蒲公英与木通提取物对断奶仔兔生长性能、肠道健康和药物转运体基因相对表达量的影响

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2024.08.044

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加蒲公英、木通提取物对断奶仔兔生长性能、腹泻情况、肠道形态结构、肠黏膜紧密连接蛋白和肝肠药物转运体蛋白基因表达的影响，探究二者联用对提高中药提取物生物利用度的效果。试验选取120只35日龄断奶仔兔，随机分为4个组，每组设置10个重复，每个重复3只兔。试验包括对照组(基础饲粮)、蒲公英组(基础饲粮添加0.5%蒲公英提取物)、木通组(基础饲粮添加0.5%木通提取物)和蒲公英+木通组(基础饲粮分别添加0.5%蒲公英和木通提取物)。试验时间为28 d。试验结果表明：1)第1周蒲公英组和木通组平均日增重显著高于对照组(P < 0.05)，料重比显著低于对照组(P < 0.05)。2)蒲公英组仔兔空肠绒毛高度显著高于木通组(P < 0.05)。3)蒲公英+木通组空肠黏膜总黄酮含量显著高于其它各组(P < 0.05)。4)蒲公英+木通组闭合小环蛋白1(Z0-1)基因在回肠的相对表达量显著高于蒲公英组和木通组(P < 0.05)。5)木通组空肠多药耐药相关蛋白2(MRP-2)、有机阴离子转运多肽2B1(organic anion transporting polypeptide 2B1, OATP2B1)基因的相对表达量显著低于对照组(P < 0.05)，蒲公英+木通组空肠OATP2B1基因相对表达水平显著低于对照组(P < 0.05)；蒲公英组和木通组多药耐药相关蛋白3(multidrug resistance-associated protein 3，MRP3)基因在回肠的相对表达量显著低于对照组(P < 0.05)；蒲公英+木通组乳腺癌耐药相关蛋白(BCRP)、MRP3基因在肝的相对表达量显著低于对照组(P < 0.05)，木通组和蒲公英+木通组OATP2B1基因在肝的相对表达量显著低于对照组(P < 0.05)。综上所述，饲粮中分别添加蒲公英和木通提取物对断奶仔兔的生长性能有所改善，同时添加蒲公英和木通提取物能提高空肠组织总黄酮含量，饲粮中添加蒲公英和木通提取物能调节肝和肠黏膜组织中药物转运体基因表达水平。

关键词: 蒲公英, 木通, 断奶仔兔, 生长性能, 肠道健康, 总黄酮, 药物转运体

Abstract:

The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effects of dietary supplemented with dandelion and akebia extract on growth performance, diarrhea, intestinal morphology and structure, intestinal mucosa tight junction protein gene expression, drug transporter gene expression in liver and intestine of weaned rabbits, and to explore whether the combination of dandelion and akebia extract can improve the bioavailability of Chinese medicine extract. A hundred and twenty 35-day-old weaned rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups with 10 replicates per group and 3 rabbits per replicate. Four groups including control group (basic diet), dandelion group (basic diet +0.5% dandelion extract), akebia group (basic diet +0.5% akebia extract), and dandelion+akebia group (basic diet+0.5% dandelion extract+0.5% akebia extract).The trial lasted for 28 days. The results were showed as follows: 1)At the first week of the experiment, compared with control group, the ADG in dandelion group and akebia group was significantly increased (P < 0.05), the value of F/G was significantly decreased (P < 0.05). 2) The villus height of jejunum in dandelion group was significantly higher than that in akebia group (P < 0.05). 3) The content of total flavonoids in jejunal mucosa of dandelion+akebia group was significantly higher than other groups (P < 0.05). 4) The relative expression level of zonula occluden 1(ZO-1) gene in ileum of group dandelion+akebia group was significantly higher than that of dandelion group and akebia group (P < 0.05). 5) The relative expression levels of multidrug resistance-associated protein 2(MRP2) and organic anion transporting polypeptide 2B1(OATP2B1) genes in jejunum of akebia group was significantly lower than those of control group (P < 0.05), and the relative expression level of OATP2B1 in jejunum of dandelion+akebia group was significantly lower than control group (P < 0.05). The relative expression of multidrug resistance-associated protein 3(MRP3) gene in ileum of dandelion group and akebia group was significantly lower than control group (P < 0.05). The relative expression levels of breast cancer resistance protein(BCRP) and MRP3 genes in liver of dandelion+akebia group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P < 0.05), and the relative expression levels of OATP2B1 gene in liver of akebia group and dandelion+akebia group were significantly lower than control group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplementation of dandelion or akebia extract can improve the growth performance of weaned rabbits, combined supplementation of dandelion and akebia extract can increase the total flavonoid content in jejunum mucosa, and dietary supplementation of dandelion and akebia extract can regulate the expression levels of drug transporter genes in liver and intestinal mucosa of weaned rabbits.

Key words: dandelion, akebia, weaned rabbit, growth performance, intestinal health, total flavonoids, drug transporter

中图分类号:

S816.75

陈雨, 修子清, MGENIMusa, 施屹, 张俊秋, 蒋小雨, 吕景智, 孙雅望. 蒲公英与木通提取物对断奶仔兔生长性能、肠道健康和药物转运体基因相对表达量的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2024, 55(8): 3725-3739.

Yu CHEN, Ziqing XIU, Musa MGENI, Yi SHI, Junqiu ZHANG, Xiaoyu JIANG, Jingzhi LÜ, Yawang SUN. Effects of Dandelion and Akebia Extract on Growth Performance, Intestinal Health and Relative Expression of Drug Transporter Genes in Weaned Rabbits[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2024, 55(8): 3725-3739.

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原料Ingredient	含量 Content	营养水平 Nutrient level	含量 Content
苜蓿粉Alfalfa powder	36	消化能/(MJ·kg^-1) DE	12.02
玉米Corn	25	粗蛋白CP	16.78
豆粕Soybean meal	12	粗脂肪EE	3.11
麦麸Wheat bran	23.5	粗纤维CF	12.92
鱼粉Fish meal	1.5	钙Ca	0.79
碳酸氢钙CaHCO₃	1	磷P	0.64
食盐NaCl	0.5
预混料Premix¹	0.5
合计Total	100

腹泻程度 Diarrhea level	粪便外观 Appearance of feces	粪便初水含量/% Initial water content of feces	评分 Score
正常Normal	正常圆球形Normal sphere	＜60	0
轻微腹泻Slight diarrhea	软、仍有形Soft, shaped	60~70	1
中度腹泻Moderate diarrhea	黏、不成形、粪水无分离现象 Sticky, shapeless, without feces and water separating	70~80	2
严重腹泻Severe diarrhea	液态、不成形、粪水分离现象 Liquid, shapeless, feces and water separated	＞80	3

基因 Gene	登录号 Accession number	引物序列(5′→3′) Primer sequence	产物大小/bp Product size
GAPDH	NM_001082253	F: TGCCACCCACTCCTCTACCTTCG	163
		R: CCGGTGGTTTGAGGGCTCTTACT
claudin1	NM_001089316	F: GTCTTCGACTCTTTGCTGAATCT	169
		R: CAATGACAGCCATCCGCATC
occludin	XM_008262318	F: CTTGCCTGGGACAGAACCTA	121
		R: AGCCATAACCGTAGCCGTAA
ZO-1	XM_008269782	F: GACTGATGCGAAGACGTTGA	117
		R: GCAGAATGGATGCTGTCAGA
ABCB1	NM_001082159	F: AACTGGAAGGTTCCGGAAAGA	80
		R: CTTCTGCTCACGAGTCAGAGACA
BCRP	NC_013683	F: ATCAGCTCCGTTGGATCATCAGGCG	494
		R: AAGCGTGGCCACGGACACTACACTC
MRP2	XM_008270326	F: ATGCTGGATAAGTTCTGCAAC	498
		R: GCAGGAGTAGGCCAGATTAG
MRP3	XM_008271295	F: GCAATTACTCAGAGGAGGACATCTG	72
		R: GCTGCGCCCTCACGAA
OATP2B1	XM_008263935	F: GCTGTCTGCCGCTACTACGA	138
		R: AGCCCTTGCCTCTTTATCC

项目 Item	组别Group				P值P-value
项目 Item	对照组 Control	蒲公英组 Dandelion group	木通组 Akebia group	蒲公英+木通组 Dandelion and akebia group	P_D	P_A	P_D*A
体重/kg BW
0 d	1.22±0.09	1.22±0.06	1.22±0.08	1.22±0.08	0.919	0.888	0.956
1~7 d	1.41±0.08	1.44±0.04	1.45±0.08	1.43±0.08	0.839	0.561	0.219
8~14 d	1.73±0.08	1.76±0.05	1.77±0.08	1.73±0.13	0.759	1.000	0.184
15~21 d	2.04±0.11	2.06±0.14	2.07±0.09	1.99±0.26	0.565	0.632	0.325
22~28 d	2.15±0.08	2.16±0.07	2.17±0.07	2.18±0.07	0.704	0.334	0.917
平均日增重/g ADG
1~7 d	27.93±2.92^b	32.01±3.51^a	33.08±4.28^a	30.53±4.16^ab	0.527	0.136	0.009
8~14 d	46.15±8.41	45.89±4.62	45.96±3.80	45.54±3.96	0.850	0.879	0.965
15~21 d	43.96±17.38	42.68±16.38	42.1±7.37	42.73±15.18	0.945	0.848	0.839
22~28 d	23.13±6.80	23.63±7.96	27.00±17.01	28.52±10.98	0.796	0.265	0.897
1~28 d	36.06±3.64	36.70±3.89	38.03±2.94	36.19±1.51	0.580	0.504	0.258
平均日采食量/g ADFI
1~7 d	115.91±0.90	115.70±0.73	115.85±0.64	115.97±0.72	0.835	0.660	0.494
8~14 d	129.02±3.13	130.00±0.74	129.13±2.04	130.35±0.74	0.087	0.713	0.853
15~21 d	138.55±4.58	140.34±1.20	138.49±5.98	137.78±6.67	0.741	0.420	0.442
22~28 d	148.27±0.74	148.24±0.43	148.24±0.49	148.18±0.85	0.838	0.840	0.952
1~28 d	132.84±1.87	133.61±0.30	132.83±1.59	133.64±0.31	0.075	0.985	0.959
料重比F/G
1~7 d	4.20±0.48^a	3.65±0.34^b	3.55±0.40^b	3.86±0.54^ab	0.433	0.143	0.005
8~14 d	2.88±0.53	2.86±0.28	2.83±0.28	2.88±0.26	0.907	0.907	0.743
15~21 d	3.47±0.95	3.95±2.24	3.39±0.62	3.55±1.07	0.474	0.583	0.718
22~28 d	7.01±2.39	6.98±2.40	7.37±4.42	6.29±3.47	0.616	0.882	0.640
1~28 d	3.72±0.39	3.67±0.37	3.51±0.25	3.70±0.16	0.495	0.386	0.278

项目 Item	组别Group				P值P-value
项目 Item	对照组 Control	蒲公英组 Dandelion group	木通组 Akebia group	蒲公英+木通组 Dandelion and akebia group	P_D	P_A	P_D*A
腹泻指数Diarrhea index
1~7 d	0.06±0.14	0.10±0.27	0.24±0.51	0.08±0.19	0.555	0.42	0.315
8~14 d	0.71±0.71	0.19±0.42	0.27±0.52	0.24±0.24	0.100	0.234	0.141
15~21 d	0.41±0.62	0.46±0.68	0.41±0.40	0.35±0.40	0.949	0.758	0.758
22~28 d	0.18±0.38	0.38±0.42	0.28±0.57	0.20±0.47	0.689	0.789	0.353
1~28 d	0.34±0.36	0.28±0.35	0.30±0.24	0.22±0.19	0.453	0.584	0.892
腹泻率/% Diarrhea rate
1~7 d	2.86±6.02	4.29±9.64	11.43±25.02	4.76±10.10	0.583	0.345	0.398
8~14 d	35.71±37.04	10.00±19.11	14.29±21.30	17.46±17.17	0.17	0.392	0.081
15~21 d	28.57±36.89	22.86±32.44	35.71±35.15	23.81±25.75	0.411	0.704	0.772
22~28 d	14.00±32.73	28.00±30.11	18.00±28.98	13.33±33.17	0.644	0.598	0.358
1~28 d	20.29±22.63	16.29±15.72	19.86±12.91	14.84±14.69	0.412	0.864	0.926
存活率/% Survival rate
1~28 d	86.67±23.31	96.67±11.11	90.00±16.10	96.30±11.11	0.126	0.777	0.724