育雏育成期饲粮添加益生菌对蛋鸡生长性能、血清指标、肠道健康及后续生产性能的影响

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2024.03.019

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 旨在研究育雏育成期饲粮中添加屎肠球菌（EF）和枯草芽孢杆菌（BS）对蛋鸡生长性能、血清生化和肠道健康的影响及育雏育成期饲喂效果对产蛋期生产性能的影响。试验选取528只1日龄罗曼粉蛋鸡，采用2×2试验设计，BS包括两个添加量即0或200 mg·kg^－1（BS活菌数为：3×10¹⁰ CFU·g^－1），EF包括两个添加量，即0或200 mg·kg^－1（EF活菌数为：2×10⁹CFU·g^－1），共分4个处理，每个处理6个重复，每个重复22只鸡。试验期共30周，在育雏育成期1~20周进行试验处理，产蛋期21~30周所有组饲喂基础饲粮，不进行益生菌处理。结果表明：1）添加BS和EF对蛋鸡1~20周料肉比（F/G）存在显著交互作用，表现为两种益生菌联合添加提高了F/G（P<0.05）。2）添加BS有降低20周血清谷丙转氨酶含量的趋势（P=0.067）。BS和EF对蛋鸡20周血清生化存在交互效应，表现为两种菌联合添加降低了血清总蛋白、血清高密度脂蛋白和总胆固醇的含量（P<0.05）。3）添加EF有提高20周血清生长激素的趋势（P=0.078）。4）添加BS和EF均提高了回肠的相对长度（P<0.05）；添加BS有提高空肠绒毛高度（P=0.051）和提高隐窝深（P=0.069）的趋势；添加EF显著提高了空肠绒毛高度（P<0.05），有提高空肠隐窝深度的趋势（P=0.072）。5）添加BS显著提高了空肠黏膜Occludin mRNA的相对表达量（P<0.05），有提高Claudin-1 mRNA相对表达量的趋势（P=0.081）。6）添加BS有提高平均蛋重的趋势（P=0.077）。综上，饲粮添加BS可以提高蛋鸡育雏育成期生长性能，改善血清生化指标及促进肠道健康，并且育雏育成期添加效果可以提高产蛋期生产性能，其效果优于EF和两种益生菌联用。

关键词: 蛋鸡, 枯草芽孢杆菌, 屎肠球菌, 生长性能, 血清生化, 肠道健康

Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Enterococcus faecium (EF) and Bacillus subtilis (BS) supplementation on growth performance, serum biochemistry, and intestinal health of brood-rearing laying hens, as well as the carryover effects of feeding during this period on the subsequent laying performance. A total of 528 1-day-old Roman pink laying hens were selected in a 2×2 experimental design. BS consisted of two supplemental amounts of 0 or 200 mg·kg^-1 (BS viable count:3×10¹⁰ CFU·g^-1). EF consisted of two additions of 0 or 200 mg·kg^-1 (EF viable count:2×10⁹ CFU·g^-1). This experiment included treatments with six replicates per treatment and 22 hens per replicate. The experimental period lasted 30 weeks. The experimental treatment was carried out at brood-rearing period from 1 to 20 weeks. The laying period was from 21 weeks to 30 weeks and fed with basal diet. The results showed that:1) There was a significant interaction between BS and EF on the feed to meat ratio (F/G) of laying hens from 1 to 20 weeks, indicating that the combination of the two probiotics increased F/G ratio (P<0.05). 2) BS supplementation tended to decrease serum ALT level at week 20 (P=0.067). There was an interaction effect of BS and EF on serum biochemistry of laying hens at 20 wk, as indicated by the reduction of serum total protein, serum high-density lipoprotein and total cholesterol content by the combination of the two bacteria (P<0.05). 3) EF supplementation tended to increase serum GH level at week 20 (P=0.078). 4) BS and EF increased the relative length of ileum (P<0.05). The addition of BS tended to increase the height of jejunal villus (P=0.051) and crypt depth (P=0.069). EF supplementation significantly increased jejunal villus height (P<0.05), and tended to increase the depth of jejunal crypt (P=0.072). 5) BS significantly increased the relative expression of Occludin mRNA in the jejunal mucosa (P<0.05), and had a tendency to increase the relative expression of Claudin-1 mRNA (P=0.081). 6) Adding BS tended to increase the average egg weight (P=0.077). In conclusion, supplementation of BS can enhance the growth performance, serum biochemical indexes and intestinal health of laying hens during the brooding period. Furthermore, supplementing with BS during this period can also improve their performance during the laying period, surpassing that of EF and a combination of two probiotics.

Key words: hens, Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecium, growth performance, serum biochemistry, intestinal health

中图分类号:

S831.5

李铁, 齐梦迪, 张克英, 王建萍, 白世平, 曾秋凤, 彭焕伟, 玄月, 吕莉, 丁雪梅. 育雏育成期饲粮添加益生菌对蛋鸡生长性能、血清指标、肠道健康及后续生产性能的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2024, 55(3): 1062-1076.

LI Tie, QI Mengdi, ZHANG Keying, WANG Jianping, BAI Shiping, ZENG Qiufeng, PENG Huanwei, XUAN Yue, LÜ Li, DING Xuemei. Effects of Dietary Probiotics Supplementation during Brood-rearing Period on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemistry, Intestinal Health and Subsequent Performance of Laying Hens[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2024, 55(3): 1062-1076.

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