5个贵妃鸡配套系生长发育规律、屠宰性能和肉品质比较分析

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2024.04.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 旨在筛选出生长性能好、屠宰性能优良、肉品质鲜美的贵妃鸡杂交组合，为贵妃鸡的品种改良提供科学依据。本研究选择体重接近的20周龄健康贵妃鸡为母本，与河南农业大学家禽种质资源场培育的同周龄的豫农D系、豫农L系、豫农SHj系、豫农C系和豫农H系进行杂交配套试验，杂交后代分别为D×HD、L×HD、SHj×HD、C×HD、H×HD。各组合按性别选取健康雏鸡各50只，常规饲养至12周龄，每两周固定时间测定体重，采用Logistic、Gompertz和Von Bertallanffy 3种非线性生长曲线模型对其体重进行拟合，并随机挑选各组合12周龄健康试验鸡公母各6只进行屠宰，测定其生长性能、屠宰性能以及肉品质等指标，对各指标进行生物统计学分析。结果表明: Gompertz模型的拟合结果最优，拟合度均在0.998以上；在生产性能方面，C×HD组合的平均体重和体尺指标显著高于其他组合(P＜0.05)且母鸡饲料报酬最高(2.59)，SHj×HD组合公鸡饲料报酬最高(2.39)；在屠宰性能方面，除L×HD和H×HD组合中的母鸡之外，其它组合公母鸡均达到半净膛率70%以上，全净膛率60%以上，肉用性能良好；在肉品质方面，D×HD组合的肉质较优于其他组合，但各组合滴水损失无显著差异。基于以上结果，C×HD组合在生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质等方面大多表现优异，可以在一定程度上满足消费者的需求。此外，研究结果也为贵妃鸡遗传资源的保护、进一步开发和品种选育提供重要参考依据，为贵妃鸡的高效养殖和推广提供了有力的支持。

关键词: 杂交组合, 贵妃鸡, 生长性能, 屠宰性能, 肉质性状

Abstract: The aim of this study was to screen out the most suitable hybrid combination of Houdan that exhibits good growth performance, excellent slaughtering performance and high meat quality, further to provide a scientific basis for the breed improvement of Houdan chicken. In this study, 20-week-old healthy Houdan chicken with similar body weights were selected as the female parents, while Yunong D line (D), Yunong L line (L), Yunong SHj line (SHj), Yunong C line (C), and Yunong H line (H) raised at poultry germplasm resource farm of henan agricultural university were used as the male parent for the crossbreeding test, and the hybrid offspring were named as D×HD, L×HD, SHj×HD, C×HD, and H×HD, respectively. The 50 healthy chickens were selected from each combination according to sex and reared until 12 weeks of age. Body weights were measured every two weeks. Three growth curve models, including Logistic, Gompertz and Von Bertallanffy, were employed to fit their body weights. A total of 6 males and 6 females at 12 weeks were randomly selected from each combination for slaughter. Their growth performance, slaughter performance, and meat quality were measured, and the data were then subjected to biostatistical analysis. The optimal model for growth traits is Gompertz with the fitness greater than 0.998. In terms of growth performance, the C×HD combination had significantly higher average body weight and body size than other combinations (P < 0.05), the highest feed consumption for hens being 2.59, and the SHj×HD combination of roosters had the highest feed consumption with 2.39. According to slaughtering performance, all combinations except for the hens in the L×HD and H×HD combinations, achieved more than 70% of semi-eviscerated rate and more than 60% of eviscerated rate. In terms of meat quality, the D×HD combination showed better meat quality than the other combinations, but there was no significant difference in drip loss among the combinations. Taken together, the C×HD combination exhibited excellent performance in growth, carcass, and meat quality traits, and it can meet consumers′ demand to some extent. Moreover, the research provided an important reference for the conservation, genetic improvement of Houdan chicken and strongly supported the efficient breeding and promotion of Houdan chicken.

Key words: hybrid combination, Houdan chicken, growth traits, carcass traits, meat quality traits

中图分类号:

S831.2

雷艳茹, 胡晓玉, 许春红, 张晨曦, 杜文苹, 王阳光, 李东华, 孙桂荣, 李文婷, 康相涛. 5个贵妃鸡配套系生长发育规律、屠宰性能和肉品质比较分析[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2024, 55(4): 1521-1535.

LEI Yanru, HU Xiaoyu, XU Chunhong, ZHANG Chenxi, DU Wenping, WANG Yangguang, LI Donghua, SUN Guirong, LI Wenting, KANG Xiangtao. Comparative Analysis of Growth, Carcass and Meat Quality Traits of Five Hybrid Combinations of Houdan Chicken[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2024, 55(4): 1521-1535.

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