功能性氨基酸对断奶仔猪肠道损伤修复机制的研究进展

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2020.07.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 氨基酸是仔猪饲粮中最重要的成分之一，但传统氨基酸分类存在缺陷。功能性氨基酸是对传统氨基酸定义的一种重新界定，在动物的免疫功能方面发挥着重要作用。本文综述了精氨酸、谷氨酸、谷氨酰胺、支链氨基酸、色氨酸、甘氨酸、半胱氨酸和脯氨酸等功能性氨基酸在断奶仔猪肠道中的代谢作用及其对肠道健康的影响，并阐明功能性氨基酸修复肠道损伤的机制，为其在断奶仔猪肠道损伤修复上的应用提供依据。

关键词: 功能性氨基酸, 断奶仔猪, 肠道, 损伤修复, 机制

Abstract: Amino acids are one of the most important dietary components in piglets, but the traditional classification of amino acids is defective. Functional amino acids are a redefinition of traditional amino acids and play an important role in animal immune function.This paper summerizes the metabolic effects of functional amino acids such as arginine, glutamate, glutamine, branched-chain amino acids, tryptophan, glycine, cysteine and proline in the intestinal tract of weaned piglets and their effects on intestinal health. The mechanism of functional amino acids to repair intestinal damage is also elucidated. In order to provide a basis for functional amino acids application in intestinal injury repair of weaned piglets.

Key words: functional amino acids, weaned piglets, intestine, damage repair, mechanism

中图分类号:

S828
S816.79

乔新月, 王梦竹, 贾军峰, 孙晓燕, 李金库, 崔一喆, 王秋菊. 功能性氨基酸对断奶仔猪肠道损伤修复机制的研究进展[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2020, 51(7): 1499-1505.

QIAO Xinyue, WANG Mengzhu, JIA Junfeng, SUN Xiaoyan, LI Jinku, CUI Yizhe, WANG Qiuju. Research Progress on Functional Amino Acids on Intestinal Injury Repair Mechanism of Weaned Piglets[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2020, 51(7): 1499-1505.

参考文献 59

[1]	MOU Q,YANG H S,YIN Y L,et al.Amino acids influencing intestinal development and health of the piglets[J].Animals,2019,9(6):302.
[2]	ENGLISH B K,GAUR A H.The use and abuse of antibiotics and the development of antibiotic resistance[J].Adv Exp Med Biol,2010,659:73-82.
[3]	BANSAL D,MANGLA S,UNDELA K,et al.Mea-surement of adult antimicrobial drug use in tertiary care hospital using defined daily dose and days of therapy[J].Indian J Pharm Sci,2014,76(3):211-217.
[4]	CAMPBELL J M,CRENSHAW J D,POLO J.The biological stress of early weaned piglets[J].J Anim Sci Biotechnol,2013,4(1):19.
[5]	ANDERSEN S M,WAAGB? R,MARIT E.Functional amino acids in fish nutrition,health and welfare[J].Front Biosci,2016,8(1):143-169.
[6]	WU G Y.Functional amino acids in nutrition and health[J].Amino Acids,2013,45(3):407-411.
[7]	WU Z L,HOU Y Q,HU S D,et al.Catabolism and safety of supplemental L-arginine in animals[J].Amino Acids,2016,48(7):1541-1552.
[8]	谭碧娥,王婧,印遇龙.仔猪肠道发育和氨基酸营养调控机制[J].农业现代化研究,2018,39(6):970-976.TAN B E,WANG J,YIN Y L.The intestinal deve-lopment and the mechanisms ofnutritional regulation of amino acids in piglets[J].Research of Agricultural Modernization,2018,39(6):970-976.(in Chinese)
[9]	HU C H,XIAO K,LUAN Z S,et al.Early weaning increases intestinal permeability,alters expression of cytokine and tight junction proteins,and activates mitogen-activated protein kinases in pigs1[J].J Anim Sci,2013,91(3):1094-1101.
[10]	MAMMEN J M V,MATTHEWS J B.Mucosal repair in the gastrointestinal tract[J].Crit Care Med,2003,31(8):S532-S537.
[11]	PIÉ S,LALLÈS J P,BLAZY F,et al.Weaning is associated with an upregulation of expression of inflamatory cytokines in the intestine of piglets[J].J Nutr,2004,134(3):641-647.
[12]	CAO S T,WANG C C,WU H,et al.Weaning disrupts intestinal antioxidant status,impairs intestinal barrier and mitochondrial function,and triggers mitophagy in piglets[J].J Anim Sci,2018,96(3):1073-1083.
[13]	MORRIS JR S M.Arginine metabolism revisited[J].J Nutr,2016,146(12):2579S-2586S.
[14]	GOGOI M,DATEY A,WILSON K T,et al.Dual role of arginine metabolism in establishing pathogenesis[J].Curr Opin Microbiol,2016,29:43-48.
[15]	GAUTIER J B O.Arginine in critical care:preclinical aspects[M]//RAJENDRAM R,PREEDY V R,PATEL V B.Diet and Nutrition in Critical Care.New York:Springer,2015:1149-1164.
[16]	GEIGER R,RIECKMANN J C,WOLF T,et al.L-arginine modulates T cell metabolism and enhances survival and anti-tumor activity[J].Cell,2016,167(3):829-842.e13.
[17]	REEDS P J,BURRIN D G,STOLL B,et al.Intestinal glutamate metabolism[J].J Anim Sci,2000,130(4):978S-982S.
[18]	WANG L X,YAN S L,LI J Z,et al.Rapid communication:the relationship of enterocyte proliferation with intestinal morphology and nutrient digestibility in weaning piglets[J].J Anim Sci,2019,97(1):353-358.
[19]	BLACHIER F,BOUTRY C,BOS C,et al.Metabolism and functions of L-glutamate in the epithelial cells of the small and large intestines[J].Am J Clin Nutr,2009,90(3):814S-821S.
[20]	黄博,胡佳宇,吴苗苗,等.猪胃肠道谷氨酸代谢及其对机体健康的影响[J].动物营养学报,2015,27(11):3326-3331.HUANG B,HU J Y,WU M M,et al.Metabolism of glutamic acid in gastrointestinal tract and its effects on health of pigs[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2015,27(11):3326-3331.(in Chinese)
[21]	CRUZAT V,ROGERO M M,KEANE K N,et al.Glutamine:metabolism and immune function,supplementation and clinical translation[J].Nutrients,2018,10(11):1564.
[22]	LE A,LANE A N,HAMAKER M,et al.Glucose-independent glutamine metabolism via TCA cycling for proliferation and survival in B cells[J].Cell Metab,2012,15(1):110-121.
[23]	李雪,王小城,熊霞,等.谷氨酰胺对断奶仔猪肠黏膜更新的影响及其机制[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(12):3729-3734.LI X,WANG X C,XIONG X,et al.Mechanism and effects of glutamine on intestinal mucosa regeneration of weaned piglets[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2016,28(12):3729-3734.(in Chinese)
[24]	DUCROC R,SAKAR Y,FANJUL C,et al.Luminal leptin inhibits L-glutamine transport in rat small intestine:involvement of ASCT2 and B0AT1[J].Am J Physiol Gastr L Physiol,2010,299(1):G179-G185.
[25]	CSIBI A,FENDT S M,LI C G,et al.The mTORC1 pathway stimulates glutamine metabolism and cell proliferation by repressing SIRT4[J].Cell,2013,153(4):840-854.
[26]	HOU Y.109 Amino acids in intestinal growth and health[J].J Anim Sci,2018,96(S3):387-388.
[27]	ZHANG S H,ZENG X F,REN M,et al.Novel metabolic and physiological functions of branched chain amino acids:a review[J].J Anim Sci Biotechno,2017,8(1):10.
[28]	HUTSON S M,SWEATT A J,LANOUE K F.Branched-chain amino acid metabolism:implicationsfor establishing safe intakes[J].J Nutr,2005,135(6):1557S-1564S.
[29]	NIE C X,HE T,ZHANG W J,et al.Branched chain amino acids:beyond nutrition metabolism[J].Int J Mol Sci,2018,19(4):954.
[30]	LI Y,HU N,YANG D,et al.Regulating the balance between the kynurenine and serotonin pathways of tryptophan metabolism[J].FEBS J,2017,284(6):948-966.
[31]	KESZTHELYI D,TROOST F J,MASCLEE A A M.Understanding the role of tryptophan and serotonin metabolism in gastrointestinal function[J].Neurogastroenterol Motil,2009,21(12):1239-1249.
[32]	LE FLOC'H N,OTTEN W,MERLOT E.Tryptophan metabolism,from nutrition to potential therapeutic applications[J].Amino Acids,2011,41(5):1195-1205.
[33]	WANG H,JI Y,WU G Y,et al.L-tryptophan activates mammalian target of rapamycin and enhances expression of tight junction proteins in intestinal porcine epithelial cells[J].J Nutr,2015,145(6):1156-1162.
[34]	MENNI C,HERNANDEZ M M,VITAL M,et al.Circulating levels of the anti-oxidant indoleproprionic acid are associated with higher gut microbiome diversity[J].Gut Microbes,2019,10(6):688-695.
[35]	李晓宇,朱旭冬,陈琪.甘氨酸在心血管疾病中的保护作用[J].生物化学与生物物理进展,2015,42(9):810-816.LI X Y,ZHU X D,CHEN Q.Protective effect of glycine on cardiovascular disease[J].Progress in Biochemistry and Biophysics,2015,42(9):810-816.(in Chinese)
[36]	JANG Y J,KIM W K,HAN D H,et al.Lactobacillus fermentum species ameliorate dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis by regulating the immune response and altering gut microbiota[J].Gut Microbes,2019,10(6):696-711.
[37]	MA N,MA X.Dietary Amino acids and the gut-microbiome-immune axis:physiological metabolism and therapeutic prospects[J].Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf,2019,18(1):221-242.
[38]	SKRZYPEK T H,KAZIMIERCZAK W,SKRZYPEK H,et al.Mechanisms involved in the development of the small intestine mucosal layer in postnatal piglets[J].J Physiol Pharmacol,2018,69(1):127-138.
[39]	YANG X F,JIANG Z Y,GONG Y L,et al.Supplementation of pre-weaning diet with L-arginine has carry-over effect to improve intestinal development in young piglets[J].Can J Anim Sci,2016,96(1):52-59.
[40]	ZHAN Z F,OU D Y,PIAO X S,et al.Dietary arginine supplementation affects microvascular development in the small intestine of early-weaned pigs[J].J Nutr,2008,138(7):1304-1309.
[41]	WU G Y,BAZER F W,JOHNSON G A,et al.BOARD-INVITED REVIEW:arginine nutrition and metabolism in growing,gestating,and lactating swine[J].J Anim Sci,2018,96(12):5035-5051.
[42]	ZHANG S H,QIAO S Y, REN M, et al. Supplementation with branched-chain amino acids to a low-protein diet regulates intestinal expression of amino acids and peptide transporters in weanling pigs[J].Amino Acids, 2013, 45(5):1191-1205.
[43]	YANG Y,WU Z L,JIA S C,et al.Safety of long-term dietary supplementation with L-arginine in rats[J].Amino Acids,2015,47(9):1909-1920.
[44]	SUN X M,SHEN J L,LIU C,et al.L-arginine and N-carbamoylglutamic acid supplementation enhance young rabbit growth and immunity by regulating intestinal microbial community[J].Asian Australas J Anim Sci,2020,33(1):166-176.
[45]	BROSNAN J T,BROSNAN M E.Glutamate:a truly functional amino acid[J].Amino Acids,2013,45(3):413-418.
[46]	WATFORD M.Glutamine and glutamate:nonessential or essential amino acids?[J].Anim Nutr,2015,1(3):119-122.
[47]	LIN M,ZHANG B L,YU C N,et al.L-glutamate supplementation improves small intestinal architecture and enhances the expressions of jejunal mucosa amino acid receptors and transporters in weaning piglets[J].PLoS One,2014,9(11):e111950.
[48]	JIAO N,WU Z L,JI Y,et al.L-glutamate enhances barrier and antioxidative functions in intestinal porcine epithelial cells[J].J Nutr,2015,145(10):2258-2264.
[49]	JI F J,WANG L X,YANG H S,et al.Review:the roles and functions of glutamine on intestinal health and performance of weaning pigs[J].Animal,2019,13(11):2727-2735.
[50]	WANG B,WU G Y,ZHOU Z G,et al.Glutamine and intestinal barrier function[J].Amino Acids,2015,47(10):2143-2154.
[51]	PERNA S,ALALWAN T A,ALAALI Z,et al.The role of glutamine in the complex interaction between gut microbiota and health:a narrative review[J].Int J Mol Sci,2019,20(20):5232.
[52]	NIE C X,HE T,ZHANG W J,et al.Branched chain amino acids:beyond nutrition metabolism[J].Int J Mol Sci,2018,19(4):954.
[53]	ZHENG L F,ZUO F R,ZHAO S J,et al.Dietary supplementation of branched-chain amino acids increases muscle net amino acid fluxes through elevating their substrate availability and intramuscular catabolism in young pigs[J].Brit J Nutr,2017,117(7):911-922.
[54]	郭龙,郑辰,梁子琦,等.支链氨基酸对哺乳动物蛋白质周转的影响及机理研究进展[J].农业生物技术学报,2018,26(6):995-1003.GUO L,ZHENG C,LIANG Z Q,et al.Research progress in effect of branch-chain amino acids on mammalian protein turnover and its mechanism[J].Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology,2018,26(6):995-1003.(in Chinese)
[55]	赵芳,陈晖,王根,等.瘤胃保护性5-羟基色氨酸对绵羊胃肠道内容物和血浆中5-羟基色氨酸、褪黑素含量的影响[J].动物营养学报,2018,30(10):4037-4047.ZHAO F,CHEN H,WANG G,et al.Effects of rumen protected 5-hydroxytryptophan on contents of 5-hydroxytryptophan,melatonin in gastrointestinal tract digesta and plasma of sheep[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2018,30(10):4037-4047.(in Chinese)
[56]	LIANG H W,DAI Z L,LIU N,et al.Dietary L-tryptophan modulates the structural and functional composition of the intestinal microbiome in weaned piglets[J].Front Microbiol,2018,9:1736.
[57]	李华伟,祝倩,吴灵英,等.色氨酸的生理功能及其在畜禽饲粮中的应用[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(3):659-664.LI H W,ZHU Q,WU L Y,et al.Physiological function and dietary application of tryptophan in livestock and poultry[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2016,28(3):659-664.(in Chinese)
[58]	XU X,WANG X Y,WU H T,et al.Glycine relieves intestinal injury by maintaining mTOR signaling and suppressing AMPK,TLR4,and NOD signaling in weaned piglets after lipopolysaccharide challenge[J].Int J Mol Sci,2018,19(7):1980.
[59]	LI W,SUN K J,JI Y,et al.Glycine regulates expression and distribution of claudin-7 and ZO-3 proteins in intestinal porcine epithelial cells[J].J Nutr,2016,146(5):964-969.