肠道菌群介导次级胆汁酸及其受体调节肠黏膜免疫机制的研究进展

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2024.05.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 胆汁酸是一种胆固醇衍生物，对提高每日膳食中脂肪的消化与吸收率具有显著功效。在肝内，细胞利用胆固醇形成初级胆汁酸，初级胆汁酸在肠道菌群产生的蛋白酶的影响下产生次级胆汁酸，极大地扩大了肠道环境的分子多样性。目前最常见的次级胆汁酸受体为跨膜G蛋白胆汁酸偶联受体-5(GPBAR1，也被称为TGR5)和核受体法尼类X受体(FXR)，在调节机体健康中起着多效性作用，特别是可以维持肠道菌群稳态和黏膜免疫系统平衡。本综述讨论了胆汁酸与肠道菌群的关系、次级胆汁酸的代谢以及次级胆汁酸及其受体在肠道免疫系统中的不同作用机制，可为肠道菌群在动物肠道疾病的防治以及相关研究等方面提供理论基础。

关键词: 肠道菌群, 次级胆汁酸, G蛋白胆汁酸偶联受体-5, 核受体法尼类X受体, 黏膜免疫

Abstract: Bile acids are cholesterol derivatives that have been shown to be remarkably effective in improving the digestion and absorption of fats in the daily diet. In the liver, cells utilize cholesterol to form primary bile acids, while under the influence of proteases secreted by intestinal flora, primary bile acids turned to secondary bile acids, which greatly expanding the molecular diversity of the intestinal environment. Currently, the most common secondary bile acid receptors are transmembrane G protein bile acid-coupled receptor-5 (GPBAR1, also known as TGR5) and the nuclear receptor farnesoid X receptor (FXR), which play pleiotropic roles in the regulation of organismal health, in particular to maintain intestinal flora homeostasis and mucosal immune system homeostasis. This review discusses the relationship between bile acids and intestinal flora, the metabolism of secondary bile acids, and the different mechanisms of action of secondary bile acids and their receptors in the intestinal immune system, which may provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of intestinal diseases in animals as well as related research.

Key words: intestinal flora, secondary bile acids, G protein bile acid-coupled receptor-5, nuclear receptor farnesoid X receptor, mucosal immunity

中图分类号:

S852.4

韩福珍, 蔡李萌, 李卓然, 王雪莹, 解伟纯, 匡虹迪, 李佳璇, 崔文, 姜艳平, 李一经, 单智夫, 唐丽杰. 肠道菌群介导次级胆汁酸及其受体调节肠黏膜免疫机制的研究进展[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2024, 55(5): 1904-1913.

HAN Fuzhen, CAI Limeng, LI Zhuoran, WANG Xueying, XIE Weichun, KUANG Hongdi, LI Jiaxuan, CUI Wen, JIANG Yanping, LI Yijing, SHAN Zhifu, TANG Lijie. Research Progress on the Mechanism of Intestinal Flora-Mediated Regulation of Intestinal Mucosal Immunity by Secondary Bile Acids and Their Receptors[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2024, 55(5): 1904-1913.

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