16株新型H3N3亚型禽流感病毒的遗传变异分析

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2024.09.027

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to understand the genetic variation characteristics of the newly emerged H3N3 subtype avian influenza virus (AIV), we conducted whole-genome sequence analysis of H3 subtype AIV isolated during 2022-2023, and analyzed antigenic differences among representative strains. A total of 15 strains of H3N3 subtype AIV from poultry origin and 1 strain from wildfowl origin were isolated and identified. Phylogenetic analysis of the whole genome revealed that all 16 isolates belonged to the Eurasian lineage, with the HA gene derived from H3N8 subtype AIV, sharing a nucleotide homology of 97.3% to 99.2% when compared to human H3N8 subtype AIV isolates. The NA gene was derived from H10N3 subtype AIV, with a nucleotide homology of 98.1% to 98.4% when compared to human H10N3 subtype AIV isolates. The internal gene segments were all derived from H9N2 subtype AIVs. The cleavage sites of the HA gene of the isolates are consistent with the molecular characteristics of low pathogenic AIV. The isolated strains have multiple mutation sites that can enhance the adaptability and pathogenicity of the virus in mammals, such as the A588V and E627V mutations in the PB2 protein, the I368V and S375N mutations in the PB1 protein. Antigenic difference analysis showed that the isolates had HI antibody titers 1 log2-3 log2 different from those of earlier circulating strains in East China. Therefore, all 16 strains of H3N3 AIVs in this study are triple-recombinant viruses, with H9N2 AIV serving as the donor for all internal genes, and they harbor multiple amino acid mutations that enhance their adaptability and pathogenicity in mammals. These strains have already spread to wildfowl. This study reveals the genetic characteristics, variation and multi host distribution of the novel H3N3 AIVs, providing theoretical support for the prevention and control of avian influenza.

Key words: avian influenza virus, novel type, H3N3 subtype, genetic variation, antigenic variation

CLC Number:

S852.659.5

Kangning ZHAO, Zhonglong YANG, Yi CHEN, Chuncheng ZHU, Yunfei GUO, Yuncong YIN, Tao QIN, Sujuan CHEN, Daxin PENG. Genetic Variation Analysis of Sixteen Novel H3N3 Subtype Avian Influenza Viruses[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2024, 55(9): 4029-4040.

Figures/Tables 4

Table 1

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Table 2

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毒株名称	缩写	宿主	日期	来源
Virus names	Abbreviation	Host	Date	Source
A/China/ZMD-22-2/2022(H3N8)^*	ZMD-22-2	Human	2022/04	Human
A/China/CSKFQ-22-5/2022(H3N8)^*	CSKFQ-22-5	Human	2022/05	Human
A/China/0428/2021(H10N3)^*	0428	Human	2021/04	Human
A/duck/Fujian/SD063/2017(H3N3)^*	SD063	Duck	2017/03	Unknown
A/chicken/Jiangsu/W23910/2017(H3N2)^*	W23910	Chicken	2017/02	LBM
A/chicken/YangZhou/YZ12145/2022(H3N3)	YZ12145	Chicken	2022/12	LBM
A/chicken/YangZhou/YZ01082/2023(H3N3)	YZ01082	Chicken	2023/01	Specimen
A/chicken/NanTong/NT02101/2023(H3N3)	NT02101	Chicken	2023/02	Specimen
A/chicken/YangZhou/YZ02283/2023(H3N3)	YZ02283	Chicken	2023/02	LBM
A/chicken/YangZhou/YZ02284/2023(H3N3)	YZ02284	Chicken	2023/02	LBM
A/chicken/YangZhou/YZ02285/2023(H3N3)	YZ02285	Chicken	2023/02	LBM
A/chicken/YangZhou/YZ02288/2023(H3N3)	YZ02288	Chicken	2023/02	LBM
A/chicken/NanTong/NT030601/2023(H3N3)	NT030601	Chicken	2023/03	Specimen
A/duck/YangZhou/YZD031512/2023(H3N3)	YZ031512	Duck	2023/03	LBM
A/chicken/YangZhou/YZ031524/2023(H3N3)	YZ031524	Chicken	2023/03	LBM
A/chicken/YangZhou/YZ031542/2023(H3N3)	YZ031542	Chicken	2023/03	LBM
A/chicken/YangZhou/YZ031554/2023(H3N3)	YZ031554	Chicken	2023/03	LBM
A/chicken/YangZhou/YZ032702/2023(H3N3)	YZ032702	Chicken	2023/03	Specimen
A/chicken/YangZhou/YZ042881/2023(H3N3)	YZ042881	Chicken	2023/04	LBM
A/chicken/YangZhou/YZ042893/2023(H3N3)	YZ042893	Chicken	2023/04	LBM
A/wildfowl/HuaDong/SY01/2023(H3N3)	SY01	Wildfowl	2023/01	Wildfowl

血清 Sera	病毒Virus
血清 Sera	A/chicken/Jiangsu/W23910/2017 (H3N2)	A/chicken/NanTong/NT02101/2023 (H3N3)	A/chicken/YangZhou/YZ01082/2023 (H3N3)	A/chicken/YangZhou/YZ032702/2023 (H3N3)
A/chicken/Jiangsu/W23910/2017(H3N2)^a	9.33±0.58^b	8.67±0.58	7.00±0.00	7.33±0.58
A/chicken/NanTong/NT02101/2023(H3N3)^a	6.33±0.58	9.00±0.00	7.75±0.50	8.00±0.00

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Genetic Variation Analysis of Sixteen Novel H3N3 Subtype Avian Influenza Viruses

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