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Physiological Function of Taurine and Its Application in Poultry Production YANG Jia, ZHAO Liyuan, MA Kehan, Dieudonné M. Dansou, HAN Haoyang, TANG Chaohua, QIN Yuchang, ZHANG Kai, YU Yanan, ZHANG Junmin Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica    2025, 56 (10): 4821-4838.   DOI: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.10.006 Abstract （1067）   HTML （6）    PDF（pc） （2111KB）（260）       Knowledge map    Save Taurine is a sulfur-containing β-amino acid with multiple biological functions including antioxidant, anti-inflammation, anti-aging, hormone secretion and lipid metabolism regulation, immune function enhancement, and maintenance of intestinal health. This article systematicly reviews the sources, synthetic and metabolic pathways, biological functions of taurine, focuses on elucidating its dose-effect relationships and mechanisms of action in poultry production (broilers, laying hens, ducks, and quails).This study also systematically evaluates the optimal dietary taurine supplementation levels in poultry feed formulations, providing empirical evidence for precision nutrient supplementation and functional feed development in intensive poultry production systems. In broiler production, dietary inclusion of 0.05% to 0.25% taurine significantly enhances average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR), while effectively mitigating oxidative stress-induced muscular damage under chronic heat stress conditions. For laying hens, supplementation with 0.05% to 0.3% taurine demonstrates multifunctional benefits including improved egg production rate, enhanced eggshell integrity, and attenuation of hepatic lipid deposition. Notably, species-specific requirements were identified, with recommended taurine inclusion rates of 0.1% for ducks and 0.05%-0.1% for quail in formulated diets. These findings establish a scientific basis for optimizing taurine utilization efficiency and advancing practical applications in modern poultry nutrition strategies. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Research Progress on Integrated eQTL-GWAS Data Analysis for Potential Functional Genetic Loci Identification in Animal Breeding CAO Yu, ZHOU Bohan, XU Qi, YUAN Zi'ao, SU Rui, LÜ Qi, LI Jinquan, ZHANG Yanjun, WANG Ruijun, WANG Zhiying Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica    2025, 56 (10): 4759-4773.   DOI: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.10.001 Abstract （653）   HTML （10）    PDF（pc） （6891KB）（371）       Knowledge map    Save Accurately identifying the potential functional genetic loci that significantly associated with animal economic traits holds both theoretical and practical significance for improving individual animal breeding outcomes and enhancing production performance. With the advancement of omics technologies, integrating multi-omics information has become an effective strategy to enhance the precision of genetic locus identification. Among these, expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) analysis provides a new research perspective for analyzing the association mechanisms between genotypes and economic traits, as well as the genetic regulatory networks of gene expression, making it an important research direction in the post-genome-wide association study (Post-GWAS) era. This paper first introduces the basic principles and methods of eQTL analysis, then focuses on strategies and approaches for integrating eQTL and GWAS data to enhance the efficiency of functional genetic loci identification, as well as its applications in the genetic breeding of important livestock (cattle, pigs, chickens and sheep). Finally, it summarizes the problems that exist in practical implementation, which provides theoretical foundations for elucidating the genetic architecture of complex traits in animals and establishes a crucial basis for advancing innovative biobreeding technologies to revitalize the livestock breeding industry. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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The Regulatory Role of Androgen Receptor in the Development of Ovarian Granulosa Cells in Sheep LI Rongqing, TE Rigele, FU Shaoyin, HE Xiaolong, DA Lai, WANG Liwei, GAO Yuanshuai, ZHANG Wenjia, XIE Zhiqiang, YANG Huiguo, WANG Biao, LIU Yongbin Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica    2026, 57 (1): 246-257.   DOI: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2026.01.021 Abstract （551）   HTML （4）    PDF（pc） （5370KB）（106）       Knowledge map    Save This study aimed to investigate the mechanism by which knockdown of androgen receptor （AR） in sheep affects the development of ovarian granulosa cells （GC）. The healthy， adult sheep was selected as experimental subjects， employing surgical procedures to obtain ovarian tissue， from which granulosa cells were subsequently isolated and characterized.After silencing AR expression in granulosa cells （GCs）， cell proliferation and estradiol （E2） production were assessed in sheep ovarian GCs through CCK-8 and ELISA techniques.Furthermore， after AR knockdown， key differentially expressed genes （DEGs） affecting ovarian granulosa cell development were identified through transcriptome sequencing （RNA-seq）. These genes were subjected to functional enrichment analysis， and signaling pathways involved in granulosa cell development， along with their associated DEGs， were validated using RT-qPCR and Western blot assays.The results demonstrated that the study successfully isolated and identified granulosa cells， and that knockdown of AR significantly reduces the proliferation activity of these cells.More importantly， after AR was knocked down， 1 187 differentially expressed genes was identified through transcriptome sequencing， with 465 genes upregulated and 722 genes downregulated.Based on these differentially expressed genes， key signaling pathways involved in granulosa cell development were identified， including the PI3K-Akt pathway and the estrogen signaling pathway. The key genes PI3K， AKT， p-AKT， ESR2， CYP19A1， BAX， BAX/BCL2， and Caspase3 were further validated.Following AR silencing， the expression levels of critical genes within the PI3K-Akt signaling cascade—specifically PI3K， AKT， and p-AKT were significantly reduced （P<0.05）. Similarly， key genes associated with estrogen biosynthesis， ESR2 and CYP19A1， exhibited significant downregulation （P<0.05）. Conversely， genes linked to cellular proliferation， including BAX， the BAX/BCL2 ratio， and Caspase3， showed a significant increase in expression （P<0.05）. In summary， these findings suggest that knocking down AR in sheep ovarian granulosa cells may influence cell proliferation and hormone synthesis through the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and the estrogen signaling pathway， thereby participating in the process of cellular development. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Evaluation of Efficacy and Urine Metabolomics of a Prescription Cans for Feline Urinary Tract WENG Ziyuan, CEN Ting, MA Ye, ZHENG Enpei, WU Xuan, LENG Jun, WANG Zuzhong, WANG Yuanyuan, YE Ziying, LI Minhong, HU Changmin Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica    2025, 56 (10): 5289-5301.   DOI: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.10.047 Abstract （480）   HTML （2）    PDF（pc） （17597KB）（57）       Knowledge map    Save This study aims to assess the effectiveness of a Urinary prescription canned food as an adjunctive treatment for feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD). A total of twelve healthy cats were randomly assigned to two groups: the Urinary prescription canned food group (referred to as the urinary group) and a control group, with each group consisting of six cats. Throughout the feeding period, daily water intake and emotional states of the cats were monitored. Urinalysis, urine sediment examination, and measurements of magnesium (Mg2+), oxalate (C2O42-), phosphate (PO43-), and calcium (Ca2+) concentrations in urine were conducted both prior to and following the feeding regimen. Additionally, metabolomics analysis was performed on urine samples collected post-feeding. The urinary group demonstrated a higher cumulative water intake compared to the control group. Furthermore, there was a 5% increase in the proportion of positive emotional states, particularly "content", in the urinary group relative to the control group. Post-feeding analysis revealed a significant reduction in the urinary sediment of the urinary group, including crystalline substances, casts, and urethral epithelial cell counts (P<0.05), with significant differences when compared to the control group (P<0.05). The concentrations of Mg2+, C2O42-, PO43-, and Ca2+ in the urine of the urinary group significantly decreased after feeding (P<0.05), again showing significant differences from the control group (P<0.05). Metabolomics analysis identified a total of 5 767 metabolites, with 381 differentially expressed metabolites that were significantly enriched in the tryptophan metabolism pathway. The findings of this study indicate that the Urinary prescription canned food effectively inhibits the formation of struvite and calcium oxalate uroliths, reduces the presence of urethral epithelial cells and casts in urine, and positively influences the emotional well-being of felines. Moreover, it significantly affects the tryptophan-serotonin metabolic pathway, thereby playing a beneficial role in the regulation of stress and anxiety in cats. This dietary intervention holds potential clinical significance in the adjunctive management of FLUTD. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Research Advances and Future Perspectives of Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Technology in Poultry DONG Tianshu, KE Wentao, LIANG Hao, LI Shaoming, LI Peng, WANG Jiaxiang, WU Yan, PI Jinsong, XIE Yang, LUAN Yan Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica    2025, 56 (12): 5943-5951.   DOI: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.12.001 Abstract （480）   HTML （19）    PDF（pc） （1362KB）（250）       Knowledge map    Save Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) is revolutionizing poultry biology research by resolving cellular heterogeneity and dynamic gene expression at single-cell resolution. This review systematically summarizes the advances in scRNA-seq applications for poultry: the technology enables cell-by-cell analysis, offering novel strategies to enhance egg production efficiency, improve meat quality, and boost disease resistance. However, current research faces bottlenecks including incomplete cellular atlas coverage, scarce functional validation systems, and high agricultural conversion costs. Future efforts should prioritize developing low-cost sequencing, integrating multi-omics data (e.g., scATAC-seq and metabolomics), and implementing targeted validation via CRISPR/Cas9-mediated avian models. These approaches will drive intelligent design of precision breeding and reproductive regulation. This review provides theoretical foundations and technical prospects for deciphering cell fate determination mechanisms in poultry and their practical applications. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Current Situation and Mechanism of Antibiotic Resistance of Brucella GE Shengxin, LI Shuwen, NING Wenqing, DING Jiabo, YANG Xiaowen Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica    2025, 56 (11): 5389-5401.   DOI: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.11.005 Abstract （455）   HTML （1）    PDF（pc） （2220KB）（171）       Knowledge map    Save Brucella spp. is the pathogen that causes zoonotic brucellosis. Brucellosis is one of the important diseases that threaten public health safety in China. The direct and indirect economic losses caused by brucellosis in our country reach billions of dollars every year. According to the statistics of World Organization for Animal Health and World Animal Health Information System, the epidemic situation of brucellosis in most regions is still severe except Western Europe, parts of North America and Australia. The clinical treatment of brucellosis has always been based on antibiotic therapy. In recent years, researches have shown that Brucella spp. has an obvious trend of resistance to commonly used antibiotics, which has brought challenges to clinical treatment. This article mainly summarizes the researches on antibiotic resistance of Brucella spp. from 2004 to 2024, analyzes the current situation and mechanism of antibiotic resistance of Brucella spp., provides reference for the prevention and control of brucellosis, and reduces the direct and indirect losses caused by chronic brucellosis due to antibiotic resistance. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Research Progress on OMEGA Gene Editing System: Structure, Function, and Optimization Strategies YUE Yibing, LI Junliang, BAO Binwu, GAO Chen, CHEN Yan, ZHU Bo, ZHANG Lupei, WANG Zezhao, GAO Huijiang, GAO Xue, HUANG Yongzhen, LI Junya Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica    2025, 56 (11): 5335-5351.   DOI: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.11.001 Abstract （432）   HTML （14）    PDF（pc） （5899KB）（177）       Knowledge map    Save The OMEGA editing system is considered the ancestor to the CRISPR-Cas system and has become a hotspot in gene editing tool research due to its compact size and RNA-guided DNA cleavage capability. This article provides a detailed introduction to the basic structure and function of the OMEGA editing system, and reviews the strategies for improving the editing efficiency and specificity of the OMEGA system nuclease through optimized design and engineered modification of guide RNA. By fusing deaminases to achieve base editing, it expands its application scope, providing references for the development and optimization of new tools. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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The Research on Zearalenone Lactonase and Its Application in Livestock and Poultry Diets YU Liangcheng, SUN Bo, REN Man, YAN Xue, LIU Kuanbo, SONG Jia, YUE Longyao, WANG Weiwei, ZHAO Chen Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica    2025, 56 (10): 4839-4850.   DOI: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.10.007 Abstract （432）   HTML （1）    PDF（pc） （1502KB）（181）       Knowledge map    Save Zearalenone (ZEN) and its derivatives rank among the most hazardous mycotoxins worldwide, posing a significant threat to food safety and public health. Consequently, the development of efficient biodegradation strategies for ZEN has emerged as a critical research priority. Among these, enzymatic degradation approaches have garnered considerable attention due to their specificity and efficacy.ZEN-degrading enzymes primarily include laccases, manganese peroxidases, and lactonases. Compared to the first two enzyme classes, lactonases exhibit distinct advantages for the development of ZEN detoxification agents, including higher catalytic activity, well-defined degradation mechanisms, and non-toxic degradation byproducts. However, natural enzymes often suffer from limited stability under industrial processing conditions, hindering their applicability in large-scale production and practical settings. To address this challenge, enhancing enzyme activity and stability through rational or semi-rational design and optimization has become a key research focus.This review comprehensively examines microbial-derived ZEN lactonases, covering gene mining, biochemical characterization, molecular engineering, and practical applications. By evaluating the advantages and limitations of biological detoxification in industrial and livestock production, this analysis provides novel insights for the development of highly active, robust ZEN-detoxifying enzyme preparations. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Progress of Multi-omics Technology in the Study of Pork Quality Traits JIANG Xuanye, SHI Xin’e, JIN Jianjun Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica    2026, 57 (5): 2385-2396.   DOI: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2026.05.001 Abstract （430）   HTML （30）    PDF（pc） （1047KB）（489）       Knowledge map    Save China is a major consumer of pork， and improving pork production and meat quality is the key research direction of pig genetic improvement. Pork quality traits are affected by multiple factors such as breed， feeding management， nutrient composition， environmental factors and post-slaughter treatment， and the regulatory mechanism is relatively complex. It is difficult for traditional evaluation methods to fully reveal the underlying genetic mechanisms affecting pork quality changes. With the development of high-throughput sequencing technology， the combination of genomic， transcriptome， proteomic， epigenome， metabolomic and microbiome technologies provides a more comprehensive perspective for in-depth understanding of the formation mechanism and genetic basis of pork quality traits. This paper focuses on reviewing the application progress of omics technology and multi-omics combined methods in pork meat quality traits， and discusses the challenges which the technology faces and its future development prospects， aiming to provide methods for the analysis of the genetic mechanism of meat quality traits and ideas for pig molecular breeding. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Research Progress in Livestock and Poultry Breed Identification Using Machine Learning QIU Danni, LI Yipeng, ZHAO Shanghui, WANG Ruiqi, LIU Xiaohong, QIU Xiaotian, YUAN Xiaolong Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica    2026, 57 (2): 582-594.   DOI: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2026.02.002 Abstract （412）   HTML （9）    PDF（pc） （881KB）（164）       Knowledge map    Save Breed identification is fundamental to livestock conservation and plays a vital role in genetic resource management， breed purity assessment， breeding strategy implementation， product traceability， supply chain optimization， and ensuring food and biosafety. This review summarizes both traditional and modern methods for breed identification of common livestock and poultry （pig， cattle， sheep， dog， chicken）， and systematically reviews recent advances in machine learning-based breed identification research.Traditional methods， such as morphological assessment and physicochemical indicator analysis in animals，are increasingly inadequate for large-scale breed identification due to their limited accuracy，operational complexity，and time-consuming nature. With advancements in intelligent animal husbandry and high-throughput omics technologies， machine learning-based approaches have gained wide application. This paper reviews major achievements in breed identification using machine learning， analyzes the strengths and limitations of various algorithms， and highlights challenges in practical use. It offers insights for future development and supports molecular breeding and precision livestock management. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Progress of Candidate Genes for Carcass Appearance and Meat Quality Traits in Broiler Chickens CHENG Haotong, ZHANG Lin, ZHAO Liang, GAO Feng, XING Tong Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica    2025, 56 (11): 5352-5366.   DOI: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.11.002 Abstract （411）   HTML （3）    PDF（pc） （1203KB）（149）       Knowledge map    Save Genetic improvement of carcass appearance and meat quality traits in broilers is pivotal for enhancing production efficiency and meeting market demands. With the rapid expansion of chilled chicken markets and increasing consumer emphasis on product quality, traits such as carcass appearance (eg., skin color, pore density, body size) and meat quality (e.g., meat color, tenderness, intramuscular fat) have become critical determinants of commercial competitiveness. This review systematically summarizes the application of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in poultry breeding, highlighting the candidate genes identified through GWAS, transcriptomics, and multi-omics approaches. Key genes include LCORL and LDB2 (affecting body size), BCO2 and TYR (affecting skin pigmentation), Wnt3A (affecting pore development), ATP5L and COL1A2 (affecting meat color), FASN and PLA2G4F (affecting intramuscular fat deposition), as well as CAPN1 and CAST (affecting tenderness). By synthesizing current findings, this paper provides a theoretical foundation for marker-assisted breeding and proposes future research directions in functional genomics and precision breeding. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Lipid Composition Analysis of Subcutaneous Backfat in "Jinwu Pig" ZHANG Wenjuan, SHENG Qing, PENG Yongjia, ZHANG Jin Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica    2025, 56 (11): 5449-5463.   DOI: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.11.009 Abstract （411）   HTML （3）    PDF（pc） （18650KB）（72）       Knowledge map    Save This study aimed to clarify the fat deposition characteristics and lipid composition of the new black pig strain "Jinwu pig", providing a theoretical basis for its further breeding and promotion. Backfat tissue of 7-month-old "Jinwu pigs" was used as the experimental group, with commercial Duroc×Landrace×Large White pigs of comparable slaughter weight ((117±5)kg) as the control. Frozen sections were prepared to analyze adipocyte size and morphology. Non-targeted lipidomics combined with a Waters UPLC coupled to a Q Exactive high-resolution mass spectrometer was applied to determine lipid composition. Data annotation was performed using Lipid Search software, and multivariate statistical analyses including principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), and variable importance in projection (VIP) were conducted. Lipids were considered differentially expressed when VIP>1, FC>1.5 or FC < 0.65, and P < 0.05. Histological analysis showed that the adipocyte diameter of "Jinwu pigs" ((199±14)μm) was significantly larger than that of Duroc×Landrace×Large White pigs ((120±15)μm) (P < 0.05). Lipidomics revealed 95 lipids with significantly different abundance between the two groups (34 upregulated, 61 downregulated), mainly enriched in phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylserine (PS), and triacylglycerol (TG). Functional enrichment analysis indicated that these differential lipids were involved in cell membrane components, glycerophosphocholine (neurotransmitter synthesis), glycerophospholipids (membrane structure and signaling), endoplasmic reticulum and unsaturated fatty acids. Correlation analysis showed that adipocyte diameter was negatively correlated with PC lipids, but positively correlated with TG, PE, and PS lipids. Compared with Duroc×Landrace×Large White pigs, "Jinwu pigs" exhibited larger adipocytes and greater lipid deposition in backfat tissue. Lipidomic profiling revealed higher abundance of TG, PE, and PS, but lower abundance of PC. These findings elucidate the lipid composition characteristics of "Jinwu pigs" at the lipidomics level and provide a theoretical basis for understanding the breed-specific traits of black pigs. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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The Mechanism of Bidens pilosa L. in the Treatment of Bacterial Diarrhea in Poultry based on Network Pharmacological Analysis and Experimental Verification ZHANG Beiwen, LI Hongxi, WENG Chengzhen, HUANG Xinxin, LI Xiaobing, QIU Longxin, CHEN Hongbo Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica    2025, 56 (11): 5683-5696.   DOI: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.11.027 Abstract （411）   HTML （1）    PDF（pc） （23279KB）（47）       Knowledge map    Save In this study, a combination of network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experimental validation was used to jointly investigate the therapeutic mechanism of Bidens pilosa L. against bacterial diarrhea in chickens. Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) was used to identify the pharmacological components and targets of Bidens pilosa L., while the target genes related to bacterial diarrhea were analyzed in GeneCards, OMIM and DisgeNET databases, the intersecting targets were identified using the Venny database. Then, the 'Bidens pilosa L.-Component-Target-Diarrhea Network Diagram' was drawn by Cytoscape 3.10.2 software. STRING database was used to construct the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and identify core genes; DAVID database was used to analyze GO enrichment and KEGG pathway enrichment; AutoDock was used for molecular docking validation; A chicken E. coli diarrhea model was established to observe the effect on intestinal tissue morphology and validate the target protein content using ELISA. The results showed that, the main active ingredients of E. coli for the treatment of chicken bacterial diarrhea were luteolin, coreopsin, 6, 7-dihydroxybenzofuran, and quercetin, corresponding to 215 target genes; After removing the duplicates, a total of 82 targets were intersected with the disease, and the main target proteins were interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), Caspase-3 (CASP3), Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9), and Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1alpha); GO Functional enrichment analysis showed that the main targets of Bidens pilosa L.were related to apoptosis and inflammation; KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that the main targets of Bidens pilosa L. were concentrated in the signaling pathways such as HIF-1α, C-type lectin receptor, IL-17, TNF, and so on; Molecular docking results showed that Bidens pilosa L. had a good connectivity between the main active components and the key targets. Tissue section and ELISA results showed that Bidens pilosa L. significantly alleviated intestinal tissue damage and significantly reduced the levels of IL-6, IL-1β, CASP3, MMP9 and HIF-1α proteins in the jejunum (P < 0.05 or P < 0.000 1). The network pharmacology and experimental validation revealed that Bidens pilosa L. may regulate the development of intestinal inflammation by modulating the expression of IL-6, IL-1β, CASP3, MMP9 and HIF-1α, which in turn affects the signaling pathways such as HIF-1α, IL-17, TNF, etc., providing new ideas and methods for in-depth research on the mechanism of action of Bidens pilosa L. in the treatment of bacterial diarrhea in chickens. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Determination of Effective Energy and Standardized Ileal Digestibility of Amino Acid in Fermented Corn Straw for Growing-Fattening Pigs YAO Bingqian, GAO Jing, DENG Aihua, YU Haitao, QIAO Shiyan Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica    2025, 56 (10): 5030-5038.   DOI: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.10.023 Abstract （401）   HTML （2）    PDF（pc） （1294KB）（92）       Knowledge map    Save The objective of this paper is to analyze the nutritional composition of fermented corn straw, determine its effective energy and standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids for growing-finishing pigs, and evaluate the feasibility of using fermented corn straw as an unconventional feedstuff in pig feeding. In Experiment 1, the substitution method was used to determine the digestible energy (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME) of fermented corn straw for fattening pigs. Twelve healthy crossbred barrows [Duroc×(Landrace×Large White)] (DLY) with an initial body weight of (65±3.08) kg were selected and randomly divided into two treatments using a 2×2 crossover design, with six replicates per treatment and one pig per replicate. The experimental diets included a corn-soybean meal-based diet and a fermented corn straw diet. In Experiment 2, a nitrogen-free diet method was employed to determine the apparent and standardized ileal amino acid digestibility of fermented corn straw for growing pigs. Six healthy DLY crossbred barrows with a T-cannula at the diatal ileum and an initial body weight of (42.7±3.3) kg were selected and randomly divided into two treatments using a 2×2 crossover design, with three replicates per treatment and one pig per replicate. The results showed that the DE and ME values of fermented corn straw for finishing pigs were 5.85 and 5.61 MJ·kg-1, respectively. The SID of essential amino acids in fermented corn straw was 73.82%, the SID of non-essential amino acids was 65.09%, and the SID of total amino acids and crude protein was 70.33% and 61.60%, respectively. In conclusion, the results suggest that as a non-conventional feed ingredient, the fermented corn straw has a SID of amino acids similar to conventional feed ingredients such as wheat bran and corn DDGS in the Tables of Feed Composition and Nutritive Values in China (35th Edition). Furthermore, its low cost and high feed value, which could provide theoretical support and technical assistance for addressing the shortage of feed ingredients in China. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Genetic Dissection on Body Weight and Age at the first Egg in Resource Population between White Leghorn and Dongxiang Blue Shelled Chickens GUO Jun, SHAO Dan, MA Meng, LU Jian, DOU Taocun, HU Yuping, WANG Xingguo, WANG Qiang, LI Yongfeng, GUO Wei, TONG Haibing, QU Liang Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica    2025, 56 (10): 4903-4913.   DOI: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.10.012 Abstract （386）   HTML （6）    PDF（pc） （1955KB）（105）       Knowledge map    Save The aims of this study was to dissect the genetic architecture of body weight and age at the first egg. Phenotypic data were collected from an F2 segregation population of Dongxiang blue-shelled chickens and White Leghorn. The 1 534 hens in F2 generation were genotyped using 600K gene microarray. The SNPs data were quality cleaned. Missing data was imputed with BEAGLE software. SNPs associated with traits of onset of lay were obtained with single-step GWAS. Gene annotation and GO enrichment analysis were carried out on the significant SNPs to elucidate the biological roles of candidate genes. The body weight at first egg (BWFE) showed high levels of heritability. The heritability on BWFE ranged from 0.62 to 0.65. The age at first egg (AFE) showed moderate to high levels of heritability. The heritability on AFE ranged from 0.35 to 0.42. The genetic correlation coefficients between traits of onset of lay ranged from 0.24 to 0.37. There were one or more QTLs close to HTR2A or CAB39L on chromosome 1 that was significantly associated with the BWFE, which was supported by the additional 343 SNPs over the threshold of significant level. These QTL explained 11.74% and 9.34% of the phenotypic variance of BWFE, respectively. On chromosome 4, region close to NCAPGwas significantly associated with the BWFE, and reinforced by the additional 89 SNPs. The region explained 5.68% of the phenotypic variance. On chromosome 9, QTL was identified nearby the GPR149, and explained 1.33% of the phenotypic variance. Furthermore, QTL on AFE were identified near the STON2 gene on chromosome 5 and the PPM1L gene on chromosome 9, explaining 1.80% and 1.22% of the phenotypic variance of AFE, respectively. Single-step GWAS was used to detect the genetic structure of traits of onset of lay. Two novel QTL, mapped on 40 Mb of chromosome 5 and 22 Mb of chromosome 9, were identified with BWFE and AFE. GO enrichment analysis showed that the variations on BWFE were related to gonadal development, and the phenotypic variations on AFE was related to calcium ion transport. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Establishment and Application of Simulated Digestion Technique to Evaluate the Nutritional Values of Feedstuffs for Pig and Poultry XIE Jingjing, WANG Yuming, ZHAO Feng Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica    2026, 57 (1): 68-79.   DOI: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2026.01.007 Abstract （386）   HTML （1）    PDF（pc） （1272KB）（72）       Knowledge map    Save Feed accounts for 60% to 70% of costs in pig and poultry production. The technology of diversified diets with low protein and low soybean meal is critical to reduce feed costs and relieve the pressure on the supply of feed grains such as corn and soybean meal. Accurate nutritional values are the keystone to determine the substitutability of various feed ingredients and to formulate diversified diets with low protein and low soybean meal. To obtain accurate nutritional values for feedstuffs in practice， it is critical to establish dynamic nutritional value database for feed ingredients by developing precise and rapid evaluation technologies. Thereby， this article systemically discusses the importance and broad application of simulated digestion technique in nutritional evaluation for feedstuffs from three aspects： the principles of establishing nutritional values database for feed ingredients， the progress in simulated digestion technique for feedstuff evaluation， and the application of simulated digestion technique in feedstuff database establishment and substitutability determination. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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The Role of IGF-1 in Mammalian Follicular Development LIU Xuanjun, LI Yizhao, LIU Kaiyuan, CHEN Shanshan, FENG Haoyi, LI Xinjian, ZENG Shenming, YANG Feng Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica    2026, 57 (3): 1177-1186.   DOI: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2026.03.001 Abstract （373）   HTML （11）    PDF（pc） （2497KB）（220）       Knowledge map    Save During the estrous cycle of mammals， a large number of follicles are recruited. Typically， only one follicle is selected for dominance and ovulation in monotocous （single-offspring） species per cycle， while only a few follicles are selected for dominance in polytocous （multiple-offspring） species. The vast majority of the remaining follicles undergo atresia. In recent years， significant progress has been made in research focusing on follicular dominance selection， although the underlying mechanisms have not yet been fully elucidated. Insulin-like growth factor 1 （IGF-1） has been demonstrated to play a crucial role in follicular development. This review summarizes the roles and mechanisms of IGF-1 in mammalian follicular development， focusing on its involvement in dominant follicle selection， promotion of follicular growth and development， inhibition of granulosa cell apoptosis， and maintenance of normal reproductive performance in female mammals. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Effects of Inulin on Production, Immunity, Antioxidant Performance and Hormone Levels in Heat-stressed Dairy Cows HU Xiuzhen, ZHOU Mengting, ZHANG Fan, LIU Zihao, TANG Xiangfang, XIONG Benhai Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica    2025, 56 (10): 5018-5029.   DOI: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.10.022 Abstract （372）   HTML （1）    PDF（pc） （1348KB）（118）       Knowledge map    Save This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of inulin on production performance, immune response, antioxidant status and hormone levels of lactating dairy cows under heat stress. Twenty-four healthy, high-yield Holstein cows with similar body conditions were grouped in 4 blocks of 6 cows based on days in milk (DIM), milk yield and parity (n=6 in each group) using a completely randomized grouping design. Within each block, cows were randomly assigned to 1 of the 4 treatment groups: a control group without inulin supplementation (CON), and three groups receiving inulin at doses of 200, 300 and 400 g·d-1 (Inulin-2, Inulin-3 and Inulin-4). The trial period was 10 weeks, including 2 weeks of pre-feeding period and 8 weeks of formal trial period. The study was carried out during the hot summer, with an average temperature-humidity index (THI) greater than 68, indicating that the cows were experiencing heat stress. The results showed that feeding inulin had no significant effect on rectal temperature (RT) and respiratory rate (RR) of heat-stressed dairy cows (P>0.05). With the increase of inulin addition, the milk yield of dairy cows showed a quadratic increase trend, but the difference was not significant (0.05≤P < 0.1), while the milk yield of Inulin-3 and Inulin-4 groups were significantly higher than that of CON group (P < 0.05). With the increase of inulin feeding amount, serum creatinine concentration quadratic significantly decreased (P < 0.05), reached the lowest value in Inulin-3 group, and was significantly lower than that in CON group (P < 0.05). The concentration of serum interleukin (IL) - 1β quadratic significantly decreased (P < 0.05), and the lowest value was observed in Inulin-3 group, which was significantly lower than that in CON group (P < 0.05). The concentration of serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF) -α quadrtic decreased, but the difference was not significant (0.05≤P < 0.1), reaching the lowest value in Inulin-3 group, which was significantly lower than that in CON group (P < 0.05). The serum total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) showed a quadratic upward trend, but the difference was not significant (0.05≤P < 0.1), reached the highest value in the Inulin-3 group, and was significantly higher than that in the CON group (P < 0.05). In summary, dietary inulin supplementation can alleviate the heat stress of high-yielding dairy cows by improving immune performance, antioxidant status and hormone secretion, and can also increase milk yield and improve milk composition. For lactating cows experiencing heat stress, the recommended dose of inulin is 300 g·d-1. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Biosynthesis of Brucella Lipopolysaccharides and Their Biological Functions in Immune Evasion WANG Hengtai, JIANG Hui, LI Peng, DING Jiabo Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica    2025, 56 (10): 4863-4876.   DOI: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.10.009 Abstract （365）   HTML （3）    PDF（pc） （4586KB）（127）       Knowledge map    Save Brucellosis is a zoonotic bacterial disease caused by Brucella spp., which poses a serious threat to human health and the development of the livestock industry. Brucella is an intracellular pathogen, and its ability to evade the host's innate immune response and survive within host cells is a key aspect of its virulence. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is one of the major virulence factors encoded by Brucella. Compared to other Gram-negative bacteria, the main components, spatial structure, and linkage of Brucella LPS are distinct, which results in its unique low endotoxicity. Moreover, Brucella LPS plays a crucial role in helping the bacteria evade recognition by the host's immune system and in modulating immune responses. This review focuses on Brucella LPS, reviewing its unique structure, biosynthesis process, and immune evasion mechanisms, thereby laying the foundation for a comprehensive understanding of the biological functions of Brucella LPS. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Application of Metabolomics in Genetic Analysis of Important Economic Traits in Pigs GAO Zhimiao, NI Haihua, WANG Yanping, ZHAO Xueyan, LI Jingxuan, WANG Jiying, ZHANG Qin Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica    2025, 56 (10): 4787-4795.   DOI: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.10.003 Abstract （356）   HTML （3）    PDF（pc） （1193KB）（104）       Knowledge map    Save With the rapid development of omics technology, high-throughput detection technologies of omics at all levels are emerging. As a new research field rising in the late 20th century, metabolomics can not only identify and detect all metabolites in organisms, but also use advanced analysis technology and data processing platform to analyze the collected metabolite information in depth and comprehensively. It can not only comprehensively and dynamically monitor the metabolic changes in pigs during growth and development, but also provide a new method for the mechanism analysis of economic traits by combining multi-omics data. This paper mainly summarizes the latest progress of metabolomics in the study of important economic traits such as pig growth, meat quality, reproduction and disease resistance, and discusses its challenges and application prospects, so as to provide reference for the application of metabolomics in the study of important economic traits of pigs in the future. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）