荷斯坦牛产后首次发情表现性状遗传参数估计

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2024.11.022

Abstract

Abstract:

The study aimed to define first estrus expression traits after calving (FETs) of dairy cows based on information recorded by collars and to estimate their genetic parameters and relationships with other routine fertility traits. Data were collected from 35 519 Holstein cows across 8 farms in Ningxia from 2020 to 2023, comprising 272 589 811 high-throughput estrus records and 649 274 reproductive records. Three estrus expression traits were defined, including the duration of first estrus expression (DFE), the interval from calving to first estrus expression (ICE) and the mean of heat indicators of first estrus expression after calving (HIE). The GLM in SAS 9.2 was used to analyze the effects of various non-genetic factors on FETs, and the DMUAI module of DMU were used to estimate the genetic parameters of FETs by employing single-trait and multi-trait model. The averages for DFE, ICE, and HIE were 45.87 h, 80.25 au and 44.43 d, respectively. Parity, age at first service, day-night, farm, and year-season of calving had significant effects on all the 3 traits (P < 0.05). DFE was a trait with medium heritability (h²=0.139), while both ICE and HIE were low heritable traits (h² < 0.1). Medium to high genetic correlations were observed between FETs (0.179 to 0.722) and between FETs and fertility traits (0.146-0.766). The collars-based information enables accurate quantification and monitoring of estrus expression in dairy cows, addressing the limitations of traditional recording methods. The FETs obtained from collars-based information are heritable and combining them with fertility traits can provide a new insight to improve genetic selection of estrus efficiency and fertility performance.

Key words: cow, fertility traits, first estrus expression after calving, genetic parameters

CLC Number:

S823.2

Tongtong YANG, Hailiang ZHANG, Ao WANG, Yao CHANG, Shanshan LI, Jiahe GUO, Junxing ZHANG, Yuechuan HUANG, Liyun HAN, Yu WANG, Yachun WANG. Estimation of Genetic Parameters for First Estrus Expression Traits in Holstein Cattle[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2024, 55(11): 5050-5058.

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性状 Trait	数据量 N	平均值 Mean	标准差 SD	最小值 Min	最大值 Max	变异系数 CV/%
发情持续时间/h DFE	34 836	45.87	7.87	4	76	17.15
产犊至首次发情间隔/d ICE	34 836	44.43	17.28	22	90	38.89
发情指数/au HIE	34 836	80.25	13.37	36	97.33	16.66
首次配种受胎率/% CR	24 994	73.03	0.44	0	100	1.63
首末次配种间隔/d IFL	16 815	44.01	60.39	44	353	137.21
产犊间隔/d CI	19 679	389.10	61.74	262	852	15.86

效应 Effect	水平 Level	数据量 N	持续时间/h DFE	产犊至首次发情间隔/d ICE	发情指数/au HIE
胎次 Parity	1	12 343	45.95±0.08^a	49.42±0.18^a	80.07±0.14^b
	2	9 964	45.64±0.09^b	43.79±0.20^d	80.77±0.16^a
	3	6 828	45.32±0.11^c	44.87±0.23^c	79.59±0.18^b
	≥4	5 701	45.12±0.12^cd	45.74±0.24^b	78.15±0.20^c
首次配种日龄 AFS	275~405	7 691	45.65±0.09	46.20±0.18^a	79.82±0.15^a
	406~415	4 406	45.55±0.11	45.54±0.22^b	79.97±0.18^a
	416~425	4 060	45.46±0.12	45.50±0.25^b	79.56±0.20^ab
	426~786	5 426	45.36±0.10	46.57±0.21^a	79.24±0.17^bc
昼夜 Day-and-night	白天	15 828	46.32±0.08^a	46.72±0.17^a	79.45±0.14^b
昼夜 Day-and-night	夜间	19 008	44.70±0.08^b	45.19±0.16^b	79.84±0.13^a

性状 Trait	持续时间 DFE	产犊至首次发情间隔 ICE	发情指数 HIE
持续时间DFE	0.139±0.008	-0.067±0.107	0.722±0.095^*
产犊至首次发情间隔ICE	0.153±0.005^*	0.030±0.007	-0.335±0.094^*
发情指数HIE	0.545±0.004^*	0.179±0.005^*	0.043±0.008

性状 Trait	持续时间 DFE	产犊至首次发情间隔 ICE	发情指数 HIE
首次配种受胎率CR	0.766±0.262^*	-0.327±0.075^*	0.580±0.193^*
首末次配种间隔IFL	0.013±0.583	0.118±0.168	-0.642±0.298^*
产犊间隔CI	-0.124±0.065	0.188±0.042^*	-0.146±0.068^*

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Estimation of Genetic Parameters for First Estrus Expression Traits in Holstein Cattle

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