羟基酪醇对肉仔鸡生长性能、抗氧化能力和肠道炎性因子的影响

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2023.11.038

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 羟基酪醇是一种天然多酚类化合物,具有很强的抗氧化活性。本试验旨在研究饲粮添加羟基酪醇对肉仔鸡生长性能、器官指数、血清抗氧化功能、盲肠短链脂肪酸和肠道炎性因子表达的影响,以期为筛选可以替代抗生素的绿色饲料添加剂提供数据支撑。试验选取1日龄初始体重为(46.0±1.0)g的爱拔益加(AA)肉鸡126只,随机分为3组(每组6个重复,每个重复7只):对照组(CON)饲喂基础饲粮,试验组饲喂在基础日粮中分别添加了100 mg·kg^－1金霉素(ANT)以及500 mg·kg^－1羟基酪醇(HT)的试验饲粮,试验期21 d。试验过程中记录肉鸡的增重和采食情况,并于肉鸡21日龄时,从CON、ANT和 HT组的每个重复随机选取1只鸡屠宰采样,检测相关指标。结果表明:1)与CON比较,肉鸡21日龄 HT组和ANT组的终体重(BW)分别提高了3.70%和4.17%,但差异未达到显著水平。饲喂羟基酪醇的肉鸡ADFI为57.17 g,显著高于CON组和ANT组(P=0.007)。三组肉鸡的料重比数据具有差异趋势(P=0.069),分别为1.39(CON组)、1.34(ANT组)和1.48(HT组)。2)与CON组比较,HT组肉鸡血清的过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性显著升高(P<0.01),ANT和HT组总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)和总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性数值上增高,但是差异未达到统计显著水平;ANT组、HT组的丙二醛(MDA)含量均显著低于CON组(P<0.01)。3)与CON组和ANT组相比,添加HT显著降低空肠黏膜TLR4/NF-κB炎症反应通路中TLR-4蛋白的表达量(P<0.05)。添加HT均能不同程度地降低炎性因子IL-1β、IL-6和TGF-β的表达量(P<0.05)。TNF-α的表达量在HT和ANT组间没有显著性差异,但是均低于CON组(P<0.05)。4)试验分析了盲肠内容物中乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、异丁酸、戊酸、异戊酸等挥发性脂肪酸含量,三个处理组的以上挥发性脂肪酸含量在统计学水平差异并不显著(P＞0.05)。综上所述,羟基酪醇具有显著的抗氧化、抑炎作用,并通过此改善肉鸡的生长性能,其具体作用机制及在畜禽绿色健康养殖中的应用前景还需要进一步深入探讨。

关键词: 羟基酪醇, 肉仔鸡, 生长性能, 抗氧化, 炎性因子

Abstract: Hydroxytyrosol is a kind of natural polyphenolic compound with strong antioxidant activity. This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary hydroxytyrosol supplementation on growth performance, organ indexes, serum antioxidant performance, short-chain fatty acids, and intestinal inflammatory factors expression of broilers, in order to provide data support for the selection of green additives instead of antibiotics. A total of 126 1-day-old Arbor Acres (AA) broilers with the initial body weight of (46.0±1.0) g were randomly divided into 3 groups with 6 replicates per group and 7 broilers per replicate. Broilers in control group (CON) were fed normal basal diet, and those in experimental groups were fed experimental diets supplemented with 100 mg·kg^－1 aureomycin (ANT) and 500 mg·kg^－1 hydroxytyrosol (HT), respectively. The experiment lasted for 21 days. The weight gain and feeding consumption of broilers were recorded during the experiment. At 21 days of age, one broiler was randomly selected from each replicate of CON, ANT and HT groups for slaughter and sampling to detect the relevant indexes. The results showed as follows: 1) Compared with CON, BW of broilers in HT and ANT groups was increased by 3.70% and 4.17%, respectively, but the difference did not reach a significant level. The ADFI of broilers fed hydroxytyrosol was 57.17 g, which was significantly higher than that in CON and ANT groups (P=0.007). The data of feed to gain ratio of broilers in the three groups showed a different trend (P=0.069), and were 1.39 (CON group), 1.34 (ANT group) and 1.48 (HT group), respectively. 2) Compared with CON, the activity of catalase (CAT) was significantly increased (P<0.01) in serum of broilers in HT group. The total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) in serum of broilers in ANT and HT groups were numerically improved, but the differences were not statistically significant. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in ANT group and HT group was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.01). 3) Compared with CON and ANT groups, the supplementation of HT significantly decreased the expression level of TLR-4 transmembrane protein in the TLR4/NF-κB inflammatory response pathway in jejunum mucosa (P<0.05). Compared with CON group and ANT group, supplementation of HT could reduce the expression levels of cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-β at varying degrees (P<0.05),but the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine TGF-β was decreased(P<0.05). The expression level of TNF-α was not significantly different between HT and ANT groups, but were both significantly lower than that of CON group (P<0.05). 4) Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) such as acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, isobutyric acid, valerate acid, isovalerate acid in cecal digesta were analyzed. No statistically significant difference was found in the contents of these SCFA among three treatment groups. In conclusion, hydroxytyrosol has significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, which can improve the growth performance of broilers. Its specific mechanism and application prospects need further investigation.

Key words: hydroxytyrosol, broiler, growth performance, antioxidant, inflammatory factor

中图分类号:

S831.5

苏丹, 文晓宾, 马腾, 钟儒清, 王阳, 陈亮. 羟基酪醇对肉仔鸡生长性能、抗氧化能力和肠道炎性因子的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2023, 54(11): 4851-4859.

SU Dan, WEN Xiaobin, MA Teng, ZHONG Ruqing, WANG Yang, CHEN Liang. Effects of Hydroxytyrosol on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Capacity and Intestinal Inflammatory Factors in Broilers[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2023, 54(11): 4851-4859.

参考文献 24

[1]	KARKOVIĆ MARKOVIĆ A,TORIĆ J,BARBARIĆ M,et al.Hydroxytyrosol,tyrosol and derivatives and their potential effects on human health[J].Molecules,2019,24(10):2001.
[2]	SKLAVOS S,GATIDOU G,STASINAKIS A S,et al.Use of solar distillation for olive mill wastewater drying and recovery of polyphenolic compounds[J].J Environ Manage,2015,162:46-52.
[3]	罗成,陈明智,李艳.羟基酪醇的药理作用研究进展[J].中国药学杂志,2019,54(20):1642-1646.LUO C,CHEN M Z,LI Y.Progresses in pharmacological effects of hydroxytyrosol[J].Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal,2019,54(20):1642-1646.(in Chinese)
[4]	HAN H,ZHONG R Q,ZHOU Y X,et al.Hydroxytyrosol benefits boar semen quality via improving gut microbiota and blood metabolome[J].Front Nutr,2022,8:815922.
[5]	WANG M Y,ZHANG S F,ZHONG R Q,et al.Olive fruit extracts supplement improve antioxidant capacity via altering colonic microbiota composition in mice[J].Front Nutr,2021,8:645099.
[6]	HAN H,ZHONG R Q,ZHANG S F,et al.Hydroxytyrosol attenuates diquat-induced oxidative stress by activating Nrf2 pathway and modulating colonic microbiota in mice[J].J Nutr Biochem,2023,113:109256.
[7]	TANG S L,XIE J J,WU W D,et al.High ammonia exposure regulates lipid metabolism in the pig skeletal muscle via mTOR pathway[J].Sci Total Environ,2020,740:139917.
[8]	邓圣庭,王玉洁,刘霜莉,等.羟基酪醇的生理功能及其在畜禽生产中的应用潜力[J].动物营养学报,2020,32(5):2027-2036.DENG S T,WANG Y J,LIU S L,et al.Physiological function of hydroxytyrosol and its application prospect in animal production[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2020,32(5):2027-2036.(in Chinese)
[9]	王红亮,史慧贤,姜申德.羟基酪醇的研究进展[J].化工进展,2010,29(6):1133-1137.WANG H L,SHI H X,JIANG S D.Advances in hydroxytyrosol[J].Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress,2010,29(6):1133-1137.(in Chinese)
[10]	ROBLES-ALMAZAN M,PULIDO-MORAN M,MORENO-FERNANDEZ J,et al.Hydroxytyrosol:bioavailability,toxicity,and clinical applications[J].Food Res Int,2018,105:654-667.
[11]	LESKOVEC J,LEVART A,ŽGUR S,et al.Effects of olive leaf and marigold extracts on the utilization of nutrients and on bone mineralization using two different oil sources in broilers[J].J Poult Sci,2018,55(1):17-27.
[12]	LI Y,JIA P,YU F Z,et al.Establishment and characterization of a liver cell line,ALL,derived from yellowfin sea bream,Acanthopagrus latus,and its application to fish virology[J].J Fish Dis,2022,45(1):141-151.
[13]	VAZQUEZ-GOMEZ M,GARCIA-CONTRERAS C,TORRES-ROVIRA L,et al.Polyphenols and IUGR pregnancies:maternal hydroxytyrosol supplementation improves prenatal and early-postnatal growth and metabolism of the offspring[J].PLoS One,2017,12(5):e0177593.
[14]	ZHONG R Q,ADEOLA O.Energy values of solvent-extracted canola meal and expeller-derived canola meal for broiler chickens and growing pigs determined using the regression method[J].J Anim Sci,2019,97(8):3415-3425.
[15]	ECHEVERRÍA F,VALENZUELA R,BUSTAMANTE A,et al.High-fat diet induces mouse liver steatosis with a concomitant decline in energy metabolism:attenuation by eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) or hydroxytyrosol (HT) supplementation and the additive effects upon EPA and HT co-administration[J].Food Funct,2019,10(9):6170-6183.
[16]	RODRÍGUEZ-GUTIÉRREZ G,RUBIO-SENENT F,GÓMEZ-CARRETERO A,et al.Selenium and sulphur derivatives of hydroxytyrosol:inhibition of lipid peroxidation in liver microsomes of vitamin E-deficient rats[J].Eur J Nutr,2019,58(5):1847-1851.
[17]	WEN X B,TANG L X,ZHONG R Q,et al.Role of mitophagy in regulating intestinal oxidative damage[J].Antioxidants (Basel),2023,12(2):480.
[18]	CHEN M M,CAI W J,ZHAO S F,et al.Oxidative stress-related biomarkers in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid associated with chronic periodontitis:a systematic review and meta-analysis[J].J Clin Periodontol,2019,46(6):608-622.
[19]	SURAI P F,KOCHISH I I,FISININ V I,et al.Antioxidant defence systems and oxidative stress in poultry biology:an update[J].Antioxidants (Basel),2019,8(7):235.
[20]	BAYRAM B,OZCELIK B,GRIMM S,et al.A diet rich in olive oil phenolics reduces oxidative stress in the heart of SAMP8 mice by induction of Nrf2-dependent gene expression[J].Rejuvenation Res,2012,15(1):71-81.
[21]	MARTÍNEZ L,ROS G,NIETO G.Hydroxytyrosol:health benefits and use as functional ingredient in meat[J].Medicines (Basel),2018,5(1):13.
[22]	WANG N N,MA Y N,LIU Z Q,et al.Hydroxytyrosol prevents PM2.5-induced adiposity and insulin resistance by restraining oxidative stress related NF-κB pathway and modulation of gut microbiota in a murine model[J].Free Radic Biol Med,2019,141:393-407.
[23]	WANG F,LIU J,WENG T,et al.The inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide can be mitigated by short-chain fatty acid,butyrate,through upregulation of IL-10 in septic shock[J].Scand J Immunol,2017,85(4):258-263.
[24]	SHAN C L,MIAO F J.Immunomodulatory and antioxidant effects of hydroxytyrosol in cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed broilers[J].Poult Sci,2022,101(1):101516.