裂解性噬菌体对肉仔鸡感染肠炎沙门菌的治疗效果

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2024.03.042

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 旨在研究裂解性噬菌体S13-21对感染肠炎沙门菌肉仔鸡治疗效果及其对肉仔鸡生长性能、抗氧化能力、细胞因子及免疫球蛋白含量的影响。选用1日龄AA肉仔鸡72只，饲养至4日龄时随机分为4组，每组6个重复，每个重复3只鸡，即空白对照组（C）、沙门菌感染组（S）、噬菌体治疗组（S+P）和抗生素治疗组（S+A）。采用腹腔注射方式对S组、S+P组和S+A组肉仔鸡感染沙门菌，攻毒剂量为200 μL·只^－1（1.0×10⁹ CFU·mL^－1），6 h后对S+P组和S+A组肉仔鸡进行治疗，按腹腔注射方式噬菌体剂量1 mL·只^－1（1.0×10¹² PFU·mL^－1），抗生素剂量200 μL·只^－1（硫酸庆大霉素，800 IU·只^－1），连续治疗7 d，间隔12 h，治疗结束后第5天按重复称重并从每组随机选取6只屠宰取样。结果表明：1）试验结束时，S组肉仔鸡存活率仅为59%，与C组相比，体重极显著降低（P<0.01），脾重量增加但是差异不显著（P>0.05），血清和各组织T-SOD和GSH-Px活性极显著下降（P<0.01），MDA和细胞因子含量极显著增加（P<0.01）。2）与S组相比，S+P组肉仔鸡存活率提高25%以上，回肠和盲肠沙门菌载菌量极显著下降（P<0.01），除回肠部分指标外，血清和其余各组织中抗氧化指标、细胞因子和免疫球蛋白含量与S组相比差异显著（P<0.05）。综上所述，肉仔鸡感染肠炎沙门菌可破坏肠道黏膜屏障，造成生长受阻、组织损伤及全身性炎症反应，通过噬菌体治疗可专一性清除机体肠炎沙门菌感染，显著提高机体抗氧化能力和肠道黏膜屏障，缓解氧化应激和炎症反应，具有较强的保护作用，在一定程度上能够提高存活率，恢复肉仔鸡生长。

关键词: 噬菌体, 肉仔鸡, 肠炎沙门菌, 治疗效果

Abstract: The present study was designed to investigate the therapeutic effect of lytic bacteriophage S13-21 on broilers infected with Salmonella enteritidis, as well as its effect on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, and cytokine and immunoglobulin content. Total of 72 1-day-old AA broilers were randomly distributed into 4 groups with 6 replicates per group and 3 chickens per replicate, namely blank control group (C), Salmonella infection group (S), phage treatment group (S+P) and antibiotic treatment group (S+A). The broilers in groups S, S+P and S+A were infected with Salmonella enteritidis by intraperitoneal injection, and the challenge dose was 200 μL per broiler (1.0×10⁹ CFU·mL^-1). Six hours later, the chickens in groups S+P and S+A were treated by intraperitoneal injection with phage dose of 1 mL per broiler (1.0×10¹² PFU·mL^-1) and antibiotic dose of 200 μL per broiler (gentamicin sulfate, 800 IU per broiler). The treatment lasted for 7 days with an interval of 12 hours. On the fifth day after treatment, broilers were weighed by repetition, and 6 chickens were randomly selected from each group for slaughter. The results showed that:1) At the end of the experiment, the survival rate of broilers in group S was only 59%, compared with group C, the body weight was significantly decreased (P<0.01), and spleen weight increased but the difference was not significant (P>0.05). The activities of T-SOD and GSH-Px in serum and other tissues were extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01), MDA and immunoglobulin content were extremely significantly increased (P<0.01). 2) Compared with group S, the survival rate of broilers in group S+P was increased by more than 25%, and the bacterial load of Salmonella in ileum and cecum were extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01). The contents of antioxidant indexes, cytokines and immunoglobulin in serum and other tissues (except some indexes in ileum) were significantly different from those in S group (P<0.05). In conclusion, Salmonella enteritidis can damage the intestinal mucosal barrier of broilers, resulting in growth retardation, tissue damage and systemic inflammatory response. Phage therapy can specifically eliminate Salmonella enteritidis infection, significantly improve the antioxidant capacity and intestinal mucosal barrier, relieve oxidative stress and inflammatory response, and has a strong protective effect. To a certain extent, it can improve the survival rate and restore the growth of chickens.

Key words: phage, broiler chicken, Salmonella enteritidis, therapeutic effect

中图分类号:

S858.315.1

郑琳, 魏炳栋, 滑峰, 陈龙, 丁媛. 裂解性噬菌体对肉仔鸡感染肠炎沙门菌的治疗效果[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2024, 55(3): 1314-1327.

ZHENG Lin, WEI Bingdong, HUA Feng, CHEN Long, DING Yuan. Therapeutic Effect of Lytic Phage on Salmonella enteritidis Infection in Broilers[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2024, 55(3): 1314-1327.

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