CRISPR/Cas9系统在家畜生殖细胞中的研究进展

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.02.001

Abstract

Abstract:

Germ cells are crucial for transmitting genetic material in living organisms and are vital for livestock breeding. The increasing demand for livestock products promoted the development of precision breeding techniques. Recent advancements in gene-editing have significantly improved the effect of genetic enhancement and disease treatment, highlighting the importance of integrating this technology into livestock germ cell research. The research on CRISPR/Cas9 and CRISPR/Cas12 has gained significant prominence compared to other gene-editing technologies. CRISPR/Cas has led to breakthroughs in various applications, and these systems are increasingly recognized as potential methods for species improvement. In this review, two types of CRISPR/Cas systems and CRISPR/Cas9 applications in livestock germ cells were analyzed. A concise overview of the developmental processes of germ cells in livestock was provided, elucidating the principles, composition, and derivative techniques associated with CRISPR/Cas9 and CRISPR/Cas12, and the implementation of CRISPR/Cas9 systems in livestock germ cells was discussed. Furthermore, the current review anticipate the extensive application of gene-editing techniques in this domain, aiming to offer a valuable reference for future research in the field of gene editing in livestock.

Key words: gene-editing technology, CRISPR/Cas9 system, CRISPR/Cas12 system, livestock germ cells

CLC Number:

S814

XIE Yaru, JIN Haoyan, KONG Chen, CAI Bei, ZHANG Lingkai. Research Progress of CRISPR/Cas9 System in Livestock Germ Cells[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2025, 56(2): 479-491.

Figures/Tables 2

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类别Category	构成Constitute	类型Type	子类型Subtype
Class Ⅰ	由多个Cas蛋白组成	Ⅰ型	Ⅰ-A、Ⅰ-B、Ⅰ-C、Ⅰ-D、Ⅰ-E等
		Ⅲ型	Ⅲ-A、Ⅲ-B、Ⅲ-C、Ⅲ-D、Ⅲ-E、Ⅲ-F
		Ⅳ型	Ⅳ-A、Ⅳ-B、Ⅳ-C
Class Ⅱ	由单个、多结构域crRNA结合蛋白组成	Ⅱ型	Ⅱ-A、Ⅱ-B、Ⅱ-C1、Ⅱ-C2
		Ⅴ型	Ⅴ-A、Ⅴ-B1、Ⅴ-B2、Ⅴ-C、Ⅴ-D等
		Ⅵ型	Ⅵ-A、Ⅵ-B1、Ⅵ-B2、Ⅵ-C、Ⅵ-D

项目Item	CRISPR/Cas9	CRISPR/Cas12a	CRISPR/Cas12b	CRISPR/Cas12f
切割条件 Cutting condition	Cas蛋白、crRNA、tracrRNA、PAM序列	Cas蛋白、crRNA、PAM序列	Cas蛋白、crRNA、tracrRNA、PAM序列	Cas蛋白、crRNA、tracrRNA、PAM序列
结构域 Structural domain	Ruv-C、HNH结构域	Ruv-C、NUC等结构域	Ruv-C结构域	Ruv-C结构域
多位点编辑效率 Multi-site editing efficiency	低	最高	较高	高
切割后末端类型 End type after cutting	平性末端	黏性末端	远端交错末端	黏性末端
编辑替换效率 Edit replacement efficiency	低	最高	较高	高
RNase Ⅲ	需要	不需要	不需要	不需要
介导靶向DNA Mediated targeting DNA	crRNA和tracrRNA共同介导的核酸酶	单一crRNA介导的核酸内切酶	crRNA和tracrRNA共同介导的核酸酶	crRNA和tracrRNA共同介导的核酸酶

[1]	LI Zhaolong, ZHANG Huifang, FENG Zhihua, FANG Zhou. Therapeutic Effect of Recombinant Adeno-Associated Virus Carrying CRISPR/Cas9 on Pseudorabies Virus-infected Mice [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2022, 53(3): 834-846.
[2]	WANG Wei-wei，LIU Rui-qi，WU Yong-yan，YANG Yan-ge，WANG Yong-sheng，QING Su-zhu. The Progress of CRISPR/Cas9 System and Its Application in Animal Genetic Engineering [J]. ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA, 2016, 47(7): 1299-1305.

Research Progress of CRISPR/Cas9 System in Livestock Germ Cells

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