热应激导致奶牛胚胎质量下降的机制及解决措施

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2023.03.002

畜牧兽医学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (3): 868-876.doi: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2023.03.002

热应激导致奶牛胚胎质量下降的机制及解决措施

冯肖艺^1,2, 杨柏高¹, 郝海生¹, 杜卫华¹, 朱化彬¹, 崔凯^2*, 赵学明^1*

1. 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所, 北京 100193;
2. 青岛农业大学动物科技学院, 青岛 266000

收稿日期:2022-08-30 出版日期:2023-03-23 发布日期:2023-03-21
通讯作者: 赵学明,主要从事家畜胚胎生物技术研究,E-mail:zhaoxueming@caas.cn;崔凯,主要从事动物遗传育种与繁殖学研究,E-mail:qdndcuikai@163.com
作者简介:冯肖艺(1999-)，女，山东济南人，硕士生，主要从事动物繁殖研究，E-mail：17806257712@163.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划政府间重点专项(2022YFE0100200)；国家自然科学基金国际合作项目(32161143032)；国家自然基金面上项目(31972568)；农业农村部和财政部资助：现代农业产业技术体系资助(CARS-36)；北京市自然基金面上项目(6202027)；河北省农业科技成果转化资金项目(21626604D)；河北省农业高质量发展关键共性技术攻关专项(21326608D)；国家家养动物种质资源库；中国农业科学院科技创新工程(ASTIP-IAS06)

Mechanism and Solution of Heat Stress Induced Embryo Quality Decline in Dairy Cows

FENG Xiaoyi^1,2, YANG Baigao¹, HAO Haisheng¹, DU Weihua¹, ZHU Huabin¹, CUI Kai^2*, ZHAO Xueming^1*

1. Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China;
2. College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266000, China

Received:2022-08-30 Online:2023-03-23 Published:2023-03-21

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 乳制品是人们生活中补充优质蛋白质的重要来源，其营养价值极高，对身体健康益处多多。日益增长的乳制品消费需求给奶业生产带来了机遇和挑战，提高奶牛的生产效率已成为研究热点。然而，现代奶业生产面临诸多困境，如夏季高温导致奶牛热应激，造成奶牛繁殖力下降。奶牛热应激对胚胎质量具有不利影响，包括胚胎细胞周期进程和细胞存活，导致胚胎质量下降，生产效率降低。此外，表观遗传修饰异常是奶牛热应激影响胚胎质量的另一机制，主要包括组蛋白修饰异常和DNA甲基化异常。大量研究表明，恢复细胞线粒体功能和使用褪黑素可以有效缓解热应激对胚胎的不良影响。因此，本文概述了热应激导致胚胎表观遗传修饰异常从而导致胚胎质量下降的机制，以及通过线粒体移植和褪黑素处理来缓解热应激以提高胚胎质量的两种解决措施，从而有利于提高奶牛的生产效率，以期为降低热应激对畜牧业造成的损失提供参考。

关键词: 热应激, 奶牛, 胚胎质量, 机制, 解决措施

Abstract: Dairy products are an important source of high quality protein supplement in people’s lives, with high nutritional value and many health benefits. The increasing consumer demand for dairy products has brought opportunities and challenges to dairy production, and improving the productivity of dairy cows has become a hot research topic. However, modern dairy production faces many dilemmas, such as heat stress in dairy cows due to high summer temperatures, resulting in reduced fertility. Heat stress in dairy cows has adverse effects on embryo quality, including embryonic cell cycle progression and cell survival, resulting in lower embryo quality and reduced productivity. In addition, abnormal epigenetic modifications are another mechanism by which heat stress in cows affects embryo quality, mainly including abnormal histone modifications and abnormal DNA methylation. Numerous studies have shown that restoration of cellular mitochondrial function and the use of melatonin can effectively mitigate the adverse effects of heat stress on embryos. Therefore, this paper outlines the mechanisms by which heat stress leads to abnormal epigenetic modifications in embryos and thus decreases embryo quality, and two solutions to mitigate heat stress by mitochondrial transplantation and melatonin treatment to improve embryo quality, thus contributing to improve the productivity of dairy cows, with the aim of providing a reference for reducing the losses caused by heat stress in animal husbandry.

Key words: heat stress, dairy cows, embryo quality, mechanism, solution

中图分类号:

S823.3

冯肖艺, 杨柏高, 郝海生, 杜卫华, 朱化彬, 崔凯, 赵学明. 热应激导致奶牛胚胎质量下降的机制及解决措施[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2023, 54(3): 868-876.

FENG Xiaoyi, YANG Baigao, HAO Haisheng, DU Weihua, ZHU Huabin, CUI Kai, ZHAO Xueming. Mechanism and Solution of Heat Stress Induced Embryo Quality Decline in Dairy Cows[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2023, 54(3): 868-876.

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热应激导致奶牛胚胎质量下降的机制及解决措施

Mechanism and Solution of Heat Stress Induced Embryo Quality Decline in Dairy Cows

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