中国荷斯坦牛繁殖性状的基因型与环境互作

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2024.09.021

Abstract

Abstract:

This study aimed to estimate the genetic parameters of fertility traits in different regions, and to test the effect of genotype by environment interactions (G×E) across regions. The raw fertility data were collected from 2 064 Holstein dairy farms in 6 regions of China, including records from 2005 to 2022. A total of 1 787 590 and 2 476 422 phenotypic records were derived from the raw data for age at first calving (AFC), and calving interval (CI). Meanwhile, these phenotypes data were quality controlled and separated into different datasets for subsequent analysis. The statistical models used in this study were all incorporated in the airemlf90 module of BLUPF90. Univariate animal (and repeatability) models were used for estimating genetic parameters for these 2 traits in 6 regions, while bivariate animal (and repeatability) models were used to estimate genetic correlations between the regions, which are the indicators of G×E. The results indicated that the proposed quality control steps could filter abnormal phenotypes records. The heritabilities of AFC were relatively high and varied across regions (0.06-0.40), whereas the heritabilities of CI were low but remained similar across regions (0.02-0.04). Significant G×E effect (P<0.05) was observed across most of the regions for both traits. In conclusion, the genetic parameters of the same fertility trait varied across the regions in China, and significant G×E effect was detected for the trait in partial regions. Therefore, it is highly recommended to consider the impacts of regional difference and G×E effect on genetic advance when breeding for fertility traits of dairy cattle in China.

Key words: dairy cows, fertility traits, genetic parameters, genotype by environment interaction

CLC Number:

Rui SHI, Shanshan LI, Hailiang ZHANG, Haibo LU, Qingxia YAN, Yi ZHANG, Shaohu CHEN, Yachun WANG. Genotype by Environment Interaction of Fertility Traits for the Holstein Cattle in China[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2024, 55(9): 3968-3977.

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地区 Region	记录数 Records	原始数据 Raw data		质控后数据 Quality controlled data		质控后保留率/% Percentages of controlled data on raw data
地区 Region	记录数 Records	AFC	CI	AFC	CI	AFC	CI
北京	表型	165 553	240 501	136 708	209 581	82.6	87.1
BJ	牧场	127	123	63	68	49.6	55.3
天津	表型	130 568	183 190	103 187	167 552	79.0	91.5
TJ	牧场	79	74	48	52	60.8	70.3
上海	表型	152 323	222 228	134 443	186 699	88.3	84.0
SH	牧场	179	161	92	91	51.4	56.5
河北	表型	636 594	822 939	528 678	606 294	83.0	73.7
HB	牧场	600	564	343	264	57.2	46.8
河南	表型	329 679	494 981	141 607	438 628	43.0	88.6
HN	牧场	413	401	217	283	52.5	70.6
山东	表型	372 873	512 583	252 990	455 075	67.8	88.8
SD	牧场	462	436	45	222	9.7	50.9
总和	表型	1 787 590	2 476 422	1 297 613	2 063 829	72.6	83.3
Sum	牧场	1 860	1 759	808	980	43.4	55.7

地区 Region	性状 Trait	表型均值 Mean	标准差 Standard deviation	加性遗传方差 σ_a²	永久环境方差 σ_pe²	残差方差 σ_e²	遗传力 (标准误) h² (standard error)	重复力 (标准误) r² (standard error)
北京	AFC	767.77	86.67	1 077.40		3 891.40	0.22 (0.007)
BJ	CI	398.81	66.69	94.14	197.07	3 800.60	0.02 (0.002)	0.07 (0.003)
天津	AFC	747.56	84.92	981.06		2 996.10	0.25 (0.009)
TJ	CI	398.00	66.99	79.55	231.09	3 781.90	0.02 (0.003)	0.08 (0.003)
上海	AFC	767.87	73.44	242.41		3 820.40	0.06 (0.006)
SH	CI	404.80	66.77	72.05	204.42	3 501.60	0.02 (0.002)	0.07 (0.003)
河北	AFC	768.32	103.80	2 366.40		3 619.70	0.40 (0.005)
HB	CI	387.60	63.14	141.34	110.41	3 131.00	0.04 (0.003)	0.07 (0.002)
河南	AFC	779.36	102.94	1 144.00		4 215.80	0.21 (0.006)
HN	CI	390.68	60.27	74.02	85.35	2 304.90	0.03 (0.003)	0.06 (0.002)
山东	AFC	733.02	73.88	836.32		1 790.00	0.32 (0.009)
SD	CI	389.94	64.56	93.49	101.72	3 253.60	0.03 (0.002)	0.06 (0.002)
所有数据	AFC	765.06	95.70	1 425.40		3 661.00	0.28 (0.003)
Sum	CI	392.31	64.12	73.53	155.92	3 137.90	0.02 (0.001)	0.07 (0.001)

地区 Region	北京 BJ	天津 TJ	上海 SH	河北 HB	河南 HN	山东 SD
北京 BJ		0.862 (0.109)^∧	0.954 (0.054)^∧	0.580 (0.080)	0.420 (0.107)	0.600 (0.089)
天津 TJ	0.091 (0.080)^#		0.789 (0.109)	0.561 (0.110)	0.262 (0.135)^#	0.794 (0.080)
上海 SH	0.271 (0.099)	0.073 (0.098)^#		0.693 (0.098)	0.298 (0.130)	0.543 (0.103)
河北 HB	0.199 (0.043)	-0.149 (0.055)	0.099 (0.070)^#		0.189 (0.090)	0.551 (0.069)
河南 HN	0.071 (0.062)^#	-0.043 (0.065)^#	-0.040 (0.087)^#	0.079 (0.040)		0.250 (0.091)
山东 SD	0.042 (0.072)^#	0.342 (0.054)	0.122 (0.100)^#	-0.016 (0.048)^#	-0.092 (0.061)^#

地区 Region	北京 BJ	天津 TJ	上海 SH	河北 HB	河南 HN	山东 SD
北京 BJ		38.22	36.29	31.75	24.44	26.50
天津 TJ	35.71		30.82	49.79	39.22	47.22
上海 SH	32.73	28.35		44.55	37.89	43.83
河北 HB	36.15	52.75	46.46		41.50	36.94
河南 HN	23.08	38.51	37.55	43.26		36.40
山东 SD	28.53	30.99	25.25	52.32	36.36

地区 Region	北京 BJ	天津 TJ	上海 SH	河北 HB	河南 HN	山东 SD
北京 BJ		0.998 (0.057)^∧	0.865 (0.130)^∧	0.573 (0.096)	0.402 (0.120)	0.784 (0.085)
天津 TJ	0.196 (0.138)		0.930 (0.084)^∧	0.436 (0.171)	0.288 (0.154)^#	0.919 (0.082)^∧
上海 SH	0.573 (0.163)	0.157 (0.128)^#		0.782 (0.119)	0.336 (0.143)	0.528 (0.129)
河北 HB	0.025 (0.071)^#	0.002 (0.105)^#	0.161 (0.064)		0.307 (0.110)	0.607 (0.088)
河南 HN	0.055 (0.094)^#	0.122 (0.106)^#	-0.014 (0.078)^#	0.072 (0.046)^#		0.323 (0.102)
山东 SD	0.104 (0.126)^#	0.043 (0.141)^#	0.311 (0.072)	0.093 (0.055)^#	0.034 (0.077)^#

Genotype by Environment Interaction of Fertility Traits for the Holstein Cattle in China

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