肢体成角畸形马驹及其母马的血液生理生化、炎性因子和激素变化研究

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2024.12.046

Abstract

Abstract:

The aim of the study is to investigate the incidence rate of Angular Limb Deformities (ALDs) in newborn foals, to compare the differences of blood physio-biochemistry, the inflammatory factors and the hormones in ALDs foals and their mares with the normal counterparts. Four hundred and sixty newborn foals at the age of 2-28 days were clinically surveyed, the ALDs foals were diagnosed by clinical observation combined with the X-ray imaging. The blood physio-biochemical indices, the inflammatory factors, and the hormones in ALDs foals and their mares were measured in the comparison with those in their normal counterparts. The results showed that 30 newborn foals were found with limb abnormalities, accounting for 6.52% of all investigated foals, in which 16 foals were diagnosed as ALD suffers, and accounting for 53% of all limb abnormality foals. The incidence rate of ALDs was 3.48%. The monocytes and eosinophils of ALDs foals were significantly higher than those of normal foals, and the average red blood cell volume and average red blood cell hemoglobin content of ALDs mares were significantly higher than those of normal mares. The blood calcium, blood phosphorus, blood glucose, creatinine, and magnesium levels of ALDs foals were significantly lower than those of normal foals, while alkaline phosphatase, total protein, and albumin were significantly higher than those of normal foals; the blood calcium, Serum phosphorus, blood sugar, total bilirubin, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and magnesium levels were significantly lower than those of normal mares, while aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and albumin were significantly higher than those of normal mares. The levels of tumor necrosis factor and interleukin 6 in ALDs mares were significantly higher than those in normal mares, while the levels of interleukin 10 were significantly lower than those in normal mares. The levels of parathyroid hormone and 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in ALDs foals were significantly higher than those in normal foals. There were no significant changes in the remaining indicators. Our study has ascertained the current incidence of ALDs in newborn foals in Zhaosu Count, Xinjiang. That the significant changes in calcium, phosphorus, blood lipid metabolism, and the specific hormone in ALDs foals and their mares compared with normal controls are closely associated with the newborn foal' bone development abnormalities and the occurrence of ALDs. This study provides blood physiological and biochemical data support for revealing the cause of ALDs, and has important clinical reference value for the early auxiliary diagnosis of ALDs.

Key words: newborn foals, angular limb deformities, blood physio-biochemistry, inflammatory factors, hormones

CLC Number:

S857.31

LIU Yigang, MA Yuhui, FENG Qi, MA Xuelian, LI Na, SUN Yawei, YU Weihao, YAO Gang. The Changes of Blood Physio-biochemistry, Inflammatory and Hormone Factors in the Angular Limb Deformity Foals and Their Mares[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2024, 55(12): 5854-5865.

Figures/Tables 8

Table 1

Fig. 1

Table 2

The results of blood physiological indices (${\bar x}$±s)"

测定指标 Items	正常马驹(n=33) Normal foals	ALDs马驹(n=16) ALDs foals	正常母马(n=33) Normal mares	ALDs母马(n=16) ALDs mares	参考范围^[15] Reference range
白细胞/(10⁹·L^-1) WBC	9.48±6.97	13.3±6.32	14.68±5.82	13.33±7.07	5.20~10.10
中性粒细胞/(10⁹·L^-1) Neu	6.95±5.16	8.84±5.33	8.60±3.88	8.25±5.36	2.70~6.60
淋巴细胞/(10⁹·L^-1) Lymph	2.18±1.59	3.73±4.77	4.66±2.33	4.02±1.88	1.20~4.90
单核细胞/(10⁹·L^-1) Mon	0.34±0.46^a	0.64±0.44^a	0.75±0.47	0.52±0.39	0.00~0.60
嗜酸性粒细胞/(10⁹·L^-1) Eos	0.01±0.02^A	0.06±0.07^A	0.64±0.63	0.50±0.69	0.00~1.20
嗜碱性粒细胞/(10⁹·L^-1) Bas	0±0	0.03±0.07	0.04±0.04	0.03±0.03	0.00~0.20
中性粒细胞百分比/% Neu	72.05±9.71	68.00±23.63	58.51±10.88	57.78±13.76	36.00~79.00
淋巴细胞百分比/% Lymph	24.35±9.49	26.94±23.46	31.76±9.98	33.86±12.04	18.00~55.00
单核细胞百分比/% Mon	3.45±3.95	4.52±2.25	5.63±4.10	4.78±4.45	0.00~7.00
嗜酸性粒细胞百分比/% Eos	0.13±0.19^a	0.40±0.43^a	3.84±3.05	3.29±2.86	0.00~16.00
嗜碱性粒细胞百分比/% Bas	0.01±0.03^a	0.14±0.29^a	0.25±0.18	0.28±0.30	0.00~3.00
红细胞/(10¹²·L^-1) RBC	8.07±4.10	9.33±5.63	9.42±4.41	8.06±3.14	6.60~9.70
血红蛋白/(g·L^-1) HGB	109.30±56.1	122.20±70.36	156.00±71.69	138.70±50.52	118.00~159.00
红细胞压积/% HCT	30.61±15.23	33.74±17.92	42.65±18.83	38.22±13.74	34.00~46.00
平均红细胞体积 MCV(fL)	38.20±2.59	38.10±5.12	45.82±3.42^b	47.98±2.30^b	43.00~55.00
平均红细胞血红蛋白含量/pg MCH	13.60±1.11	14.03±2.88	16.65±1.06^b	17.35±0.72^b	15.00~20.00
平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度/(g·L^-1) MCHC	356.10±13.15	367.90±48.96	363.80±9.73	361.70±9.36	340.00~370.00
红细胞分布宽度/%CV RDW-CV	23.04±2.49^a	25.73±5.59^a	22.22±0.72	22.18±0.58	16.30~19.30
红细胞分布宽度/fL SD RDW-SD	31.62±2.53	35.48±10.00	36.68±1.97^b	38.08±1.43^b	—
血小板数目/(10⁹·L^-1)PLT	326±459.60	285.10±157.5	131.2±64.17	168.5±81.29	94.00~232.00
平均血小板体积/fL MPV	6.98±1.43	7.19±2.38	7.21±0.75	7.22±1.02	5.30~8.40
血小板分布宽度/fL PDW	15.13±1.30	15.41±1.39	15.45±0.39	15.36±0.25	—
血小板压积/% PCT	0.16±0.05	0.23±0.22	0.10±0.05	0.12±0.070	—

Table 2

Fig. 2

Table 3

The results of blood biochemical indices (${\bar x}$±s)"

项目 Items	正常马驹 (n=33) Normal foals	ALDs马驹 (n=16) ALDs foals	正常母马 (n=33) Normal mares	ALDs母马 (n=16) ALDs mares	参考范围^[15] Reference range
钙/(mmol·L^-1) Ca	2.36±0.64^A	1.49±0.70^A	2.61±0.24^B	2.15±0.30^B	2.70~3.23
无机磷/(mmol·L^-1) P	1.73±1.60^A	0.52±0.38^A	1.10±0.84^b	0.63±0.43^b	0.67~1.50
葡萄糖/(mmol·L^-1) Glu	6.84±2.56^a	5.18±2.64^a	3.60±2.09^B	2.26±1.39^B	3.90~6.71
总胆红素/(μmol·L^-1) T-Bil	45.68±26.18	33.23±19.48	33.41±21.06^B	17.84±10.14^B	8.55~35.91
丙氨酸氨基转移酶/(U·L^-1) ALT	11.17±6.30	12.74±8.24	6.75±4.36	6.77±4.01	5.00~50.00
天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶/(U·L^-1) AST	201.07±97.81	223.26±108.21	281.22±67.81^B	344.14±31.99^B	100.00~600.00
碱性磷酸酶/(U·L^-1) ALP	222.67±56.07^A	543.70±228.73^A	212.96±50.47^B	304.94±104.98^B	10.00~326.00
总蛋白/(g·L^-1) TP	69.50±6.57^A	87.93±6.21^A	68.62±7.26	69.39±22.03	56.00~79.00
甘油三酯/(mmol·L^-1) TG	0.26±0.19	0.38±0.24	0.34±0.18^B	0.06±0.09^B	0.16~0.73
总胆固醇/(mmol·L^-1) TC	5.10±2.13	6.27±2.79	2.81±1.24^B	1.90±0.43^B	1.94~3.79
肌酐/(μmol·L^-1) CREA	95.24±30.49^A	75.00±16.05^A	85.83±21.92	80.04±23.03	70.72~132.60
尿酸/(μmol·L^-1) UA	6.70±4.67	8.00±9.8	9.72±6.99	8.38±7.17	—
尿素/(mmol·L^-1) UREA	6.05±2.62	4.60±1.89	9.01±5.16	8.03±2.44	3.60~8.90
镁/(mmol·L^-1) Mg	0.84±0.25^a	0.73±0.13^a	0.86±0.12^b	0.77±0.14^b	0.60~0.95
白蛋白/(g·L^-1) ALB	15.63±15.43^A	25.10±6.37^A	15.79±17.61^B	33.27±6.43^B	25.00~39.00
肌酸激酶/(U·L^-1) CK	383.87±245.14	459.08±534.07	423.05±251.64	466.43±294.55	171.00~567.00
乳酸脱氢酶/(U·L^-1) LDH	788.00±323.14	795.46±265.47	612.19±148.60	600.63±167.06	218.00~555.00
低密度脂蛋白胆固醇/(mmol·L^-1) LDL-C	3.31±1.59	4.00±2.52	0.73±0.60^B	0.36±0.14^B	—
高密度脂蛋白胆固醇/(mmol·L^-1) HDL-C	1.06±0.32^a	1.42±0.54^a	1.68±0.51^b	1.42±0.27^b	—
α-淀粉酶/(U·L^-1) α-AMY	2.10±1.80	2.76±2.42	1.56±0.97	2.32±2.31	—

Table 3

Fig. 3

Table 4

Fig. 4

References 45

1	AUER J A , VON RECHENBERG B . Treatment of angular limb deformities in foals[J]. Clin Tech Equine Pract, 2006, 5 (4): 270- 281. doi: 10.1053/j.ctep.2006.09.001
2	ROSE R J, HODGSON D R. 马兽医手册[M]. 汤小朋, 齐长明. 译. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2008.
	ROSE R J, HODGSON D R. Manual of equine practice[M]. TANG X P, QI C M. Translators. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2008. (in Chinese)
3	CARON J P . Angular limb deformities in foals[J]. Equine Vet J, 1988, 20 (3): 225- 228. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1988.tb01508.x
4	GREET T . Angular and flexural limb deformities in foals and yearlings[J]. Vet Nurs J, 2015, 30 (12): 352- 355. doi: 10.1080/17415349.2015.1101358
5	TRUMBLE T N . Orthopedic disorders in neonatal foals[J]. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract, 2005, 21 (2): 357- 385. doi: 10.1016/j.cveq.2005.04.008
6	BRAMLAGE L R , AUER J A . Diagnosis, assessment, and treatment strategies for angular limb deformities in the foal[J]. Clin Tech Equine Pract, 2006, 5 (4): 259- 269. doi: 10.1053/j.ctep.2006.09.002
7	BERG E L , MCNAMARA D L , KEISLER D H . Endocrine profiles of periparturient mares and their foals[J]. J Anim Sci, 2007, 85 (7): 1660- 1668. doi: 10.2527/jas.2006-771
8	AOKI T , ISHII M . Hematological and biochemical profiles in peripartum mares and neonatal foals (heavy draft horse)[J]. J Equine Vet Sci, 2012, 32 (3): 170- 176. doi: 10.1016/j.jevs.2011.08.015
9	里克·L·考埃尔, 罗纳德·D·泰勒. 马血液与细胞诊断学[M]. 姚刚, 高洪, 翟少华, 译. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2019.
	COWELL R L, TYLER R D. Diagnostic cytology and hematology of the horse[M]. YAO G, GAO H, ZHAI S H. Translators. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2019. (in Chinese)
10	VUCKOVIC D , BAO E L , AKBARI P , et al. The polygenic and monogenic basis of blood traits and diseases[J]. Cell, 2020, 182 (5): 1214- 1231. e11. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.08.008
11	ASHRAF W M , OMRY A M , ISMAIL H M , et al. Biochemical parameters of blood cows at hight and low temperatures[J]. Int J Trend Sci Res Dev, 2018, 2 (4): 63- 67.
12	POLLI M , CAGGIANO N , PERRONE G , et al. Variación del nivel de citoquinas en líquido sinovial de equinos con enfermedad articular tratados con bisfosfonatos[J]. Rev Complut Cienc Vet, 2013, 7 (1): 69- 83.
13	HEMBERG E , KINDAHL H , LUNDEHEIM N , et al. Relationships between early foal health, future performance and their dams reproductive health[J]. Reprod Domest Anim, 2010, 45 (5): 817- 820.
14	SMITH L . Treatment of angular limb deformities in foals[J]. In Practice, 2010, 32 (4): 156- 162. doi: 10.1136/inp.c1435
15	Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine. Chemistry (CoBAS)[EB/OL]. (2017-11-20)[2024-02-19]. https://www.vet.cornell.edu/animal-health-diagnostic-center/laboratories/clinical-pathology/reference-intervals/chemistry.
16	SMITH L . Angular limb deformities in foals: a clinical review[J]. Livestock, 2015, 20 (2): 111- 117. doi: 10.12968/live.2015.20.2.111
17	PEUGNET P , ROBLES M , MENDOZA L , et al. Effects of moderate amounts of barley in late pregnancy on growth, glucose metabolism and osteoarticular status of pre-weaning horses[J]. PLoS ONE, 2015, 10 (4): e0122596. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122596
18	MCCARREL T M . Angular limb deformities: Growth retardation[J]. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract, 2017, 33 (2): 353- 366. doi: 10.1016/j.cveq.2017.03.006
19	BAYDILLI Y Y , ATILA Ü . Classification of white blood cells using capsule networks[J]. Comput Med Imaging Graph, 2020, 80, 101699. doi: 10.1016/j.compmedimag.2020.101699
20	沈忠军, 汪敏, 李峣, 等. 血液管理在骨科围手术期的应用进展[J]. 临床血液学杂志, 2024, 37 (2): 141- 146.
	SHEN Z J , WANG M , LI Y , et al. Advances in perioperative use of blood transfusion in orthopedics[J]. Journal of Clinical Hematology, 2024, 37 (2): 141- 146.
21	BURGOS-ACEVES M A , LIONETTI L , FAGGIO C . Multidisciplinary haematology as prognostic device in environmental and xenobiotic stress-induced response in fish[J]. Sci Total Environ, 2019, 670, 1170- 1183. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.275
22	VIEIRA G S A , PALUDO G R , RAMOS A F , et al. Fetal development and blood hematological-biochemical parameters in Campeiro and Pantaneiro foals[J]. Anim Reprod, 2018, 15 (1): 39- 44.
23	母晓佳, 李大彪, 孙梅, 等. 葡萄糖和泌乳相关激素组合添加对奶牛乳腺上皮细胞酪蛋白合成的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2022, 34 (9): 6072- 6087.
	MU X J , LI D B , SUN M , et al. Effects of combination of glucose and lactation related hormones on casein synthesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2022, 34 (9): 6072- 6087.
24	周思思. 血清ALT、AST及GGT检测用于诊断肝脏疾病的临床观察及其系统评价[J]. 医药界, 2020, (5): 151.
	ZHOU S S . Clinical observation and systematic review of serum ALT, AST and GGT detection for the diagnosis of liver diseases[J]. Pharmaceutical Industry, 2020, (5): 151.
25	CAGNASSO F , BORRELLI A , BOTTERO E , et al. Comparative evaluation of peripheral blood neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, serum albumin to globulin ratio and serum C-reactive protein to albumin ratio in dogs with inflammatory protein-losing enteropathy and healthy dogs[J]. Animals (Basel), 2023, 13 (3): 484.
26	BENTON M C , LEA R A , MACARTNEY-COXSON D , et al. Serum bilirubin concentration is modified by UGT1A1 haplotypes and influences risk of type-2 diabetes in the Norfolk Island genetic isolate[J]. BMC Genet, 2015, 16, 136.
27	CHIN Y Y , FRAGA F J R , BACK P J , et al. The dynamics of energy supply and demand of foaling mares managed at pasture: a deterministic modelling approach[J]. Anim Prod Sci, 2020, 60 (18): 2122- 2130.
28	贾群娣, 王鹏, 张玉飞, 等. 西藏高海拔地区藏族人群骨量异常与血脂指标变化的相关性研究[J]. 现代预防医学, 2023, 50 (18): 3305-3309, 3315.
	JIA Q D , WANG P , ZHANG Y F , et al. Correlational study between abnormal bone mass and changes in blood lipid indicators in Tibetan population at plateau, Tibet[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2023, 50 (18): 3305-3309, 3315.
29	AUCLAIR-RONZAUD J , JAFFRÉZIC F , WIMEL L , et al. Estimation of milk production in suckling mares and factors influencing their milk yield[J]. Animal, 2022, 16 (4): 100498.
30	DERISOUD E , AUCLAIR-RONZAUD J , ROUSSEAU-RALLIARD D , et al. Maternal age, parity and nursing status at fertilization affects postpartum lactation up to weaning in horses[J]. J Equine Vet Sci, 2023, 128, 104868.
31	CHINNAPPAN R , MIR T A , ALSALAMEH S , et al. Low-cost point-of-care monitoring of ALT and AST is promising for faster decision making and diagnosis of acute liver injury[J]. Diagnostics (Basel), 2023, 13 (18): 2967.
32	BOBE G , YOUNG J W , BEITZ D C . Invited review: pathology, etiology, prevention, and treatment of fatty liver in dairy cows[J]. J Dairy Sci, 2004, 87 (10): 3105- 3124.
33	CANNALIRE G , PILLONI S , ESPOSITO S , et al. Alkaline phosphatase in clinical practice in childhood: Focus on rickets[J]. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne), 2023, 14, 1111445.
34	KOVES I H, NESS K D, NIP A S Y, et al. 95-Disorders of calcium and phosphorus metabolism[M]//GLEASON C A, JUUL S E. Avery's Diseases of the Newborn. 10th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier, 2018: 1333-1350. e4.
35	SAX L . The institute of medicine's "dietary reference intake" for phosphorus: a critical perspective[J]. J Am Coll Nutr, 2001, 20 (4): 271- 278.
36	NASCIUTTI N R , GARCIA F G , DA SILVA E S M , et al. Energy and mineral metabolism of peripartum mares and foals of the Quarter Horse breed[J]. Vet Clin Pathol, 2021, 50 (4): 535- 542.
37	PHIRI E C J H , NKYA R , PEREKA A E , et al. The effects of calcium, phosphorus and zinc supplementation on reproductive performance of crossbred dairy cows in Tanzania[J]. Trop Anim Health Prod, 2007, 39 (5): 317- 323.
38	MÅRTENSSON K , CHRYSIS D , SÄVENDAHL L . Interleukin-1β and TNF-α act in synergy to inhibit longitudinal growth in fetal rat metatarsal bones[J]. J Bone Miner Res, 2004, 19 (11): 1805- 1812.
39	JONES B . Inflammation. Fetal bone growth directly and locally impaired by IL-6[J]. Nat Rev Rheumatol, 2013, 9 (9) 505.
40	HUEY K A , MCCUSKER R H , KELLEY K W . Exaggerated expression of skeletal muscle-derived interleukin-6, but not TNFα, in mice lacking interleukin-10[J]. J Neuroimmunol, 2008, 199 (1-2): 56- 62.
41	ROBLES M , NOUVEAU E , GAUTIER C , et al. Maternal obesity increases insulin resistance, low-grade inflammation and osteochondrosis lesions in foals and yearlings until 18 months of age[J]. PLoS ONE, 2018, 13 (1): e0190309.
42	SELLARES V L , TORREGROSA V . Changes in mineral metabolism in stage 3, 4, and 5 chronic kidney disease (not on dialysis)[J]. Nefrologia, 2008, 28 (S3): 67- 78.
43	孔伟林, 寿奎均. 维生素D对家禽的营养研究进展[J]. 饲料博览, 2014, (11): 24- 26.
	KONG W L , SHOU K J . Research advances on nutrition of vitamin D[J]. Feed Review, 2014, (11): 24- 26.
44	MARTIN T J , SIMS N A . Calcitonin physiology, saved by a lysophospholipid[J]. J Bone Miner Res, 2015, 30 (2): 212- 215.
45	FINDLING J W , ADAMS N D , LEMANN J Jr , et al. Vitamin D metabolites and parathyroid hormone in Cushing's syndrome: relationship to calcium and phosphorus homeostasis[J]. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 1982, 54 (5): 1039- 1044.

马驹信息 Foals information		发病数 Incidence number	调查总数 Total number surveyed	发病率/% Incidence rate
品种 Breed	伊犁马 Yili horse	3	60	5.00
	纯血马 Thoroughbred horse	3	46	6.52
	杂交马 Hybrid horse	10	354	2.82
性别 Gender	公 Male	9	219	4.11
性别 Gender	母 Female	7	241	2.90
畸形部位 Deformed position	腕关节 Wrist joint	7	460	1.52
	跗关节 Tarsal joint	4	460	0.87
	球节 Fetlock joint	5	460	1.09

项目 Items	正常马驹 (n=33) Normal foals	ALDs马驹 (n=16) ALDs foals	正常母马 (n=33) Normal mares	ALDs母马 (n=16) ALDs mares
肿瘤坏死因子α TNF-α	39.11±14.06	39.44±16.5	52.33±11.77^B	73.93±9.59^B
白细胞介素6 IL-6	41.20±5.17	43.31±5.65	47.84±8.16^B	54.75±6.07^B
白细胞介素10 IL-10	102.62±11.02	101.05±8.41	97.63±12.45^b	89.89±3.75^b
甲状旁腺激素 PTH	66.39±5.97^a	70.83±7.13^a	60.01±6.61	60.25±6.24
1, 25-二羟基维生素 D₃ 1, 25-(OH)₂D₃	759.54±78.32^A	848.77±73.61^A	725.43±64.63	730.17±54.97
降钙素 CT	94.98±16.10	92.78±13.94	77.16±12.55	70.92±11.69

[1]	SUN Wenli, WANG Haoqi, ZE Licuo, GAO Yufan, ZHANG Feifan, ZHANG Jian, DUAN Mengqi, SHANG Peng, QIANG Bayangzong. Polymorphism of Pro-Inflammatory Factors (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) in Tibetan Pigs and Its Association Analysis with Immune Traits [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2024, 55(5): 1958-1969.
[2]	Congying YU, Jinhua WU, Bingzhou ZHONG, Haiquan ZHAO, Shuwen TAN, Hui YU, Hua LI. Analysis of Whole Transcriptome Characteristics of the Hermaphroditic Pig's Pituitary Gland [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2024, 55(11): 4925-4937.
[3]	Xiaoxiu ZHAN, Pengyu LIU, Xiao'e XIANG, Shengyong MAO, Wei JIN. Effects of Methanomassiliicoccus DZ1 on Serum Trimethylamine-N-oxide and Inflammatory Factors, Liver Antioxidant Capacity and Cecum Microbiota in Mice [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2024, 55(10): 4679-4689.
[4]	DU Haidong, NA Renhua. Research Progress on Physiological Metabolism and Microbial Changes of Ruminants During Gestation and Lactation and Their Effects on Offspring Development [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2023, 54(11): 4458-4467.
[5]	GUO Dawei, HOU Silu, CHI Yujia, YU Feike, YU Xiaohan, DENG Qian, XIAO Chuanming, LIU Xiaoye, DONG Hong. Clinical Research of Qiying Decoction and Zigan Decoction on Promoting Reproductive Performance of Sows and Growth Performance of Weaned Piglets [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2022, 53(6): 1994-2004.
[6]	LI Yu, DUAN Chunhui, SONG Zhipan, YUE Sicong, WANG Yuan, ZHANG Yingjie, LIU Yueqin. Effects of PGF2α on Reproductive Hormones and Related Cytokines during Luteal Phase in Ewes [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2022, 53(6): 1807-1818.
[7]	WANG Lei, HE Lina, TANG Xue, LI Bijun, HUANG Siyi, WANG Yukun, XU Dejun, ZHAO Zhongquan. Effects of miR-495-3p on Ovarian Granulosa Cell Functions in Goat [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2022, 53(2): 436-446.
[8]	LIU Jiayi, WANG Fuzheng, WANG Chengzhi, DU Peng, ZHANG Mingyue, CHEN Siqi, ZHU Jiaxin, SUN Xu, WU Gaofeng, YANG Jiancheng. Evaluation of the Effect of Hypoallergenic Pet Core Material on Food-borne Allergic Mice [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2022, 53(12): 4439-4449.
[9]	REN Yuwei, WANG Feng, WANG Cheng, ZHANG Yan, SUN Ruiping, LIU Hailong, QIAO Chuanmin, XING Manping, HUANG Lili, CAO Zongxi, CHAO Zhe. The Whole-Genome Selection Signature Differences between Wuzhishan Pig and Duroc Pig [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2022, 53(12): 4172-4182.
[10]	ZHAO Juan, LI Lixuan, CHEN Wenmin, XIAO Jinlong, ZHONG Tao. Effects of Levothyroxine (L-T₄) by Gavage on DIO3 Expression in Mice Placenta and Embryo Number [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2022, 53(1): 122-131.
[11]	MA Tianying, LI Yilin, DONG Xinyue, SI Rongrong, BAI Xue, WANG Zixu, CHEN Yaoxing, CAO Jing. Food Intake and Hypothalamic Energy Balance [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2021, 52(7): 1789-1799.
[12]	ZHANG Keshan, GAO Guangliang, LI Qin, ZHAO Xianzhi, LI Jing, WANG Qigui. The Function of NPFFR1 on Hormone Secretion and Apoptosis of Follicle Granulosa Cell in Geese [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2021, 52(10): 2822-2831.
[13]	LUO Fang, ZHANG Meng, LI Yachao, CHEN Yonghong, TAO Jinzhong. Factors Associated with Early Embryo Loss in Dairy Cows [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2020, 51(5): 907-913.
[14]	YU Qingqing, ZHONG Gaolong, WAN Fang, NING Zhijun, WU Shaofeng, JIANG Xuanxuan, TANG Zhaoxin, HE Ying, HU Lianmei. Effects of High Copper on Inflammatory Factors and Cell Proliferation in Rat Kidney Cells [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2020, 51(11): 2849-2857.
[15]	XIE Chen, LI Yan-jiao, LI Jiao-long, ZHANG Lin, GAO Feng, ZHOU Guang-hong. Effect of Dietary Starch Types on Intestinal Digestion and Metabolism of Finishing Pigs [J]. ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA, 2017, 48(12): 2337-2346.

The Changes of Blood Physio-biochemistry, Inflammatory and Hormone Factors in the Angular Limb Deformity Foals and Their Mares

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 8

References 45

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments