Abstract: As the most common gastrointestinal nematode disease in ruminants, Haemonchus contortus disease has brought significant economic losses to the farming industry, and the parasite has long developed serious resistance to the commonly used anthelmintic drug ivermectin, which has brought some obstacles to the prevention and treatment of the disease. In the research progress of resistance to ivermectin in Haemonchus contortus, three possible resistance mechanisms have been reported, which are targeting GABA-gated Cl^- channels, decreasing the frequency of glutamate-gated Cl^- opening, and binding to exocytosis transporter proteins. With the development of science and technology, regulatory non-coding RNAs (miRNAs and lncRNAs) have been reported in drug resistance studies in different organisms, and miRNAs and lncRNAs have been found to be associated with resistance mechanisms such as P-glycosylated transporter proteins, cytochrome P450 and GABA-gated Cl^- channels. However, this non-coding RNA is rare in the study of Haemonchus contortus resistance to ivermectin, so to break through the resistance problem, the non-coding RNA should be correlated with the reported possible resistance mechanisms, and in-depth study should be conducted to find out the key resistance targets. In this paper, we mainly summarize the research progress related to the mechanism of resistance to ivermectin in this disease, which will provide new ideas for the subsequent in-depth study of drug resistance.

Key words: Haemonchus contortus, ivermectin, drug resistance, non-coding RNA