Abstract: Rumen microorganisms are known as the "hidden organs" of ruminants, closely involved in the acquisition of host nutrients and the maintenance of physiological health; To date, metagenomic sequencing has identified nearly 5 800 genomes in the rumen, but more than 90% of the microorganisms have not been cultured and remain in the "biological information black box"^[1]. Culturomics is a culture method that uses multiple culture conditions combined with high-throughput sequencing technology to identify strains. The application of high-throughput and parallel culturomics techniques to rumen microorganisms provides a new perspective for studying the function of key strains and their interactions with the host at the strain level. At present, however, research into the application of culturomics to rumen microorganisms is still limited and at an early stage. In this review, the characteristics of rumen microorganisms, culturomics technology and its application status in rumen microbial culture, as well as the challenges faced, have been reviewed to provide ideas for continuously optimizing and standardizing culturomics research programs, expanding the cultivable strain resources in the rumen, and accelerating the cracking of the rumen biological information black box.

Key words: ruminant, rumen, microorganisms, culturomics