m6A修饰调控miRNAs影响细胞能量代谢的研究进展

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2026.01.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

N6-甲基腺嘌呤（N6-methyladenosine，m⁶A）修饰和微RNAs（microRNAs，miRNAs）是基因表达调控的重要因子，在细胞的能量代谢中发挥着关键作用。m⁶A修饰通过调节RNA的稳定性、剪接、翻译等过程参与了多种生理和病理进程。miRNAs作为一种小分子RNAs，通过靶向调节基因的表达，直接影响细胞的代谢途径。m⁶A修饰介导miRNAs在细胞能量代谢中具有重要意义，特别是在糖酵解、线粒体功能等代谢过程中起着关键的调节作用。通过讨论m⁶A修饰对miRNAs的调控作用及其对能量代谢的影响，本文详细阐述m⁶A修饰通过调控miRNAs影响细胞能量代谢的机制，揭示了m⁶A修饰调控的miRNAs作为调节细胞能量代谢靶点的可能性，旨在为调控动物生长发育和治疗能量代谢相关疾病提供一定的理论参考。

关键词: m⁶A修饰, miRNAs, 能量代谢, 线粒体

Abstract:

N6-methyladenosine （m⁶A） modification and microRNAs （miRNAs） are important factors in gene expression regulation， playing a crucial role in cellular energy metabolism. m⁶A modification participates in various physiological and pathological processes by regulating RNA stability， splicing and translation. miRNAs， as a class of small molecule RNAs， directly affect cellular metabolic pathways by targeting and regulating gene expression. The m⁶A modification-mediated regulation of miRNAs plays a pivotal role in cellular energy metabolism， especially in regulating metabolic processes such as glycolysis and mitochondrial function. By discussing the regulatory effect of m⁶A modification on miRNAs and its impact on energy metabolism， this review elaborating in detail on the mechanism by which m⁶A modification affects cellular energy metabolism by regulating miRNAs， and reveals the possibility of m⁶A modified miRNAs as targets for regulating cellular energy metabolism， in order to provide a theoretical reference for regulating animal growth and development and treating energy metabolism-related diseases.

Key words: m⁶A modification, miRNAs, energy metabolism, mitochondria

中图分类号:

S852.21

邓雯心, 李怡涵, 王倩, 朱娆希, 李函亭, 张姣姣. m⁶A修饰调控miRNAs影响细胞能量代谢的研究进展[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2026, 57(1): 80-95.

DENG Wenxin, LI Yihan, WANG Qian, ZHU Raoxi, LI Hanting, ZHANG Jiaojiao. Research Progress on m⁶A Modification Regulation of miRNAs Affecting Cellular Energy Metabolism[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2026, 57(1): 80-95.

图/表 4

图1

表1

m6A修饰在调节能量代谢中的作用"

m⁶A调控因子 m⁶A regulators	m⁶A中的角色 Roles in m⁶A	机制 Mechanism	功能 Function	参考文献 Reference
METTL3	Writer	ACLY-SLC25A1	影响牙髓干细胞糖酵解	［38］
METTL3↓	Writer	Bcl-2↓，Bax↑，Caspaes-3↑	促进肺癌细胞的线粒体凋亡	［8］
METTL3↓	Writer	mTORC1↓	抑制肝癌细胞的糖酵解	［39］
METTL3	Writer	Wnt/β-catenin/c-Myc	促进成骨细胞的ATP合成	［66］
METTL3↑	Writer	HK2↑	促进子宫颈癌细胞的糖酵解	［67］
METTL3	Writer	lncRNA SNHG7/SRSF1/c-Myc	促进前列腺癌细胞的糖酵解	［68］
METTL14↑	Writer	GLUT3↑	促进成骨细胞的糖酵解	［42］
METTL14↑	Writer	AMPK↑	促进子宫颈癌细胞的糖酵解	［69］
WTAP↑	Writer	HK2↑	促进胃癌细胞的糖酵解	［43］
KIAA1429	Writer	lncRNA LINC00958/GLUT1	促进胃癌细胞的糖酵解	［44］
FTO↑	Eraser	FOXO1↑	影响2型糖尿病葡萄糖代谢	［48，50］
FTO↑	Eraser	G6PC↑	影响2型糖尿病葡萄糖代谢	［48］
FTO↓	Eraser	ATG16L1↑	抑制半月板细胞的ATP合成	［51］
FTO↑	Eraser	GLUT1-PKM2↑	促进肝癌细胞的糖酵解	［52］
FTO	Eraser	LINK-A/MCM3/HIF-1α	促进食管鳞状细胞癌细胞的糖酵解	［70］
ALKBH5↓	Eraser	PI3K/AKT↑	促进急性髓系白血病细胞能量代谢	［53］
ALKBH5↓	Eraser	CK2α↑	促进膀胱癌细胞的ATP合成	［54⁃55］
ALKBH5↓	Eraser	circNPIP1/miR-541-5P/PKM2↑	促进甲状腺乳头状癌细胞的糖酵解	［56］
ALKBH5↓	Eraser	circNPIP1/miR-3064-5P/PKM2↑	促进甲状腺乳头状癌细胞的糖酵解	［56］
YTHDF1	Reader	GLS1	促进结肠癌细胞的三羧酸循环	［58］
YTHDF1	Reader	LDHA	促进结肠癌细胞的糖酵解	［59］
YTHDF1	Reader	ENO1	促进肺腺癌细胞的糖酵解	［71］
YTHDF2	Reader	LATS1	促进乳腺癌细胞的糖酵解	［60］
YTHDF3	Reader	PFKL	促进肝癌细胞的糖酵解	［61］
YTHDC1	Reader	PTEN/PI3K/AKT	影响膀胱癌细胞代谢	［72］
IGF2BP1	Reader	LDHA	促进肾癌细胞的糖酵解	［65］
IGF2BP2	Reader	ACLY	影响牙髓干细胞的糖酵解	［38］
IGF2BP2/3	Reader	SLC25A1	影响牙髓干细胞的糖酵解	［38］
IGF2BP2	Reader	MYC	促进子宫颈癌细胞的糖酵解	［73］

表1

表2

图2

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miRNA名称 miRNA name	靶基因通路 Target gene pathway	功能 Function	参考文献 Reference
miR-494-3p↑	PGC1-α↓	抑制脂肪细胞的能量代谢	［74］
miR-125a↑	HK2↓	抑制肝癌细胞的糖酵解	［75］
miR-125a↓	MFN2↑	抑制胰腺癌细胞的线粒体分裂	［76］
miR-125b↑	HK2↓	降低心肌细胞的糖代谢速率	［77］
miR-214↓	PTEN/AKT/mTOR/HK2↓	抑制非小细胞肺癌细胞的糖酵解	［78］
miR-214↓	PTEN/AKT/mTOR/PKM2↓	抑制非小细胞肺癌细胞的糖酵解	［78］
miR-150	SLC2A4/GLUT4	减弱心肌细胞的葡萄糖摄取	［79］
miR-223↑	GLUT4↑	增强心肌细胞的葡萄糖摄取	［80］
miR-34a-5p↑	LDHA↓，HK2↓，PKM2↓	抑制多囊卵巢综合征细胞的糖酵解	［81］
miR-486-5p↑	有丝分裂基因A相关激酶2↓	抑制结肠癌细胞的糖酵解	［82］
miR-195↑	Sirtuin 3/丙酮酸脱氢酶-ATP合酶↓	抑制心肌细胞有氧代谢及ATP合成	［83］
miR-152，miR-494，miR-19a	HIF-1α/柠檬酸合酶	影响肿瘤细胞的三羧酸循环	［84］

m⁶A修饰调控miRNAs影响细胞能量代谢的研究进展

Research Progress on m⁶A Modification Regulation of miRNAs Affecting Cellular Energy Metabolism

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