江苏地区荷斯坦成母牛长寿性状遗传参数估计

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2024.03.016

畜牧兽医学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (3): 1030-1039.doi: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2024.03.016

江苏地区荷斯坦成母牛长寿性状遗传参数估计

夏淑雯^1,2,3, 陈坤琳^1,2,3, 沈阳阳^1,2,3, 安振江^1,2,3,4, 赵芳^1,2,3, 丁强^1,2,3, 仲跻峰^1,2,3, 林志平^5*, 王慧利^1,2,3*

1. 江苏省农业科学院畜牧研究所, 南京 210014;
2. 江苏省畜禽精准育种工程研究中心, 南京 210014;
3. 农业农村部种养结合重点实验室, 南京 210014;
4. 南京农业大学动物科技学院, 南京 210095;
5. 江苏优源奶业产业研究院有限公司, 南京 211100

收稿日期:2023-09-08 出版日期:2024-03-23 发布日期:2024-03-27
通讯作者: 王慧利,主要从事奶牛繁殖与育种研究,E-mail:wanghuili318@163.com;林志平,主要从事奶牛养殖研究,E-mail:linzp@wgdairy.com.cn
作者简介:夏淑雯(1990-),女,安徽怀宁人,助理研究员,博士,主要从事数量遗传学研究,E-mail:shuwen.xia@jaas.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金（32102525）

The Estimation of Genetic Parameters for Longevity Traits of Holstein Cows in Jiangsu Region

XIA Shuwen^1,2,3, CHEN Kunlin^1,2,3, SHEN Yangyang^1,2,3, AN Zhenjiang^1,2,3,4, ZHAO Fang^1,2,3, DING Qiang^1,2,3, ZHONG Jifeng^1,2,3, LIN Zhiping^5*, WANG Huili^1,2,3*

1. Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China;
2. Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Precision Animal Breeding, Nanjing 210014, China;
3. Key Laboratory of Crop and Animal Integrated Farming of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210014, China;
4. College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;
5. Youyuan Research Institute of Dairy Industry Co. Ltd., Nanjing 211100, China

Received:2023-09-08 Online:2024-03-23 Published:2024-03-27

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 旨在估计荷斯坦成母牛长寿性状遗传参数及评估育种值，为提高生产性能及实施平衡育种提供参考。本研究共收集江苏地区9个规模化牧场2017—2023年间19 756头荷斯坦成母牛的离群记录，分析牛只的长寿性和淘汰情况。利用R软件的GLM程序对影响奶牛长寿性状的固定效应（包括牧场、出生年季、头胎产犊月龄）进行显著性检验；采用BLUPF90软件进行遗传参数估计以及育种值评估，并绘制遗传趋势图。结果表明：江苏地区规模化牧场成母牛平均在群寿命为1 640.87 d，生产寿命为917.15 d，平均利用胎次为2.60胎；长寿性状遗传力估计值变化范围为0.07~0.15，属低遗传力性状；7个长寿性状（在群天数、生产寿命、利用胎次和L1-L4）间均具有中等到较高的遗传和表型相关（0.27~0.99），其中在群寿命与生产寿命的相关性趋近于1；通过计算长寿性状的育种值，绘制遗传趋势图，发现近年来长寿性状遗传进展缓慢且整体呈下降趋势。本研究对江苏地区规模化牧场成母牛长寿性状进行了系统的遗传分析，可为制定南方地区奶牛长寿性状育种规划提供参考。

关键词: 荷斯坦牛, 长寿性状, 遗传力, 遗传相关, 育种值

Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the genetic parameters of longevity traits of Holstein cows and provide insights for improving production performance and implementing balanced breeding. The culling records for 19 756 Holstein cows from 9 large-scale dairy farms in Jiangsu during year 2017 to 2023 were collected, and the longevity and elimination situation of cows was analyzed. The significance test for fixed effects including factors like farms, birth year, birth season and age at first calving was conducted using the GLM program in R software. The variance components and calculated heritability for longevity traits were estimated in BLUPF90. The breeding values for longevity traits of Holstein cattle in Jiangsu were evaluated and the genetic trend was depicted. The results showed that the average herd life of adult cows in large-scale farms in Jiangsu was 1 640.87 d, the production life was 917.15 d, and the average culling parity was 2.60. The longevity traits were found to had relatively low heritability, ranging from 0.07 to 0.15. The genetic and phenotypic correlations between these 7 longevity traits (herd life, production life, culling parity, L1-L4) exhibited moderate to high correlations, ranging from 0.27 to 0.99. Notably, the correlation between herd life and productive life was closer to 1. Moreover, the genetic trend for longevity traits was assessed through breeding values, and which had shown a deceleration in recent years, indicating a reduced rate of genetic improvement. This study systematically analyzed the genetic variation for longevity traits using data from 9 large-scale farms in Jiangsu. These findings can provide insights for the genetic evaluation and making breeding decisions for longevity traits in the future.

Key words: Holstein cows, longevity trait, heritability, genetic correlation, breeding value

中图分类号:

S823.2

夏淑雯, 陈坤琳, 沈阳阳, 安振江, 赵芳, 丁强, 仲跻峰, 林志平, 王慧利. 江苏地区荷斯坦成母牛长寿性状遗传参数估计[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2024, 55(3): 1030-1039.

XIA Shuwen, CHEN Kunlin, SHEN Yangyang, AN Zhenjiang, ZHAO Fang, DING Qiang, ZHONG Jifeng, LIN Zhiping, WANG Huili. The Estimation of Genetic Parameters for Longevity Traits of Holstein Cows in Jiangsu Region[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2024, 55(3): 1030-1039.

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江苏地区荷斯坦成母牛长寿性状遗传参数估计

The Estimation of Genetic Parameters for Longevity Traits of Holstein Cows in Jiangsu Region

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