我国荷斯坦青年公牛基因组选择效果分析

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2021.06.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本研究基于我国荷斯坦奶牛基因组遗传评估和生产性能测定（DHI）结果，旨在分析我国荷斯坦公牛基因组选择的效果。选择1 686头既有基因组遗传评估成绩又有后裔测定成绩的荷斯坦公牛，利用2019年12月基因组遗传评估结果及其女儿的产奶和体型性状数据，通过R软件与Excel计算公牛基因组评估结果与公牛女儿表型数据间的相关性，对我国荷斯坦青年公牛基因组选择效果进行分析。相关性分析结果表明，荷斯坦公牛的基因组性能指数（GCPI）与后裔测定性能指数（CPI）呈正相关（r_s>0.3），其中产奶量和体细胞评分的基因组育种值（GEBV）与估计育种值（EBV）呈较强的正相关（0.4 < r_s < 0.8）。对公牛女儿表型数据分析结果表明，女儿产奶量、乳蛋白率、乳脂率与肢蹄评分的表型值与公牛GEBV分组趋势一致，且公牛不同产奶性状GEBV组间的女儿性状表型值大部分达到极显著差异（P<0.01）；北京及上海地区公牛产奶性状、体细胞评分和肢蹄评分的GEBV分组与女儿表型值趋势较其他省市（地区）更一致，且GEBV高组与低组之间差值均高于其他省市（地区）。基于1 686头荷斯坦公牛基因组选择及其女儿表型数据的分析结果表明，我国荷斯坦公牛的基因组遗传评估准确性较好，其中产奶量、乳蛋白率、体细胞评分和肢蹄评分的表型数据更好地反映了基因组选择的效果；北京及上海地区较其他省市（地区）更能反映我国荷斯坦公牛基因组选择的效果。

关键词: 中国荷斯坦牛, 遗传评估, 后裔测定, 基因组选择, 女儿表型值

Abstract: Based on the results of genome genetic evaluation and dairy herd improvement (DHI) data of Holstein cows in China, this study aimed to validate the effects of genomic selection of Holstein bulls in China. Based on the genomic evaluation results of 1 686 bulls calculated in December 2019 and their daughters' phenotypic values of milk production and type traits, by using R software and Excel, the correlation between genomic estimated breeding values (GEBVs) and progeny testing results was analyzed, and the daughters' phenotypic values among the different groups for GEBVs was compared. The correlation analysis results showed that the genomic China performance index (GCPI) values of Holstein young bulls were positively correlated with the China performance index (CPI) values of progeny (r_s>0.3). Highly positive correlations (0.4 < r_s < 0.8) between the GEBVs and EBVs for milk yield and somatic cell score (SCS) were observed. Analysis of the daughter's phenotype data showed that the trends of daughters' phenotypic values in milk yield, milk protein percentage, milk fat percentage and feet and legs score were consistent with the GEBVs grouping of bulls, the phenotypic values of daughters of the most traits were significantly different among the GEBV groups of bulls (P<0.01). The trends between GEBV grouping of bulls and phenotypic values of daughter for milk yield, SCS and feet and legs score in Beijing and Shanghai regions were more consistent than that in other provinces, the differences between the highest and lowest GEBV groups in Beijing and Shanghai regions were higher than those in other regions. Based on the genomic selection results of 1 686 Holstein bulls and the phenotypic data of their daughters, it was found that the genomic selection of Holstein young bulls in China was effective, in which the phenotypic data of milk yield, milk protein percentage, SCS and feet and legs score better presented the effects of genomic selection. The data from Beijing and Shanghai regions can better reflect the effects of genomic selection than that from other provinces, likely due to their better performance testing data.

Key words: Chinese Holstein cattle, genetic evaluation, progeny testing, genomic selection, phenotypic data of daughters

中图分类号:

S823.2

苏丁然, 彭朋, 闫青霞, 陈绍祜, 张胜利, 李姣, 刘丑生, 孙东晓. 我国荷斯坦青年公牛基因组选择效果分析[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2021, 52(6): 1550-1562.

SU Dingran, PENG Peng, YAN Qingxia, CHEN Shaohu, ZHANG Shengli, LI Jiao, LIU Chousheng, SUN Dongxiao. Analysis of the Effects for Genomic Selection in Holstein Young Bulls in China[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2021, 52(6): 1550-1562.

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