基因组选配研究及其在畜禽育种中的应用

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2024.01.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基因组选配（genomic mating，GM）是利用基因组估计育种值、风险指数（有效性）、交配亲本互补信息等概念进行选配优化的方法，其侧重于最佳的交配组合而不是截断式选择，可以有效控制群体近交速率的增长、维持遗传多样性，是基因组时代下最具前瞻性的理论方法，具有更高的可行性、有效性，有望实现长期可持续的遗传进展。本文介绍了基因组选配的基本概念、原理与方法，并综述了畜禽育种中利用基因组信息优化选配的应用现状。此外，还提出了基因组选配亟待解决的问题以及未来研究方向。通过对这些问题的探索和研究，进一步提升基因组选配的效果，为推动畜禽育种的长期可持续发展提供参考。

关键词: 基因组选配, 育种值, 近交, 遗传进展

Abstract: Genomic mating (GM) is a method of estimated breeding values, risk (usefulness) and coefficient of ancestry to optimize mating between parents. It focuses on mating instead of truncation selection, which can effectively control the rate of inbreeding and maintain genetic diversity in populations. GM has higher feasibility and effectiveness, and is the most prospective theoretical approach in the genomic era, which can achieve long-term and sustainable genetic gain. In this review, we summarized the principle of genomic mating, the methodology and usage of genomic mating, and the progress of its application in livestock and poultry. In addition, the pressing issue of genomic mating and future research directions are presented. The effectiveness of genomic mating will be further improved by exploring and studying these issues, so as to provide references for improving the long-term sustainable development of livestock and poultry.

Key words: genomic mating, breeding values, inbreeding, genetic gain

中图分类号:

S813.2

王元清, 王兢, 朱波, 陈燕, 徐凌洋, 王泽昭, 张路培, 高会江, 李俊雅, 高雪. 基因组选配研究及其在畜禽育种中的应用[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2024, 55(1): 1-10.

WANG Yuanqing, WANG Jing, ZHU Bo, CHEN Yan, XU Lingyang, WANG Zezhao, ZHANG Lupei, GAO Huijiang, LI Junya, GAO Xue. Genomic Mating Research and Its Application in Livestock and Poultry[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2024, 55(1): 1-10.

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