不同NDF水平饲粮对羔羊生长性能、营养物质消化、消化道重量及瘤胃乳头发育的影响

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2020.07.019

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本试验旨在研究不同中性洗涤纤维（NDF）水平饲粮对羔羊生长性能、营养物质表观消化率、消化道重量及瘤胃乳头发育的影响。选用60只体况良好，体重为（3.23±0.20）kg的初生母羔羊，随机分为4组，每组5个重复，每个重复3只羊。试验羔羊于10日龄补饲开食料，开食料NDF水平分别为12%（12NDF组）、16%（16NDF组）、20%（20NDF组）和24%（24NDF组）的饲粮。试验期60 d，饲养试验所有羔羊均随母哺乳，消化试验所有羔羊不随母哺乳。结果显示：1）随着日龄的增加，羔羊的体重极显著增加（P<0.01）；各日龄阶段日增重均差异不显著（P>0.05）；随日龄的增加，羔羊干物质采食量（DMI）极显著增加（P<0.01），饲喂不同NDF水平饲粮，各组羔羊DMI差异不显著（P>0.05）。2）24NDF组羔羊干物质（DM）、有机物（OM）采食量和总能（GE）摄入量显著高于16NDF、20NDF组（P<0.05）。24NDF组羔羊粗蛋白（CP）采食量显著高于20NDF组（P<0.05）；24NDF组羔羊中性洗涤纤维（NDF）、酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）采食量极显著高于20NDF组（P<0.01），20NDF组极显著高于16NDF、12NDF组（P<0.01）；24NDF组羔羊DM、OM表观消化率显著低于12NDF、16NDF组（P<0.05），24NDF组GE表观消化率显著低于16NDF组（P<0.05），但20NDF、24NDF组NDF、ADF表观消化率显著或极显著高于12NDF组（P<0.05或P<0.01）；24NDF组羔羊粪能显著高于12NDF、16NDF和24NDF组（P<0.05）。各试验组CP表观消化率和消化能差异不显著（P>0.05）。3）12NDF组羔羊全胃重显著高于16NDF、20NDF组（P<0.05）。12NDF组羔羊瘤胃重显著高于20NDF组（P<0.05）。12NDF组羔羊瘤胃占宰前活重的比例显著高于16NDF、20NDF和24NDF组（P<0.05）。12NDF组羔羊十二指肠重及十二指肠占宰前活重的比例显著高于16NDF组（P<0.05）。其余各指标均差异不显著（P>0.05）。综上所述，母羔羊在0~60日龄最适的NDF水平为16%~20%。

关键词: 羔羊, 中性洗涤纤维, 生长性能, 营养物质消化, 消化道重量, 瘤胃乳头发育

Abstract: This experiment was conducted to study the effects of diets with different neutral detergent fiber (NDF) levels on growth performance, nutrient digestion,digestive tract weight and rumen papilla development of lambs. Sixty healthy newborn female lambs ((3.23±0.20) kg initial body weight) were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups with 5 replicates each, 3 sheep each. The lambs were offered concentrates at 10 days of age, and NDF levels of concentrates were 12% (12NDF group), 16% (16NDF group), 20% (20NDF group) and 24% (24NDF group),respectively. During the trial period of 60 days, all lambs were breast-fed in the feeding test, and all lambs were not breast-fed in the digestion test. The results showed that:1) The body weight of the lambs increased extremely significantly with the increase of age (P<0.01); No significant difference in daily weight gain at all ages.With the increase of age, the dry matter intake (DMI) of the lambs increased extremely significantly (P<0.01). The DMI of the lambs among each group were not significantly different (P>0.05). 2) The dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM) intake and total energy (GE) intake of the 24NDF group were significantly higher than those of the 16NDF and 20NDF groups (P<0.05). The intake of crude protein (CP) of lambs in the 24NDF group was significantly higher than that of the 20NDF group (P<0.05); the intake of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) in the 24NDF group were extremely significantly higher than those of the 20NDF group (P<0.01), the 20NDF group was extremely significantly higher than those of 16NDF and 12NDF groups (P<0.01). The apparent digestibility of DM and OM in the 24NDF group were significantly lower than those of the 12NDF and 16NDF groups (P<0.05),the apparent digestibility of GE in the 24NDF group was significantly lower than that in the 16NDF group (P<0.05).The apparent digestibility of NDF and ADF in 20NDF and 24NDF groups were significantly or extremely significantly higher than those in 12NDF group (P<0.05 or P<0.01).The fecal energy of lambs in 24NDF group was significantly higher than those of 12NDF, 16NDF and 24NDF groups (P<0.05).There was no significant difference in CP apparent digestibility and digestive energy among the experimental groups (P>0.05).3) There was no significant difference in the weight of reticulum, omasum, abomasum,small intestine, jejunum and ileum in the lambs of each experimental group (P>0.05). The total weight of stomach in 12NDF group was signifcantly higher than those of 16NDF and 20NDF groups. The rumen weight of 12NDF group was significantly higher than that of 20NDF group (P<0.05). The proportion of rumen to live weight before slaughter in 12NDF group was significantly higher than those of 16NDF, 20NDF and 24NDF groups(P<0.05). The duodenum weight and the proportion of duodenum in live weight before slaughter in the 12NDF group was significantly higher than that in the 16NDF group (P<0.05). The other indicators were not significantly different(P>0.05). In conclusion, the optimal NDF level of diet for female lambs at the age of 0 to 60 days is 16%-20%.

Key words: lamb, neutral detergent fiber, growth performance, nutrients digestion, digestive tract weight, rumen papilla development

中图分类号:

S826

琚思思, 纪守坤, 段春辉, 尹雪姣, 曹文新, 张英杰. 不同NDF水平饲粮对羔羊生长性能、营养物质消化、消化道重量及瘤胃乳头发育的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2020, 51(7): 1666-1676.

JU Sisi, JI Shoukun, DUAN Chunhui, YIN Xuejiao, CAO Wenxin, ZHANG Yingjie. Effects of Diet with Different NDF Levels on Growth Performance,Nutrient Digestion, Digestive Tract Weight and Rumen Papilla Development of Lambs[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2020, 51(7): 1666-1676.

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