猪肺炎支原体强弱毒株的生物学特性及比较基因组学分析

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.02.033

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to better understand the differences in material metabolism and virulence changes between virulent and attenuated strains of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (Mhp), this study was based on the virulent strain ES-2 and the attenuated strain ES-2L induced by passaging of strain ES-2.The growth characteristics, cell adhesion ability, metabolic production of hydrogen peroxide level, biofilm formation ability and other biological characteristics and comparative genomics of the two strains were studied. In terms of growth characteristics, the growth rate and titer of ES-2L strain were higher than that of ES-2 strain, and its color change unit (CCU) was 1.0×10¹⁰ CCU·mL^-1, which had better adaptability on medium. In terms of virulence changes, both ES-2 and ES-2L strains could form biofilm, but the biofilm formation capacity of ES-2L strain was weaker than that of ES-2 strain. The level of metabolizing glycerol to produce hydrogen peroxide of ES-2L strain was lower than that of ES-2 strain, and its adhesion ability to bronchial epithelial cells was weaker than that of ES-2 strain. The results of genome collinearity comparison between ES-2 and ES-2L showed that the overall collinearity of the two strains was good, but there were several gene deletion and inversion in ES-2L strains. The localization analysis of the deletion genes in ES-2L strains showed that a total of 9 large fragments (>500 bp) of gene deletion were detected, and these 9 fragments contained a total of 18 deletion genes. Analysis of SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) and Indel (Insertion and deletion variation) showed that 348 SNVs (single nucleotide variations) were detected, which were mainly distributed in 99 genes, and 22 dels (deletion variations) were mainly distributed in 19 genes. The results of gene island analysis showed that ES-2L had a gene island coding sequence ranging from 395 to 425 kb, and ES-2 had two gene island coding sequences ranging from 354 to 364 kb, and 920 to 945 kb.These deletion or SNP genes and gene island changes may be related to the decrease of virulence and the change of growth characteristics of ES-2L. In summary, this study clarified the differences in material metabolism and virulence changes between virulent and attenuated strains of Mhp, and analyzed the changes of the two strains at the gene level by using comparative genomics method, providing a perspective for further understanding the pathogenic mechanism of Mhp and mining virulence factors.

Key words: Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, virulence, comparative genomics, biofilm

CLC Number:

S852.62

LI Zhenya, LIU Jie, LI Yun, WANG Fei, KONG Yuanyuan, LI Yong, JIA Rongling. Biological Characteristics and Comparative Genomic Analysis of Virulent and Attenuated Strains of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2025, 56(2): 851-859.

Figures/Tables 7

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Table 1

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突变类型 Mutation type	起始位点 Starting site	终止位点 Termination site	大小/bp Size	包含基因 Contain genes	编码蛋白 Coding protein
缺失 Deletion	113 237	114 699	1 462	E5E95_00505	丝氨酸蛋白酶
缺失 Deletion	159 989	161 778	1 789	E5E95_00670	假定蛋白
				E5E95_00665	假定蛋白
				E5E95_00675	假定蛋白
缺失 Deletion	203 386	208 867	5 481	E5E95_00935	假定蛋白
				E5E95_00940	假定蛋白
缺失 Deletion	261 435	262 128	693	E5E95_01210	假定蛋白
缺失 Deletion	262 717	263 417	700	E5E95_01215	假定蛋白
缺失 Deletion	417 189	420 421	3 232	E5E95_01850	假定蛋白
				E5E95_01845	假定蛋白
				E5E95_01855	假定蛋白
				E5E95_01860	乙醇脱氢酶
缺失 Deletion	429 321	433 928	4 607	E5E95_01905	DNA促旋酶
				E5E95_01910	假定蛋白
				E5E95_01915	丝氨酸蛋白酶
缺失 Deletion	558 155	560 135	1 980	E5E95_02435	IS1634家族转座酶
				E5E95_02440	DNA甲基转移酶
缺失 Deletion	925 798	927 220	1 422	E5E95_03755	DDE结构域蛋白

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Biological Characteristics and Comparative Genomic Analysis of Virulent and Attenuated Strains of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae

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