南疆地方绵羊品种群体遗传结构解析与选择信号挖掘

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.12.016

Abstract

Abstract: The study aimed to identify genes associated with superior traits holding significant value for genetic improvement and practical breeding programmes. This study utilized 93 Qira black sheep, 33 Pishan red sheep, and 13 Waghgir sheep. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein, followed by DNA extraction and genotyping. Genotype data quality control was performed using PLINK software (quality control standards: excluding individuals with detection rates below 90%, SNP detection rates below 95%, minimum allele frequencies below 5%, and SNPs with P<1×10^-6 for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium). Principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted to construct evolutionary trees, analyze population ancestral components, and assess linkage disequilibrium (LD). Simultaneously, based on genome-wide runs of homozygosity (ROH) analysis and population genetic differentiation index (F_ST) analysis, the top 10% ROH segments were selected as high-frequency regions, and the top 5% loci by value were designated as selected regions. Reference was made to annotated genes in the sheep genome Oar_v4.0 for Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway analysis. The F_ST and F_ROH results indicated a low level of genetic differentiation among the 3 groups, with a clear genetic background differentiation emerging at K=4. Concurrently, genes including ACVR1, ACVR1C, UPP2, CRY1, and NR4A2 were identified as candidate genes for genetic adaptation in local sheep breeds of southern Xinjiang within arid desert environments. This study revealed the genetic variation characteristics of local sheep breeds in southern Xinjiang through analysis of population genetic structure diversity and selection signals. It identified relevant superior genes from a multidimensional perspective of genetic variation, providing important reference for sheep germplasm resource conservation, new variety development, and enhancement of resource diversity.

Key words: local sheep breeds in Southern Xinjiang, population genetic structure, chip, ROH analysis, F_ST analysis

CLC Number:

S826.2

KONG Lingfeng, ZHU Lijun, LI Yanhao, PENG Yuwei, KOU Fumin, LI Liang, LIU Shudong. Analysis of the Genetic Structure of Local Sheep Breed Populations in South Xinjiang and Mining of Selection Signals[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2025, 56(12): 6116-6129.

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Analysis of the Genetic Structure of Local Sheep Breed Populations in South Xinjiang and Mining of Selection Signals

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