基于50K液相芯片的中国绵羊群体遗传结构与羊毛性状选择信号分析

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.07.012

Abstract

Abstract:

This study aimed to reveal the genetic structural characteristics of sheep populations with different wool types and screen candidate genes related to wool traits through selection signatures analysis. The sheep populations were divided into two groups based on different wool types, including 59 fine wool sheep and 48 coarse wool sheep.Genotyping of 8 sheep populations (15 Oula sheep, 13 Tashkurgan sheep, 15 Altay sheep, 16 Zangxi sheep, 12 Qinghai wool-mutton type sheep, 10 Gansu Alpine Merino, 15 Chinese Merino, 11 Aohan Merino) was performed using a self-developed ovine SNP 50K liquid chip, followed by principal component analysis, neighbor-joining tree, and population genetic structure analysis after quality control. Candidate genes associated with wool trait were screened based on two selection signal methods: population genetic differentiation index (F_ST) and nucleotide diversity ratio (θ_π ratio). The functions of the candidate genes were determined through KEGG pathway enrichment analysis. The results of principal component analysis, neighbor-joining tree, and population genetic structure analysis indicated the presence of genetic differentiation between the two groups of sheep populations. Based on the combined analysis of F_ST and θ_π ratio, the top 1% regions were identified as selected regions, 165 selected regions and 456 selected genes were identified. Several selected genes were identified that are closely associated with hair follicle development and hair growth (JAK2, SELENBP1), melanin synthesis (IRF4), the indirect regulation of dermal papilla cells (RAC2), and a key housekeeping gene in skin molecular biology (SDHA) through gene annotation. This study explored the genetic structure of 8 Chinese sheep populations with clear population differentiation between fine-wool and coarse-wool sheep groups. Selection signature analysis identified candidate genes associated with wool trait, such as JAK2, IRF4, RAC2, IDUA, SDHA and SELENBP1. This study will provide a reference for the molecular genetic marker discovery of wool trait in sheep.

Key words: sheep, SNP chip, population genetic structure, selection signatures

CLC Number:

S826.2

ZHANG Jialiang, HUANG Chang, YANG Yonglin, YANG Hua, BAI Wenlin, MA Yuehui, ZHAO Qianjun. Genetic Structure and Wool Trait Selection Signatures Analysis of Chinese Sheep Populations Based on 50K Liquid SNP Chip[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2025, 56(7): 3164-3176.

Figures/Tables 11

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群体 Population	英文名称 English name	缩写 Abbreviation	样本量/只 Sample	地理位置 Location	羊毛类型 Wool type
欧拉羊	Oula sheep	OLS	15	青海省河南县	粗毛型
塔什库尔干羊	Tashkurgan sheep	TSK	13	新疆塔什库尔干县	粗毛型
阿勒泰羊	Altay sheep	ALT	15	新疆福海县	粗毛型
藏绵羊	Zangxi sheep	ZXS	16	四川省甘孜州石渠县	粗毛型
青海毛肉兼用细毛羊	Qinghai Wool-mutton Type sheep	QHS	12	青海省海晏县	细毛型
甘肃高山细毛羊	Cansu Alpine Merino	GSS	10	甘肃省肃南县	细毛型
中国美利奴羊	Chinese Merino	CME	15	新疆石河子市	细毛型
敖汉细毛羊	Aohan Merino	AHS	11	内蒙古赤峰市敖汉旗	细毛型

参数Parameter	剔除SNPs数Number of SNPs removed	剩余SNPs数Number of remaining SNPs
SNPs总数Total number of SNPs		47 452
SNP检出率Call rate(＜0.90)	3 384	44 068
最小等位基因频率MAF (＜0.01)	1 038	43 030
哈代-温伯格平衡P值HWE P＜1×10^-5	538	42 492
SNPs总计Total SNPs		42 492

基因 Gene	基因描述 Genes description	染色体 Chromosome	功能 Function	参考文献 Reference
IRF4	Interferon regulatory factor 4	20	与黑色素合成、递送和分布有关	[41, 42]
JAK2	Janus kinase-2	2	可能与毛囊和毛发生长相关	[43, 44]
RAC2	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 2	3	间接调控真皮乳头细胞的功能	[45]
IDUA	Alpha-L-iduronidase	6	与羊毛性状相关	[46]
SDHA	Succinate dehydrogenase subunit-A	16	皮肤分子生物学研究的管家基因	[47]
SELENBP1	Selenium-binding protein 1	1	与羊的被毛生长相关	[48]

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Genetic Structure and Wool Trait Selection Signatures Analysis of Chinese Sheep Populations Based on 50K Liquid SNP Chip

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