Abstract:

Dicrocoeliasis is a parasitic disease caused by Dicrocoelium dendriticum, which primarily infects the hepatic bile duct and gallbladder of ruminants such as cattle and sheep. Infected animals exhibit clinical signs including weight loss, lethargy, anorexia, diarrhea, and other progressive debilitating symptoms that can ultimately lead to mortality due to the aggravation of infection. At present, there is no long-term safe vaccine available, and the escalating issue of global drug resistance poses significant threats to public health while incurring substantial economic losses. Effective prevention and control strategies rely on early detection, precise diagnosis, judicious deworming protocols, regular monitoring for drug resistance, and comprehensive epidemiological investigations. This paper reviews advancements in detection technologies and preventive measures for dicrocoeliasis over the past three decades; it critically compares the strengths and limitations of etiological, serological, and molecular biological detection methods while elucidating the clinical adverse reactions associated with commonly used anti-dicrocoeliasis medications. The objective is to provide a scientific foundation for future research into novel micro-detection technologies as well as enhancements in comprehensive prevention strategies.

Key words: Dicrocoelium dendriticum, etiological detection, serological test, diagnosis, prevention and cure