不同饲粮铜水平对安哥拉兔生产性能及毛囊发育的影响

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2024.07.022

Abstract

Abstract:

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of different levels of dietary copper on production performance and hair follicle development of Angora rabbits. A total of 180 Angora rabbits (5 months old) were randomly divided into 5 groups (36 replicates per group, one replicate per group) and fed with a basal diet containing 0, 5, 10, 20 and 40 mg·kg^－1 copper, respectively. The prefeeding period was 3 days, and the experimental period was 76 days. The results showed that: 1) The hair yield reached the maximum and the feed/wool ratio was relatively low when Cu was added at the level of 5 mg·kg^-1 (P < 0.01), but it had no significant effect on the average daily feed intake of Angora rabbits (P>0.05). 2) Compared with the control group, the addition of 40 mg·kg^-1 copper significantly increased the breaking strength F, breaking strength P and breaking work W (P < 0.01), significantly affected the elongation and elongation rate (P < 0.05), and improved the quality of rabbit hair. 3) Dietary copper concentration significantly increased the secondary hair follicle density (P < 0.01) and total hair follicle density (P < 0.05), and the total hair follicle density and secondary hair follicle density reached the maximum when the amount of copper was 5 mg·kg^-1. Dietary copper (5 mg·kg^-1) significantly increased the expression of Wnt10b and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) (P < 0.01), and significantly increased the expression of keratin-related protein 6-1 gene (Kap6.1) (P < 0.05). The expression of mTOR reached the maximum at the copper addition of 40 mg·kg^-1. Copper addition had no significant effect on the gene expression of epidermal growth factor (EGF), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and transforming growth factor-β2 (TGF-β2) (P>0.05). In conclusion, dietary Cu supplementation can improve hair production performance, improve hair quality, and promote hair follicle development in Angora rabbits, which may be regulated by Wnt10b, mTOR and Kap6.1 genes. Under the conditions of this experiment, 13.72 mg·kg^-1 copper level in the diet of Angora rabbits is the most suitable.

Key words: Angora rabbit, copper, performance of production, hair follicle development

CLC Number:

S829.1

Xiaosong WANG, Dong LI, Shu LI, Jiali CHEN, Yongxu LIU, Hong ZHAO, Fuchang LI, Lei LIU. Effects of Dietary Different Copper Levels on Production Performance and Hair Follicle Development in Angora Rabbits[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2024, 55(7): 3032-3039.

Figures/Tables 6

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References 31

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日粮原料组成 Feed composition	含量 Content	营养水平 Nutritive value²⁾	含量 Content
玉米Corn	19	消化能/(MJ·kg^-1) DE	10.09
豆粕Soybean meal	18	粗蛋白质CP	14.98
麸皮Bran	18	粗脂肪EE	1.33
花生秧Peanut seedlings	25	粗灰分Ash	11.03
豆秸Bean straw	10	干物质DM	88.79
苜蓿草Alfalfa grass	6	酸性洗涤纤维ADF	24.60
不含铜预混料No copper premix¹⁾	4	中性洗涤纤维NDF	32.74
合计Total	100	钙Ca	1.95
		磷P	0.37

基因 Gene name	序列号 Accession number	引物序列(5′→3′) Primers sequence(5′→3′)	产物大小/bp Product size
GAPDH	NM_001082253	F: TGCCACCCACTCCTCTACCTTCG R: CGAAGGTAGGGATGGGTGGCA	118
TGF-β1	NM_008249704.1	F: TCTGTGGGTACCTTGATGCCA R: GTTCAGCCACTCTGGCTTTTG	152
TGF-β2	NM_001082660.1	F: TCTGTGGGTACCTTGATGCCA R: GTTCAGCCACTCTGGCTTTTG	108
Wnt10b	XM_002711076.2	F: CCATCCTCAAGCGCGGTTTC R: CCTGAGCCGATCCTGTTCAC	152
EGF	NM_001082660.1	F: GCTATGTCTGCCACTGCTCA R: GCGGAACAGAATCAGGGCAA	118
mTOR	NM_001386500.1	F: CTTAGAGGACAGCGGGGAAG R: TCCTTTAATATTCGCGCGGC	111

项目 Item	铜添加水平/(mg·kg^－1) Copper addition levels					P值 P-value
项目 Item	0	5	10	20	40	P值 P-value
平均日采食量/(g·d^－1)ADF	177.89±3.54	184.05±2.56	177.90±1.99	185.35±2.41	174.03±4.25	0.078 5
产毛量/g Rabbit hair yield	297.67±2.29^c	327.00±3.95^a	313.67±2.16^b	314.67±2.23^b	315.50±1.98^b	< 0.000 1
料毛比Feed/Wool ratio	45.43±0.34^a	42.8±0.51^bc	43.12±0.30^b	44.78±0.32^a	41.93±0.27^c	< 0.000 1

项目 Item	铜添加水平/(mg·kg^－1) Copper addition levels					P值 P-value
项目 Item	0	5	10	20	40	P值 P-value
纤维细度/μm Fiber fineness	13.55±0.37	13.74±0.22	13.47±0.28	14.02±0.35	14.11±0.22	0.454 3
断裂强力F/cN Breaking strength F	3.28±0.12^b	3.23±0.14^b	3.47±0.16^b	3.35±0.13^b	3.96±0.08^a	0.002 6
伸长L/mm Elongation L	3.99±0.15^b	4.26±0.04^ab	4.33±0.07^a	4.24±0.10^ab	4.41±0.06^a	0.039 1
断裂强度P/(Cn·dtex^－1) Breaking strength P	0.32±0.001 3^b	0.32±0.001 4^b	0.34±0.016^b	0.33±0.013^b	0.39±0.009 2^a	0.004 1
伸长率/% E Elongation/% E	40.01±1.51^b	42.63±0.40^ab	43.28±0.67^a	42.4±0.99^ab	44.15±0.61^a	0.041 6
断裂功W/μJ Breaking work W	96.52±4.39^b	98.44±4.17^b	106.63±5.28^b	102.62±5.38^b	123.71±3.23^a	0.001 3
粗毛率(重量比)/% Gross hair ratio (weight ratio)	5.94±0.60^ab	5.78±0.43^ab	4.14±0.93^b	3.51±0.57^b	8.14±1.26^a	0.003

项目 Item	铜添加水平/(mg·kg^－1) Copper addition levels					P值 P-value
项目 Item	0	5	10	20	40	P值 P-value
总毛囊密度 Total follicle density	722.51±65.90^b	933.23±10.98^a	807.97±46.00^ab	881.6±22.58^a	869.00±45.63^a	0.046 2
初级毛囊密度 Primary follicle density	17.79±3.89	21.68±5.55	15.27±1.73	17.40±2.13	13.44±1.81	0.527 5
次级毛囊密度 Secondary follicle density	643.80±12.92^b	901.61±13.08^a	796.55±38.71^a	877.88±14.95^a	816.28±50.62^a	0.002 1
次初比/% S/P	45.16±5.33	39.18±10.43	48.65±7.07	39.58±1.60	45.96±3.64	0.824 9

Effects of Dietary Different Copper Levels on Production Performance and Hair Follicle Development in Angora Rabbits

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项目 Item	铜添加水平/(mg·kg^－1) Copper addition levels					P值 P-value
项目 Item	0	5	10	20	40	P值 P-value
Wnt10b	1±0.17^c	2.55±0.26^a	1.42±0.27^bc	1.29±0.14^ab	1.9±0.31^ab	0.003 2
mTOR	1±0.3^b	4.84±1.41^a	3.19±1.04^ab	1.17±0.09^b	5.01±1.19^a	0.003 7
Kap6.1	1±0.23^c	4.18±1.14^a	2.32±0.36^bc	2.28±0.19^bc	2.91±0.72^ab	0.012 2
EGF	1±0.27	0.95±0.38	1.16±0.59	0.86±0.37	0.37±0.03	0.726 2
TGF-β1	1±0.15	0.66±0.10	0.91±0.15	0.7±0.2	0.67±0.07	0.271 6
TGF-β2	1±0.19	0.88±0.06	0.91±0.07	0.75±0.3	0.83±0.07	0.433 0