饲粮蛋氨酸水平对安哥拉兔产毛性能和毛囊发育的影响

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2024.07.021

Abstract

Abstract:

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different levels of methionine supplementation on wool production performance and hair follicle development of Angora rabbits. A total of 200 9-month-old Angora rabbits, half male and half female, with similar body weight and good growth condition, were randomly divided into five groups with 40 replicates per group and one rabbit per replicate. Rabbits in the control group were fed a basal diet, and those in the experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.15%, 0.30%, 0.45% and 0.60% methionine, respectively (the overall dietary methionine levels were 0.41%, 0.56%, 0.71% and 0.86%, respectively). This trial lasted for 70 days. After the experiment, indexes related to the production performance were calculated, hair and fur samples were collected to detect the hair quality, hair follicle density and the expression of genes related to hair follicle development. The results showed that, compared with the control group, 0.30% and 0.45% methionine supplementation significantly improved the average daily feed intake (P < 0.05). Dietary supplemented with 0.15% methionine significantly increased elongation length and elongation rate of hair (P < 0.05) of rabbits and significantly reduced primary hair follicle density (P < 0.05) of rabbits. Moreover, supplementation of 0.30% methionine significantly increased the hair production rate and secondary primary ratio (P < 0.05) of rabbits and significantly reduced the more than 25 μm fiber content, coarse hair rate and primary hair follicle density (P < 0.05) of rabbits. Meanwhile, dietary supplemented with 0.45% methionine significantly increased (P < 0.05) the ratio of feed to hair, elongation length, elongation and secondary primary ratio and significantly decreased the fiber content above 25 μm, coarse hair percentage and primary hair follicle density (P < 0.05) of rabbits. In addition, dietary supplemented with 0.30% methionine significantly upregulated the mRNA expression of epidermal growth factor (EGF) (P < 0.05) in the skin of rabbits. In conclusion, the appropriate dietary methionine supplemental level can improve the hair production performance and hair quality of Angora rabbits. EGF signal may be involved in promoting rabbit hair follicle development. Under the condition of the current experiment, it is suggested that the optimal supplemental level of methionine is 0.30% in dietary of Angora rabbits (the overall dietary methionine level is 0.56%).

Key words: Angora rabbit, methionine, wool production performance, hair follicle development

CLC Number:

S813.1

Lirui ZHANG, Beiyu ZHANG, Yujuan LI, Yongxu LIU, Hong ZHAO, Fuchang LI, Lei LIU. Effects of Dietary Methionine Level on Wool Production Performance and Hair Follicle Development of Angora Rabbits[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2024, 55(7): 3024-3031.

Figures/Tables 5

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Table 4

Fig. 1

References 18

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原料Ingredient	含量Content	营养水平Nutrient level	含量Content
玉米Corn	10	消化能²⁾/(MJ·kg^－1) DE	8.92
次粉Wheat middling	5	粗蛋白质CP	18.43
大豆粕Soybean meal	9	粗脂肪EE	1.23
玉米胚芽粕Corn germ meal	18	粗纤维CF	19.82
小麦麸Wheat bran	13	蛋氨酸Met	0.26
葵花籽粕Sunflower seed meal	12	赖氨酸Lys	0.83
菜籽油Rapeseed oil	0.5	中性洗涤纤维NDF	35.97
苜蓿草粉Alfalfa meal	10	酸性洗涤纤维ADF	20.61
花生壳Peanut shell	14.5	粗灰分Ash	8.27
稻壳Rice husk	4	木质素ADL	3.14
预混料Premix¹⁾	4	钙Ca	0.86
合计Total	100	磷P	0.34

项目 Item	蛋氨酸添加水平/(%) Methionine supplementation level					P值 P-value
项目 Item	0	0.15	0.30	0.45	0.60	P值 P-value
平均日采食量/(g·d^－1) ADFI	179.38±4.04^b	182.75±3.41^b	194.50±3.02^a	193.88±2.26^a	188.38±4.05^ab	0.011 3
产毛量/g Wool yield	330.37±10.99^abc	364.07±18.31^ab	377.69±24.96^a	319.20±19.11^bc	307.24±11.25^bc	0.021 4
产毛率/% Wool yield ratio	9.79±0.33^b	10.73±0.57^ab	11.39±0.77^a	9.62±0.65^ab	9.11±0.35^b	0.028 3
料毛比 Feed/wool	39.42±1.51^b	38.03±2.27^b	40.30±2.89^ab	46.57±3.10^a	44.79±1.93^ab	0.029 3

项目 Item	蛋氨酸添加水平/% Methionine supplementation levels					P值 P-value
项目 Item	0	0.15	0.30	0.45	0.60	P值 P-value
毛丛长度/cm Tuft length	8.6±0.16	8.7±0.15	8.8±0.13	8.6±0.22	8.4±0.16	0.552 1
断裂强力/cN Breaking force	3.36±0.17	3.14±0.12	3.00±0.13	3.07±0.12	3.43±0.17	0.172 7
伸长度/mm Extension length	4.08±0.05^b	4.59±0.06^a	4.17±0.04^b	4.50±0.05^a	4.05±0.08^b	< 0.000 1
伸长率/% Extension rate	40.84±0.53^b	45.90±0.59^a	41.74±0.38^b	45.08±0.45^a	40.55±0.75^b	< 0.000 1
断裂功/μJ Work of fracture	102.79±6.07	104.18±3.84	92.08±3.67	101.27±3.79	98.94±5.94	0.468 9
纤维细度/μm Wool fineness	14.21±0.14^ab	14.11±0.22^ab	14.05±0.23^ab	13.77±0.30^b	14.70±0.31^a	0.042 7
25 μm以上纤维含量/% More than 25 μm fiber content	3.37±0.21^a	2.57±0.31^ab	2.37±0.35^b	2.67±0.18^b	3.27±0.46^ab	0.020 6
粗毛率 Coarse wool rate/%	6.43±1.12^a	4.96±1.11^ac	3.06±0.49^bc	3.08±0.23^bc	5.45±1.26^ac	0.013 1

项目 Item	蛋氨酸添加水平Methionine levels (%)					P值 P-value
项目 Item	0	0.15	0.30	0.45	0.60	P值 P-value
总毛囊密度/(个·mm^-2) Total follicle density	150.10±6.64	146.53±7.21	161.16±8.68	159.62±9.28	155.54±10.33	0.788 4
初级毛囊密度/(个·mm^-2) Primary hair follicle density	2.29±0.22^a	1.69±0.13^b	1.60±0.14^b	1.63±0.21^b	2.22±0.29^ab	0.048 1
次级毛囊密度/(个·mm^-2) Secondary hair follicle density	148.01±7.36	144.92±7.24	159.56±8.72	158.39±9.23	153.33±10.15	0.784 9
次初比/% S/P	65.09±5.36^c	83.45±7.43^abc	93.60±7.19^a	88.72±10.11^ab	69.19±5.96^bc	0.023 5

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Effects of Dietary Methionine Level on Wool Production Performance and Hair Follicle Development of Angora Rabbits

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