饲喂水平对育成生长期雄性北极狐生长性能、血液生化指标及机体能量沉积的影响

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2020.03.014

Abstract

Abstract: This experiment was conducted to study the effect of feeding level on growth performance, serum biochemical parameters and body energy deposition of Arctic foxes during the growth period. Forty-six 85-day-old healthy male Arctic foxes with average body weight of(3 198±281)g were selected, including 6 Arctic foxes as slaughter trial control at the beginning of the trial, another 40 Arctic foxes randomly divided into 4 groups with 10 replicates per group and 1 fox per replicate. The foxes were offered diet for ad libitum (AL) (Group I), 80% (IR 80) (Group II), 60% (IR60) (Group III) and 40% (IR 40) (Group IV) of ad libitum intake, respectively. The experiment was 7 days for adaption and 55 days for trial period. The parameters of growth performance, serum biochemical parameters and body energy deposition were evaluated by means of feeding, serological and slaughter trials and chemical analysis methods. The results showed as follows:1) 100-day-old body weight in group IV was extremely significantly lower than those in group I and II (P<0.01), and no significant difference was found between group IV and III (P>0.05). Body weight at the age of 115,130,145 days and average daily gain(ADG) in group IV were extremely significantly lower than those in the other groups(P<0.01),whereas no significant difference was detected among the three groups (P>0.05). With the decrease of feeding level, average dry matter intake (ADFI) showed a extremely significant decrease trend (P<0.01). Feed to gain ratio (F/G) in group III was extremely significantly lower than those in group I and II(P<0.01), whereas no significant difference was found in F/G between group III and IV(P>0.05). 2) Serum glucose(GLU) in group IV was obviously higher than that in group III(P<0.05), whereas no significant difference was found among group I, II and IV(P>0.05). Serum CHO and LDL-C in group IV were extremely significantly higher than those in the other groups(P<0.01), whereas no significant difference was found among group I, II and III(P>0.05). Serum TP and ALB in group IV were significantly higher than those in group I and III(P<0.05), whereas no significant difference was found between group II and IV(P>0.05). There were no significant effects on serum TG, HDL-C, GLOB, IgA, IgM,IgG,C3, C4 and INS contents within different feed intake levels(P>0.05).3) With the decrease of feeding level, pelt fat deposition and its energy deposition had significantly decreased trend, which was significantly higher in group I and II than those in group III and IV(P<0.05). Pelt weight gain and total energy deposition in group II were significantly higher than those in group IV(P<0.05), whereas no significant difference was found among group I, II and III(P>0.05). Carcass weight gain in group IV was extremely significantly lower than that in the other groups (P<0.01), whereas no significant difference was found among group I, II and III(P>0.05). There were no significant effects on the pelt protein deposition and its energy deposition, carcass fat deposition and its energy deposition, carcass protein deposition and its energy deposition as well as total energy deposition of carcass fed different feed intake levels(P>0.05). Feeding 60% of ad libitum intake (IR60) reduces the contents of serum GLU and lipid parameters, ensures the normal growth and health state of body, improves the feed efficiency, thus increases the benefit of breeding production of Arctic fox during the growth period.

Key words: Arctic fox, growth performance, serum biochemical parameters, energy deposition

CLC Number:

ZHONG Wei, MU Linlin, HAN Feifei, ZHANG Xinyu, DU Dongsheng, LI Guangyu. Effects of Feeding Level on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Parameters and Body Energy Deposition of Male Arctic Foxes during the Growth Period[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2020, 51(3): 546-555.

References 38

[1]	DALÉN L,FUGLEI E,HERSTEINSSON P,et al.Population history and genetic structure of a circumpolar species:the arctic fox[J].Biol J Linn Soc,2005,84(1):79-89.
[2]	ZHANG G F,LIU D W,WANG F L,et al.Estimation of the net energy requirements for maintenance in growing and finishing pigs[J].J Anim Sci,2014,92(7):2987-2995.
[3]	LIU W,LIN C H,WU Z K,et al.Estimation of the net energy requirement for maintenance in broilers[J].Asian-Australas J Anim Sci,2017,30(6):849-856.
[4]	许贵善,刁其玉,纪守坤,等.不同饲喂水平对肉用绵羊生长性能、屠宰性能及器官指数的影响[J].动物营养学报,2012,24(5):953-960.XU G S,DIAO Q Y,JI S K,et al.Effects of different feeding levels on growth performance,slaughter performance and organ indexes of Mutton Sheep[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2012,24(5):953-960.(in Chinese)
[5]	冯昕炜,马绍楠,周艳,等.饲喂水平对多浪羊生产性能及内脏器官发育的影响[J].饲料工业,2017,38(15):36-39.FENG X W,MA S N,ZHOU Y,et al.Effect of different feeding level on production performance and visceral organ development of Duolang sheep[J].Feed Industry,2017,38(15):36-39.(in Chinese)
[6]	ZHANG H,SUN L W,WANG Z Y,et al.Energy and protein requirements for maintenance of Hu sheep during pregnancy[J].J Integr Agric,2018,17(1):173-183.
[7]	National Research Council (NRC).Nutrient requirements of mink and foxes[M].2th ed.Washington DC:National Academies Press,1982.
[8]	Nordic Association of Agricultural Scientists (NJF).Energy and main nutrients in feed for mink and foxes[M].2th ed.Finland:Fur Animals Nutrition and Feeding Committee,2012.
[9]	张丽英.饲料分析及饲料质量检测技术[M].3版.北京:中国农业大学出版社,2007.ZHANG L Y.Feed analysis and feed quality detection technology[M].3rd ed.Beijing:Chinese Agricultural University Press,2007.(in Chinese)
[10]	BIROLO M,TROCINO A,TAZZOLI M,et al.Effect of feed restriction and feeding plans on performance,slaughter traits and body composition of growing rabbits[J].World Rabbit Sci,2017,25(2):113-122.
[11]	殷宗俊,卞国保,王中才,等.合理限饲可减少早期断奶对仔猪的影响[J].动物科学与动物医学,2005,22(9):38-39.YIN Z J,BIAN G B,WANG Z C,et al.Rational feeding restriction can reduce the effect of early weaning on piglets[J].Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,2005,22(9):38-39.(in Chinese)
[12]	叶耀辉,许培文.限饲对猪皮下各脂肪层脂肪沉积及胴体组成的影响[J].福建农业学报,1998(4):39-40,52.YE Y H,XU P W.Effect of limited feeding on various fat layers of back fat and carcass composition in pigs[J].Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences,1998(4):39-40,52.(in Chinese)
[13]	王生雨,李惠敏,占志平,等.不同限饲水平对产蛋期肉种鸭生产性能的影响[J].动物营养学报,2012,24(3):447-452.WANG S Y,LI H M,ZHAN Z P,et al.Different restricted feeding amounts affect performance of meat-type breeder ducks during the laying period[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2012,24(3):447-452.(in Chinese)
[14]	魏炳栋,刁其玉,陈群,等.饲喂水平对杂交肉羊(公)营养物质代谢及能量需要量的影响[J].动物营养学报,2017,29(10):3551-3562.WEI B D,DIAO Q Y,CHEN Q,et al.Effects of feeding level on nutrient metabolism and energy requirement parameters of Crossbred Male Sheep[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2017,29(10):3551-3562.(in Chinese)
[15]	RAJAEI SHARIFABADI H,NASERIAN A A,VALIZADEH R,et al.Growth performance,feed digestibility,body composition,and feeding behavior of high-and low-residual feed intake fat-tailed lambs under moderate feed restriction[J].J Anim Sci,2016,94(8):3382-3388.
[16]	HARR K E.Clinical chemistry of companion avian species:a review[J].Vet Clin Pathol,2002,31(3):140-151.
[17]	RAJMAN M,JURÁNI M,LAMOŠOVÁ D,et al.The effects of feed restriction on plasma biochemistry in growing meat type chickens (Gallus gallus)[J].Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol,2006,145(3):363-371.
[18]	LU J,SHEN Y,HE Z,et al.Effects of a short-term feed restriction on growth performance,blood metabolites and hepatic IGF-1 levels in growing rabbits[J].World Rabbit Sci,2017,25(3):233.
[19]	BRINKMANN L,RIEK A,GERKEN M.Long-term adaptation capacity of ponies:effect of season and feed restriction on blood and physiological parameters[J].Animal,2018,12(1):88-97.
[20]	DAMGAARD B M,DALGAARD T S,LARSEN T,et al.The effects of feed restriction on physical activity,body weight,physiology,haematology and immunology in female mink[J].Res Vet Sci,2012,93(2):936-942.
[21]	YAMAN M A,KITA K,OKUMURA J.Different responses of protein synthesis to refeeding in various muscles of fasted chicks[J].Br Poult Sci,2000,41(2):224-228.
[22]	YAMAN M A,KITA K,OKUMURA J I.Various macronutrient intakes additively stimulate protein synthesis in liver and muscle of food-deprived chicks[J].J Nutr,2000,130(1):70-76.
[23]	MOHAMMADALIPOUR R,RAHMANI H R,JAHANIAN R,et al.Effect of early feed restriction on physiological responses,performance and ascites incidence in broiler chickens raised in normal or cold environment[J].Animal,2017,11(2):219-226.
[24]	MELUZZI A,PRIMICERI G,GIORDANI R,et al.Determination of blood constituents reference values in broilers[J].Poult Sci,1992,71(2):337-345.
[25]	GAYATHRI K L,SHENOY K B,HEGDE S N.Blood profile of pigeons (Columba livia) during growth and breeding[J].Comp Biochem Physiol A:Mol Integr Physiol,2004,138(2):187-192.
[26]	JURÁNI M,VYBOH P,ZEMAN M,et al.Post-hatching dynamics of plasma biochemistry in free-living European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris)[J].Comp Biochem Physiol A:Mol Integr Physiol,2004,138(1):89-95.
[27]	ALONSO-ALVAREZ C.Age-dependent changes in plasma biochemistry of yellow-legged gulls (Larus cachinnans)[J].Comp Biochem Physiol A:Mol Integr Physiol,2005,140(4):512-518.
[28]	GUERRE-MILLO M.Adiponectin:an update[J].Diabetes Metab,2008,34(1):12-18.
[29]	SAVINO F,PETRUCCI E,NANNI G E.Adiponectin:an intriguing hormone for paediatricians[J].Acta Paediatr,2008,97(6):701-705.
[30]	FUGLESTEG B N,HAGA Ø E,FOLKOW L P,et al.Seasonal variations in basal metabolic rate,lower critical temperature and responses to temporary starvation in the arctic fox (Alopex lagopus) from Svalbard[J].Polar Biol,2006,29(4):308-319.
[31]	PRESTRUD P.Årstidsvariasjoner i basalmetabolisme og fettlagring hos fjellreven (Alopex lagopus) på Svalbard[D].Norway:University of Oslo,1982.
[32]	吴健全,金宏,南文考,等.短期能量限制对人体免疫功能的影响[J].解放军预防医学杂志,2008,26(3):183-185.WU J Q,JIN H,NAN W K,et al.Effect of short term energy restriction on immune function[J].Journal of Preventive Medicine of Chinese People's Liberation Army,2008,26(3):183-185.(in Chinese)
[33]	王先远,金宏,许志勤,等.补充蛋白饮食对饥饿大鼠免疫功能的影响[J].解放军预防医学杂志,2005,23(4):238-241.WANG X Y,JIN H,XU Z Q,et al.Effect of supplementation of protein diet on immune function in starvation rat[J].Journal of Preventive Medicine of Chinese People's Liberation Army,2005,23(4):238-241.(in Chinese)
[34]	YANG J L,LU X X,HOU X Z,et al.Feed restriction alters lipogenic and adipokine gene expression in visceral and subcutaneous fat depots in lamb[J].Livestock Sci,2016,188:48-54.
[35]	钟伟,张婷,罗婧,等.饲粮n-6/n-3多不饱和脂肪酸配比对北极狐冬毛期体脂沉积、体脂肪酸组成及血液生化指标的影响[J].畜牧兽医学报,2017,48(6):1054-1065.ZHONG W,ZHANG T,LUO J,et al.Effects of dietary n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio on the body fat deposition,body fatty acid composition and serum biochemical parameters in male arctic foxes during the winter fur-growing period[J].Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica,2017,48(6):1054-1065.(in Chinese)
[36]	PRESTRUD P,NILSSEN K.Fat deposition and seasonal variation in body composition of arctic foxes in Svalbard[J].J Wildl Manage,1992,56(2):221-233.
[37]	RINGBERG T,NILSSEN K,STRØM E.Do Svalbard reindeer use their subcutaneous fat as insulation?[C].//Proceedings of the 2nd International Reindeer/Caribou Symposium.Røros,Norway,1980:392-395.
[38]	钟伟,孙伟丽,穆琳琳,等.饲喂水平对冬毛生长期雄性北极狐生产性能、器官发育及机体能量沉积的影响[J].畜牧兽医学报,2020,51(1):90-98.ZHONG W,SUN W L,MU L L,et al. Effects of feeding level on productive performance,organ development and body energy deposition of male Arctic foxes during the winter fur growth period[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica,,2020,51(1):90-98.(in Chinese)

Effects of Feeding Level on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Parameters and Body Energy Deposition of Male Arctic Foxes during the Growth Period

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References 38

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

[1]	FU Xiyao, CHEN Lihong, CHEN Xiaoli, SUN Weili, GUO Xiaolan. Study on Dietary Crude Protein Level of 11-17 Weeks Old Female Pheasant [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2023, 54(7): 2910-2923.
[2]	WANG Mingli, WANG Meng, LI Yansen, XU Shanjin, HAN Guofeng, LI Chunmei. Effect of Different Crude Protein Levels of Artificial Crop Milk on Growth Performance,Serum Antioxidant Level and Intestinal Development of Squabs [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2023, 54(4): 1545-1554.
[3]	WANG Weihao, DUAN Yan, WANG Hongdi, DOU Lu, LIU Ting, KANG Letian, SUN Lina, AO Tehenggerile, JIN Ye. Effects of Feeding Regimens on Growth Performance, Slaughter Performance, Meat Quality and Rumen Bacteria Community of Sunit Sheep [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2023, 54(3): 1085-1094.
[4]	YAN Qiongxian, CHEN Wenxun, HUI Haoyang, PENG Can, TANG Shaoxun, ZHOU Xiaoling, TAN Zhiliang. Effects of Zearalenone on Growth Performance, Gastrointestinal Fermentation and Microbiota Community Structure of Goats [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2023, 54(3): 1109-1123.
[5]	SU Dan, WEN Xiaobin, MA Teng, ZHONG Ruqing, WANG Yang, CHEN Liang. Effects of Hydroxytyrosol on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Capacity and Intestinal Inflammatory Factors in Broilers [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2023, 54(11): 4851-4859.
[6]	LIU Pan, LI Ruiqi, TAN Zhankun, WANG Yifei, CHEN Xiaochen, HE Weixian, DU Renrang, MA Jian, CHU Guiyan, CAI Chuanjiang. Effects of High Fiber Diet on Growth Performance, Meat Quality and Intestinal Microbiome of Growing-finishing Pigs [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2023, 54(10): 4247-4259.
[7]	GUO Yanhong, TANG Jing, ZHANG Bo, CAO Junting, GUO Zhanbao, XIE Ming, ZHOU Zhengkui, WU Yongbao, WEN Zhiguo. Effects of Dietary Metabolizable Energy and Methionine Levels on Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, and Plasma Biochemical Parameters for Growing Pekin Ducks [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2023, 54(10): 4278-4288.
[8]	CHANG Weichen, LI Shuaiqi, LI Yan, YAN Wei, ZHANG Hongying, WANG Yanbin, YANG Mingfan, ZHANG Angke. Effect of Pulsatilla Powder Prescription Decoction Ferments on Intestinal Barrier Function of Piglets Infected with Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2023, 54(10): 4403-4410.
[9]	WANG Jian, CHEN Xueping, LI Jichang. Effects of Lactobacillus salivary on Growth Performance and Lung Injury of Broilers Challenged with Mycoplasma gallisepticum [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2022, 53(9): 3172-3179.
[10]	LU Jian, WANG Kehua, YANG Xiaodong, WANG Xingguo, LI Yongfeng, MA Meng, DOU Taocun, HU Yuping, GUO Jun, LI Shangmin, QU Liang. Effects of Dietary Metabolizable Energy Levels during Rearing on Growth and Development of Rugao Yellow Chicken at the Initiation of the Laying Period [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2022, 53(7): 2215-2227.
[11]	CHE Dalu, CHENG Sucai, ZHANG Weitao, ZHAO Juanjuan, LIU Aiyu, LI Xiaoyu, ZHOU Yinghao, GAO Yuhong, SUN Xinsheng, LI Xuemei. Effects of Huopopuling Powder on Growth Performance, Digestibility and Serum Biochemical Indexes in Fattening Lambs under Heat Stress [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2022, 53(6): 1829-1840.
[12]	GUO Zihan, JIANG Qiqi, WANG Bin, ZHAO Na, HE Zhifei, LI Hongjun, LV Jingzhi. Effect of Lighting Rhythm on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Indexes, Meat Quality and Welfare of Rabbits [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2022, 53(5): 1500-1508.
[13]	HAN Pengmin, ZHANG Ran, BIAN Shixiong, LI Yunlei, NI Aixin, WANG Yuanmei, ZONG Yunhe, ZHAO Jinmeng, YUAN Jingwei, SUN Yanyan, LI Jianhui, CHEN Jilan, MA Hui. Effects of Enterococcus faecium and Bacillus subtilis on GrowthPerformance, Carcass Traits and Immune Function of Squabs [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2022, 53(11): 3880-3891.
[14]	CHEN Zhongwei, WANG Ruixiu, LIU Qiang, LIU Feng, ZHUANG Su. Effects of Chitosan Oligosaccharide Supplementation as an Alternative to Antibiotic on the Growth Performance, Slaughter Performance, Intestinal Barrier Function and Meat Quality of Cherry Valley Ducks [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2021, 52(7): 1927-1941.
[15]	XIE Yanjiao, LIU Zhen, CHEN Lei, MIAO Qixiang, ZHANG Hongfu, TANG Xiangfang. Effects of Hydrogen Sulfide Exposure for Different Duration on Growth Performance, Blood Indexes and Histopathology in Weaned Piglets [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2021, 52(6): 1625-1639.