导入25%洛岛红鸡血缘对河南斗鸡相关指标的影响

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2024.03.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 旨在通过研究河南斗鸡导入25%洛岛红鸡血缘后对其屠宰指标、肌肉特性、血清生化指标和目的基因表达的影响，为河南斗鸡的杂交育种提供理论依据。本试验选用同一批次的120日龄纯种河南斗鸡和导入25%洛岛红血缘的杂交斗鸡各10只（公母各半），共分为4组，每组5个重复，每个重复1只鸡，测定其屠体指标、肌肉特性、血清生化指标，并采用荧光定量PCR检测肌肉发育和葡萄糖转运相关基因的mRNA表达水平，所有数据使用SPSS 23.0进行双因素方差分析。结果表明，杂交斗鸡和纯种河南斗鸡在多项屠体指标上均无显著差异（P>0.05）。鸡胸肌肌纤维直径呈现了显著的群体效应（杂交鸡<纯种鸡，P=0.014）。胸肌肌纤维密度指标的群体与性别间互作效应不显著（P=0.056），其中杂交公鸡的胸肌肌纤维密度极显著高于纯种公鸡（P<0.01）。腿肌的肌纤维密度呈现了显著的群体效应（P=0.002），在公母鸡中均以杂交鸡显著高于纯种鸡。实时荧光定量PCR未检测到肌肉发育相关基因（MyHC、MyoG、MyoD1）和葡萄糖转运相关基因GLUT12在杂交斗鸡和纯种斗鸡间的表达差异，但GLUT4基因在鸡胸肌（P=0.000）和腿肌（P=0.023）中的表达均呈现了极显著的群体和性别间的互作效应。胸肌GLUT4基因的表达在公鸡中以杂交公鸡显著高于纯种公鸡（P<0.01），而在母鸡中则以纯种母鸡显著高于杂交母鸡（P<0.05）。在腿肌组织中，GLUT4的表达以杂交母鸡极显著地高于纯种母鸡（P<0.01），而杂交公鸡相较于纯种公鸡差异不显著（P>0.05）。血清生化指标的分析显示，血清GLO （P=0.004）、CHO（P=0.011）、LDL-C（P=0.014）水平均呈现显著的群体效应，且均以杂交斗鸡>河南斗鸡；而血清A/G比值呈现了显著的互作效应（P=0.013），其中纯种公鸡的血清A/G比值显著高于杂交公鸡（P<0.05）。25%洛岛红血缘的导入显著增加了机体的血脂水平，提高了公鸡骨骼肌的肌纤维密度，并以组织特异性和性别特异性的方式改变了葡萄糖转运蛋白GLUT4基因的表达。

关键词: 河南斗鸡, 洛岛红鸡, 屠体指标, 肌肉特性, 血清生化指标

Abstract: This experiment aimed to investigate the effect for introduction of 25% Rhode Island Red chicken gene on the related indexes of Henan fighting chickens, which would provide the theoretical basis for the cross breeding of local variety birds. The same batch of 120-day-old purebred Henan fighting chickens and hybrid fighting chickens being introduced 25% Rhode Island Red gene (n=10 for each population, Half male and female) were selected. They were divided into 4 groups with 5 replicates per group and 1 chicken per replicate. After slaughtering, the following traits were determined, including slaughter performance, muscle properties, serum biochemistry, and mRNA levels of target genes (by real-time quantitative PCR) related to muscle development and glucose transport. All data were analyzed by SPSS 23.0 for Two-way ANOVA analysis. It showed that there was no significant difference in slaughter indexes between hybrid fighting chickens and purebred Henan fighting chickens (P>0.05). The diameter of pectoralis muscle fiber showed a significant population effect with hybrid fighting chickensP=0.014). The interaction effect between populations and genders was not significant for the pectoralis muscle fiber density (P=0.056). The pectoral muscle fiber density of hybrid roosters was significantly higher than that purebred birds (P<0.01). The muscle fiber density of leg muscle showed a significant population effect (P=0.002), in both male and female, hybrid chickens were significantly higher than purebred chickens. There was no difference in the expression of muscle development related genes (MyHC, MyoG, MyoD1) and glucose transport related gene GLUT12 between hybrid chicken and purebred fighting chicken by qRT-PCR, but the expression of GLUT4 gene in pectoral muscle(P=0.000)and leg muscle(P=0.023)showed significant interaction between population and gender. In leg muscles, shear forces have a significant gender effect (P=0.020), the muscle fiber density presented significant population effect (P=0.002). The expression of GLUT4 gene in pectoralis of crossbred cocks was significantly higher than that of purebred cocks (P<0.01), while where the level of GLUT4 of purebred hens was significantly higher than that of hybrid hens (P<0.05). In leg muscle tissue, the expression of GLUT4 in hybrid hens was significantly higher than that in purebred hens (P<0.01), but where there was no significant difference for GLUT4 level between hybrid cocks and purebred cocks (P>0.05). The analysis on serum biochemical indexes showed that the levels of serum GLO (P=0.004), CHO (P=0.011) and LDL-C (P=0.014) showed significant population effects, and the levels of hybrid cocks were all higher than those of Henan fighting cocks. In addition, the serum A/G ratio showed a significant interaction effect (P=0.013), the ratio of serum A/G in purebred fighting cocks was significantly higher than that in hybrid fighting cocks (P<0.05). Although the introduction of 25% Rhode Island Red gene did not affect the slaughtering index of fighting chicken, it significantly increased the blood lipid level and skeletal muscle fiber density of cocks, and changed the expression of glucose transporter GLUT4 gene in a tissue-specific and gender-specific manner.

Key words: Henan fighting chickens, Rhode Island Red chickens, slaughter index, muscle characteristics, serum biochemical indicators

中图分类号:

S831.2

苏传琛, 焦静娅, 王永帅, 罗朋娜, 昌兴海, 黄艳群. 导入25%洛岛红鸡血缘对河南斗鸡相关指标的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2024, 55(3): 1007-1018.

SU Chuanchen, JIAO Jingya, WANG Yongshuai, LUO Pengna, CHANG Xinghai, HUANG Yanqun. Effect of Introducing 25% Rhode Island Red Chicken Blood on Related Indexes of Henan Fighting Chickens[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2024, 55(3): 1007-1018.

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