饲粮不同比例青贮玉米对仔鹅生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质及血清生化指标的影响

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2021.012.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同比例全株青贮玉米对仔鹅生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质及血清生化指标的影响，为全株青贮玉米在肉鹅养殖上的应用提供依据。试验选取健康、平均体重为982～985 g的28日龄三花鹅280只，随机分为4组，每组7个重复，每个重复10只仔鹅。对照组饲喂基础饲粮，试验组分别饲喂添加8%、16%、24%全株青贮玉米的试验饲粮，试验期为42 d。记录28、42、56、70日龄时鹅的体重（BW）和耗料量，计算平均日增重（ADG）、平均日采食量（ADFI）及料重比（F/G）； 70日龄时，每个重复选择2只接近平均体重的仔鹅屠宰，测定屠宰性能、肉品质和血清生化指标。结果表明：与对照组相比，在28～42日龄时，16%试验组的仔鹅ADG和ADFI显著升高（P<0.05）；在42～56日龄时，8%试验组的仔鹅ADFI显著升高（P<0.05）；在56～70日龄时，试验组的仔鹅ADG、ADFI和F/G均无显著差异（P>0.05）；28～70日龄的ADG和添加水平呈二次曲线关系（P<0.05），达最高ADG水平的添加量为9.01%。与对照组相比，70日龄时，24%试验组的仔鹅体重显著降低（P<0.05）；各试验组的全净膛率和屠宰率显著降低（P<0.05）；屠宰率和添加水平呈二次曲线关系（P<0.05），达最低屠宰率的添加水平为14.93%；各试验组仔鹅的肉品质无显著差异（P>0.05）。与对照组相比，8%试验组的仔鹅的血清甘油三酯含量显著降低（P<0.05）。综上所述，在本试验条件下，适量添加全株青贮玉米可提高仔鹅的生长性能，降低血清中的甘油三酯含量，对肉品质无显著影响，对屠宰性能有一定的负面影响，根据饲粮中添加全株青贮玉米的水平对ADG的最高限量和对屠宰性能的最低限量，建议在饲粮中的添加水平为9.01%～14.93%。

关键词: 青贮玉米, 生长性能, 屠宰性能, 肉品质, 血清生化指标

Abstract: This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary different whole-plant corn silage levels on growth performance, slaughter performance, meat quality and serum biochemical parameters of geese. The experimental results could provide a basis for whole-plant corn silage in the application of geese. A total of 280 healthy 28-day-old Sanhua geese with similar body weight(982-985 g) were randomly divided into 4 groups with 7 replicates per group and 10 geese per replicate. The control group was fed a basal diet, the experimental groups were fed experimental diets supplied with 8%, 16%, or 24% whole-plant corn silage, the experimental period was 42 days. Recording the body weight (BW) and feed consumption of the geese at 28, 42, 56, and 70 days, and calculating the average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI) and feed/gain (F/G). At 70 days of age, two geese with average body weight were selected and slaughtered to determine the slaughter performance, meat quality and serum biochemical indexes. The results showed as follows:compared with the control group, the ADG and ADFI of geese aged 28 to 42 days in the 16% experimental group were increased significantly(P<0.05); the ADFI of geese aged 42 to 56 days in the 8% experimental group was increased significantly(P<0.05); the ADG, ADFI and F/G of geese aged 56 to 70 days in the all experimental groups had no significant difference(P>0.05); the ADG of geese aged 28 to 70 days had a quadratic curve relationship with the supplemental level(P<0.05), when the ADG achieved the highest, the supplemental level was 9.01%. Compared with the control group, the BW of 70-day-old geese in the 24% experimental group was significantly reduced(P<0.05). The dressing percentage and eviscerated percentage of geese were reduced significantly in all experimental groups at 70 days of age(P<0.05). The dressing percentage of geese had a quadratic curve relationship with the supplemental level(P<0.05), when the dressing percentage achieved the lowest, the supplemental level was 14.93%. There were no significant differences in meat quality among all experimental groups at 70 days of age(P>0.05).The triglyceride content of geese in the 8% experimental group was significantly reduced at 70 days of age(P<0.05) compared with the control group. In conclusion, under the conditions of this experiment, appropriate supplemental level of whole-plant silage corn can improve the growth performance of the geese and reduce the content of triglyceride content in the serum, there is no significant impact on meat quality, but a certain negative impact on slaughter performance. According to the ADG maximum limit and dressing percentage minimum limit,it is recommended that the dietary optimal whole-plant corn silage supplement level is in the range of 9.01% to 14.93%.

Key words: corn silage, growth performance, slaughter performance, meat quality, serum biochemical parameters

中图分类号:

王猛, 李尚民, 沈丹, 韩国锋, 李延森, 窦新红, 李春梅. 饲粮不同比例青贮玉米对仔鹅生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质及血清生化指标的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2021, 52(12): 3501-3511.

WANG Meng, LI Shangmin, SHEN Dan, HAN Guofeng, LI Yansen, DOU Xinhong, LI Chunmei. Effects of Dietary Different Whole-Plant Corn Silage Levels on Growth Performance, Slaughter Performance, Meat Quality and Serum Biochemical Parameters of Geese[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2021, 52(12): 3501-3511.

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