磷源与磷水平对蛋鸡生产性能及钙、磷、氮代谢的影响

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2018.05.022

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

旨在研究磷源（磷酸氢钙（DCP）、磷酸一二钙（MDCP）、磷酸二氢钙（MCP）和植源性磷酸氢钙（PDCP））与添加水平（0.1%和0.2%）对蛋鸡生产性能、血清钙、磷含量及钙、磷、氮排泄的影响。本试验采用4×2完全随机试验设计，共8个处理组，分别为4种磷源DCP、MDCP、MCP、PDCP的低磷（0.1%）添加组和高磷（0.2%）添加组，每个处理6个重复，每个重复10只鸡。选取480只53周龄海兰褐蛋鸡，随机分配到各处理组，饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮（非植酸磷含量0.14%），各处理组除磷含量不同外，其他营养成分含量均相同，试验期20周。试验期间每天以重复为单位记录产蛋数和蛋重，每周记录耗料量，并计算平均产蛋率、平均产蛋量和料蛋比；于第10周周末和20周周末翅静脉采血，用以测定血清中钙、磷含量；每5周全收粪法收集各组粪便，以测定粪便中钙、磷和氮含量。结果表明：1）磷源、磷水平、磷源与磷水平交互对蛋鸡产蛋率、平均蛋重和料蛋比无显著影响，但均表现为，磷源PDCP、MDCP和MCP不同程度优于磷源DCP （P>0.05），0.2%磷水平优于0.1%（P>0.05）。2）磷源、磷水平、磷源与磷水平交互对蛋鸡血清钙含量无显著影响（P>0.05）；磷源、磷源与磷水平交互对蛋鸡血清磷含量无显著影响（P>0.05）；3）与DCP组相比，PDCP组钙（P<0.05）和磷（P<0.01）排泄量均显著降低，MCP组磷排泄量显著降低（P<0.05）。磷源对氮排泄量无显著影响（P>0.05）；与0.1%磷水平添加组相比，0.2%组蛋鸡钙排泄量显著降低（P<0.01），磷排泄显著增加（P<0.01）；磷源与磷水平交互作用对蛋鸡磷排泄有显著影响（P<0.01），对氮排泄无显著影响（P>0.05）。结果提示，在基础日粮（NPP为0.14%）中添加0.1%~0.2%磷水平可满足蛋鸡生产性能需要，以磷源PDCP和MDCP效果较好。

Abstract:

The present study was conducted to study the effects of phosphorus (P) forms (CaHPO₄(DCP), Ca(H₂PO₄)₂·H₂O+CaHPO₄·2H₂O (MDCP), Ca(H₂PO₄)₂(MCP) and plant derived dicalcium phosphate (PDCP)) and P supplemented levels (0.1% and 0.2%) on the production performance, contents of serum calcium(Ca) and P and the metabolism of Ca, P and nitrogen (N) in laying hens. The factorial arrangement of treatments (4×2) was used involving four P sources(DCP, MDCP, MCP, PDCP) and two P levels (low P (0.1%) addition group and high P (0.2%) addition group), with a total of 8 treatment groups. A total of 480 53-week-old Hyline Brown laying hens were randomly allocated to 8 dietary treatments (6 replications of 10 hens per replication) and were fed corn-soybean meal basic diet(non-phytic acid phosphorus 0.14%), the nutrient contents were same except P. The experiment lasted for 20 weeks. Daily records of egg production, egg weight and weekly records of feed consumption were maintained throughout the experimental period and average egg production rate, average egg yield and feed/egg ratio were calculated. The blood samples were collected from the winged veins at the tenth and 20th weekends to determine the contents of Ca and P in the serum. In addition, the feces of each group were collected every 5 weeks to determine the contents of Ca, P and N in the feces. The results showed as follows:1) P source, P level and their interactions had no significant influence on average egg production rate, average egg yield and feed/egg ratio of laying hens, however, all of the above indexes in groups of PDCP, MDCP and MCP were better than those in DCP (P>0.05), and the above indexes in groups of the P level of 0.2% were also better than those in the level of 0.1% (P>0.05). 2) P source, P level and their interactions had no significant effects on serum Ca (P>0.05), meanwhile, P source and the interaction between P source and P level had no significant effects on serum P (P>0.05). 3) Compared with the DCP group, the excretion of Ca (P<0.05) and P (P<0.01) in the PDCP group decreased significantly, P excretion in the MCP group decreased significantly (P<0.05). P source had no significant effect on N excretion (P>0.05). Compared with the P level of 0.1% supplemented group, the Ca excretion in the P level of 0.2% group decreased significantly (P<0.01), and P excretion increased significantly (P<0.01). The interaction between P source and P level had significant effects on P excretion (P<0.01), while had no significant effect on excretion of N (P>0.05) in laying hens. The results suggested that adding 0.1%-0.2% P level to the basal diet (the level of NPP was 0.14%) could satisfy the production performance of the laying hens, and P forms of PDCP and MDCP were better for laying hens.

中图分类号:

S831.5

何万领, 李晓丽, 李旺, 丁轲, 李元晓, 任振东. 磷源与磷水平对蛋鸡生产性能及钙、磷、氮代谢的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2018, 49(5): 1061-1073.

HE Wan-ling, LI Xiao-li, LI Wang, DING Ke, LI Yuan-xiao, REN Zhen-dong. Effects of Phosphorus Forms and Levels on the Production Performance and Metabolism of Calcium, Phosphorus and Nitrogen in Laying Hens[J]. ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA, 2018, 49(5): 1061-1073.

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