溶血卵磷脂对降能饲粮饲喂良凤花鸡生长发育的影响

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2022.11.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 旨在研究在两种能量水平饲粮中添加不同水平溶血卵磷脂（lysolecithin，LPL）对良凤花鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质、消化道酶活性以及养分消化率的影响。试验选用健康、体重相近的1日龄良凤花鸡1 080只，随机分为6个处理：1）对照组：饲喂基础饲粮；2）对照+500LPL组：在基础饲粮基础上添加500 mg·kg^-1的LPL；3）降能组：饲喂降能饲粮（在基础饲粮水平上降低251 kJ·kg^-1的代谢能）；4）降能+500LPL组：在降能饲粮基础上添加500 mg·kg^-1的LPL；5）降能+750LPL组：在降能饲粮基础上添加750 mg·kg^-1的LPL；6）降能+1000LPL组：在降能饲粮基础上添加1 000 mg·kg^-1的LPL，每组6个重复，每个重复30只鸡。试验期52 d，分为前期（1～21日龄）和后期（22～52日龄）。试验结束后，屠宰取样测定相关指标。结果表明，降能饲粮组良凤花鸡料重比高于对照组，在添加750 mg·kg^-1 LPL后良凤花鸡料重比与对照组基本持平（P>0.05）。与降能饲粮组相比，在降能饲粮中添加LPL可以提高良凤花鸡第52天的胸肌率和腿肌率（P>0.05）。与对照组相比，在基础饲粮中添加500 mg·kg^-1的LPL显著提高了良凤花鸡在21 d时干物质和粗蛋白的消化率（P<0.05）和52 d时粗脂肪的消化率（P<0.05）。与降能组相比，在降能饲粮中添加750和1 000 mg·kg^-1LPL显著提高了52 d肉鸡的回肠和空肠的绒毛高度（P<0.05）以及十二指肠脂肪酶活性（P<0.05）。与降能饲粮组相比，在降能饲粮中添加750 mg·kg^-1的LPL显著提高了良凤花鸡对饲粮中苏氨酸、缬氨酸、丙氨酸等11种氨基酸的表观回肠消化率（P<0.05）。与降能组相比，在降能饲粮中添加750和1 000 mg·kg^-1的LPL提高了载脂蛋白A1和载脂蛋白A4的基因表达量（P>0.05）。综上所述，本试验条件下，在降能饲粮中添加LPL可以提高良凤花鸡屠宰性能，且对其肠道形态、养分消化率和肝脂质代谢功能有积极影响，以750 mg·kg^-1的添加量效果最佳。

关键词: 溶血卵磷脂, 良凤花鸡, 生产性能, 肉品质, 脂代谢

Abstract: This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different levels of lysolecithin (LPL) on growth performance, slaughter performance, meat quality, digestive enzyme activities and nutrient digestibility of Liangfenghua chickens fed with two different energy levels diets. A total of 1 080 healthy 1-day-old Liangfenghua chicken with similar body weight were randomly divided into 6 treatment groups:1) Control group:fed with basal diet; 2) Control+500LPL group:supplement 500 mg·kg^-1 of LPL to the basal diet; 3) Energy-reduced diet group:fed with low energy diet (metabolizable energy decreased by 251 kJ·kg^-1 at basal diet level); 4) Energy-reduced+500LPL group:supplement 500 mg·kg^-1 of LPL to the low energy diet; 5) Energy-reduced + 750LPL group:supplement 750 mg·kg^-1of LPL to the low energy diet; 6) Energy-reduced+1000LPL group:supplement 1 000 mg·kg^-1of LPL to the low energy diet, with 6 replicates in each group and 30 chickens in each replicate, respectively. The experimental period was 52 days, which was divided into starter phase (1~21 days) and grower phase (22~52 days). At the end of the experiment, chickens were slaughtered and sampled to determine certain indexes. The results showed that the F/G of Liangfenghua chicken in the energy-reduced diet group was higher than that in the control group, and after added 750 mg·kg^-1 LPL, the F/G of Liangfenghua chicken was almost the same as that in the control group (P>0.05). Compared with the energy-reduced diet group, LPL addition to the energy-reduced diet groups could improve the breast muscle rate and thigh muscle rate of Liangfenghua chicken on the 52nd day (P>0.05). Compared with the control group, added 500 mg·kg^-1 of LPL to the basal diet significantly improved the digestibility of dry matter and crude protein in the diet of Liangfenghua chickens at 21 d (P<0.05) and the digestibility of ether extract at 52 days (P<0.05). The addition of 750 and 1000 mg·kg^-1LPL to the energy-reduced diet significantly increased the villus height of the ileum and jejunum (P<0.05) and duodenal lipase activity (P<0.05) at 52 d of Liangfenghua chicken compared with the energy-reduced diet group. Compared with the energy-reduced diet group, added 750 mg·kg^-1 LPL to the energy-reduced diet significantly improved the apparent ileal digestibility of 11 amino acids such as Thr, Val, Ala in the diet of Liangfenghua chicken (P<0.05). Compared with the energy-reduced diet group, added 750 and 1 000 mg·kg^-1 LPL to the energy-reduced diet increased the gene expression of apolipoprotein A1 and apolipoprotein A4 (P>0.05). In conclusion, under the certain condition, LPL supplementation to the energy-reduced diets of Liangfenghua chicken can improve the slaughter performance of Liangfenghua chickens, and have a positive effect on its intestinal morphology, nutrient digestibility and liver lipid metabolism, and the addition amount of 750 mg·kg^-1is the best.

Key words: lysolecithin, Liangfenghua chicken, production performance, meat quality, lipid metabolism

中图分类号:

S831.5

常凌, 何业春, 李正, 王奇志, 赵爱华, 宋泽和, 张海涵, 贺喜. 溶血卵磷脂对降能饲粮饲喂良凤花鸡生长发育的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2022, 53(11): 3892-3906.

CHANG Ling, HE Yechun, LI Zheng, WANG Qizhi, ZHAO Aihua, SONG Zehe, ZHANG Haihan, HE Xi. Effects of Lysolecithin on Growth and Development of Liangfenghua Chickens Fed with Energy-reduced Diet[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2022, 53(11): 3892-3906.

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