腐殖酸钠对白羽肉鸡营养物质表观消化率、粪便微生物及其代谢产物的影响

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2023.12.019

畜牧兽医学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (12): 5091-5100.doi: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2023.12.019

腐殖酸钠对白羽肉鸡营养物质表观消化率、粪便微生物及其代谢产物的影响

李贞明¹, 余苗^1,2, 唐延天¹, 李袁飞¹, 刘志昌¹, 容庭^1,3*, 马现永^1,2*

1. 广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所猪禽种业全国重点实验室农业部华南动物营养与饲料重点实验室广东省畜禽育种与营养研究重点实验室广东省畜禽肉品质量安全控制与评定工程技术研究中心, 广州 510640;
2. 岭南现代农业科学与技术广东省实验室茂名分中心, 茂名 525000;
3. 清远市弘顺农牧有限公司, 清远 511500

收稿日期:2023-05-11 出版日期:2023-12-23 发布日期:2023-12-26
通讯作者: 马现永,主要从事生态健康养殖与环境控制研究,E-mail:maxianyong@gdaas.cn;容庭,主要从事生态健康养殖与环境控制研究,E-mail:rongting@gdaas.cn
作者简介:李贞明(1990-),男,山东临沂人,硕士,主要从事生态健康养殖研究,E-mail:lzm900120@163.com
基金资助:
清远市科技计划项目(2022KJJH062);饲料产业技术体系创新团队建设项目(2022KJ115);科技创新战略专项资金(高水平农科院建设)—杰出人才(R2020PY-JC001);广东省农科院人才引进项目(优秀博士)(R2020YJ-YB2002);江门市科技计划项目(2021660200370006997);清远市科技计划项目(2021DZX018);茂名实验室科研启动项目(2021TDQD002);广东省农业科学院学科团队建设项目(202118TD);清远市清城区清远鸡产业园项目(GDSCYY2018-032);广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2020B020225005)

Effects of Sodium Humate on Nutrient Apparent Digestibility, Fecal Microorganisms and Their Metabolites in White-feathered Broilers

LI Zhenming¹, YU Miao^1,2, TANG Yantian¹, LI Yuanfei¹, LIU Zhichang¹, RONG Ting^1,3*, MA Xianyong^1,2*

1. Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Meat Quality and Safety Control and Evaluation, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China;
2. Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Maoming 525000, China;
3. Qingyuan Hongshun Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Co. Ltd., Qingyuan 511500, China

Received:2023-05-11 Online:2023-12-23 Published:2023-12-26

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 旨在探究日粮添加腐殖酸钠对肉鸡营养物质表观消化率、粪便微生物数量及其代谢产物的影响。试验选取540只1日龄817白羽肉鸡,随机分为3组(每组6个重复,每个重复30只)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组分别饲喂含0.3%和0.5%腐殖酸钠的试验日粮。试验为期42 d,试验结束前3 d,每个重复选取体重相近的2只肉鸡放入代谢笼,进行代谢试验。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,日粮添加0.5%的腐殖酸钠可显著提高肉鸡对粗蛋白、磷和灰分的表观消化率(P<0.05)。2)与对照组和0.3%组相比,日粮中添加0.5%的腐殖酸钠可显著提高肉鸡粪便中总菌和乳酸杆菌的数量,并降低大肠杆菌的数量(P<0.05)。与0.3%组相比,日粮中添加0.5%的腐殖酸钠可显著提高肉鸡粪便中普雷沃氏菌的数量(P<0.05)。3)与对照组相比,日粮中添加0.5%的腐殖酸钠可显著降低肉鸡粪便中氨态氮的含量,并提高乳酸的含量(P<0.05)。与对照组和0.3%组相比,日粮中添加0.5%的腐殖酸钠可显著降低肉鸡粪便中的对甲酚的含量(P<0.05)。4)与对照组和0.3%组相比,日粮添加0.5%腐殖酸钠可显著降低肉鸡粪便中酪胺、亚精胺、精胺和总生物胺的含量(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,日粮添加0.3%和0.5%腐殖酸钠可显著降低肉鸡粪便中腐胺的含量(P<0.05);此外,日粮添加0.3%腐殖酸钠可显著降低肉鸡粪便中酪胺和精胺的含量(P<0.05)。综上所述,日粮添加一定比例的腐殖酸钠可提高肉鸡对营养物质的表观消化率,促进粪便中有益菌的生长与繁殖,提高粪便中乳酸的含量,抑制有害菌的生长与繁殖;进而降低粪便中氨态氮、对甲酚和生物胺等臭味物质的含量,达到源头减排的目的,且在本试验条件下添加0.5%的效果优于0.3%。

关键词: 肉鸡, 腐殖酸钠, 表观消化率, 粪便, 微生物, 生物胺

Abstract: The objective of the study was to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with sodium humate on nutrient apparent digestibility, fecal microbial population and their metabolites in broilers. A total of 540 one-day-old 817 white-feathered broilers were selected for the trial and randomly divided into 3 groups (6 replicates per group, 30 birds per replicate). The control group was fed the basal diet and the test group was fed the test diets containing 0.3% and 0.5% sodium humate, respectively. The trial lasted for 42 days, and 3 days before the end of the trial, 2 broilers with similar body weight were selected from each replicate and were put into metabolic cages for metabolic tests. The results showed that: 1)Compared with the control group, dietary supplementation of 0.5% sodium humate significantly increased apparent digestibility of crude protein, phosphorus and ash (P<0.05) in broilers. 2)Compared with the control and 0.3% groups, dietary supplementation with 0.5% sodium humate significantly increased total bacteria and Lactobacillus concentrations (P<0.05) and decreased Escherichia coli concentrations (P<0.05) in broiler manure. Compared with the 0.3% group, dietary supplementation with 0.5% sodium humate significantly increased Prevotella concentration (P<0.05) in broiler manure. 3)Compared with the control group, dietary supplementation with 0.5% sodium humate significantly decreased ammoniacal nitrogen concentrations (P<0.05) and increased lactic acid concentrations (P<0.05) in broiler manure. Compared with the control and 0.3% groups, dietary supplementation with 0.5% sodium humate significantly decreased p-cresol concentrations (P<0.05) in broiler manure. 4) Compared with the control and 0.3% groups, dietary supplementation with 0.5% sodium humate significantly decreased tyramine, spermidine, spermidine and total amines concentrations (P<0.05) in broiler manure. Compared with the control group, dietary supplementation with 0.3% and 0.5% sodium humate significantly decreased putrescine concentrations (P<0.05) in broiler manure; Additionally, dietary supplementation with 0.3% sodium humate significantly decreased tyramine and spermine concentrations (P<0.05) in broiler manure. Therefore, dietary supplementation with sodium humate can improve nutrient apparent digestibility in broilers, promote beneficial bacteria growth and reproduction, increase lactic acid concentrations, inhibite harmful bacteria growth and reproduction, and then decrease ammonia nitrogen, p-cresol and biogenic amines and other odorous substances in manure, thus achieve the goal of pollution source reduction, and under the current condition, supplementation with 0.5% was more effective than 0.3%.

Key words: broiler, sodium humate, apparent digestibility, manure, microorganisms, biogenic amines

中图分类号:

S831.5

李贞明, 余苗, 唐延天, 李袁飞, 刘志昌, 容庭, 马现永. 腐殖酸钠对白羽肉鸡营养物质表观消化率、粪便微生物及其代谢产物的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2023, 54(12): 5091-5100.

LI Zhenming, YU Miao, TANG Yantian, LI Yuanfei, LIU Zhichang, RONG Ting, MA Xianyong. Effects of Sodium Humate on Nutrient Apparent Digestibility, Fecal Microorganisms and Their Metabolites in White-feathered Broilers[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2023, 54(12): 5091-5100.

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腐殖酸钠对白羽肉鸡营养物质表观消化率、粪便微生物及其代谢产物的影响

Effects of Sodium Humate on Nutrient Apparent Digestibility, Fecal Microorganisms and Their Metabolites in White-feathered Broilers

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