甘氨酸锰对产蛋后期蛋鸡产蛋性能和肠道微生物的影响

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2024.01.021

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本试验旨在研究甘氨酸锰对产蛋后期蛋鸡盲肠微生物和产蛋性能的影响。选取体况良好、产蛋率接近的70周龄海兰褐蛋鸡720只，随机分为4个处理，每处理6个重复，每个重复30只鸡。基础饲粮不额外添加锰源（实测锰含量为21.77 mg·kg^-1），试验组饲粮在基础饲粮中分别添加120 mg·kg^-1锰的一水硫酸锰以及40、80和120 mg·kg^-1锰的甘氨酸锰（实测锰含量分别为144.46、57.84、96.97和135.59 mg·kg^-1），试验期12周（70~82周龄）。结果表明，40 mg·kg^-1锰的甘氨酸锰饲粮组蛋鸡77~82周龄产蛋率显著高于120 mg·kg^-1锰的一水硫酸锰组和80 mg·kg^-1锰的甘氨酸锰组（P<0.05），添加甘氨酸锰对70~82周龄产蛋率有增加的趋势（P=0.071），对70~82周龄其它产蛋性能指标无显著影响（P>0.05）。40 mg·kg^-1甘氨酸锰饲粮组蛋鸡盲肠微生物区系的Chao1和Shannon指数显著高于120 mg·kg^-1一水硫酸锰组（P<0.05），OTU数量最多，表明菌群多样性和丰富度最高；属水平上Top 10的菌属追溯到门水平上，120 mg·kg^-1一水硫酸锰组厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）相对丰度显著高于80 mg·kg^-1甘氨酸锰饲粮组（P<0.05）；120 mg·kg^-1一水硫酸锰组中起重要作用的微生物类群集中在Firmicutes苞菌科（Selenomonadaceae），80 mg·kg^-1甘氨酸锰饲粮组中起重要作用的微生物类群集中在螺旋体门（Spirochaetota）螺旋体科（Spirochaetaceae）；差异菌分析发现，40 mg·kg^-1甘氨酸锰饲粮组盲肠中乳酸杆菌属（Lactobacillus）相对丰度显著高于120 mg·kg^-1一水硫酸锰组（P<0.05），80 mg·kg^-1甘氨酸锰饲粮组类芽孢杆菌属（Paenibacillus）、马赛菌属（Massilia）和弯曲杆菌属（Campylobacter）相对丰度均显著高于120 mg·kg^-1一水硫酸锰组（P<0.05）；与40 mg·kg^-1甘氨酸锰饲粮组相比，80 mg·kg^-1和120 mg·kg^-1甘氨酸锰饲粮组有益菌巨单胞菌属（Megamonas）、Lactobacillus和罗姆布茨菌属（Romboutsia）相对丰度显著降低（P<0.05），有害菌Campylobacter相对丰度显著提高（P<0.05）。由此可见，在本试验条件下，饲粮中添加40 mg·kg^-1锰的甘氨酸锰可以改善产蛋后期蛋鸡肠道微生物区系的物种丰富度和多样性指数，增加有益菌丰度和参与代谢过程的菌群，在一定程度上改善了试验后段（77~82周龄）蛋鸡产蛋性能。

关键词: 甘氨酸锰, 产蛋后期蛋鸡, 产蛋性能, 微生物

Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with manganese glycine (MG) on gut microbiota and laying performance in aged laying hens. A total of 720 70-week-old Hy-Line Brown hens were assigned equally to four groups with six replicates of 30 birds each. No additional manganese (Mn) was added to the basal diet (the measured Mn content was 21.77 mg·kg^-1). The hens were fed basal diets supplemented with 120 mg·kg^-1 of Mn from manganese sulfate monohydrate (MSM), or 40, 80, or 120 mg·kg^-1 Mn from MG. The measured Mn contents in the experimental diets were 144.46, 57.84, 96.97 and 135.59 mg·kg^-1, respectively. The experimental period was 12 weeks (70-82 weeks). The results showed that, dietary supplementation with 40 mg·kg^-1 Mn from MG resulted in higher laying rate than those observed in the 120 mg·kg^-1 MSM group and 80 mg·kg^-1 MG groups from 77 to 80 weeks (P <0.05). The laying rate of growps supplemented with MG from 70 to 82 weeks of age tended to increase (P= 0.071), while no significant difference was observed in other indexes of laying performance among the treatment groups (P>0.05). The Chao1 and Shannon indexes of cecal microflora in layers fed with 40 mg·kg^-1 MG were significantly higher than those in 120 mg·kg^-1 MSM group (P<0.05),and has the highest OTUs number, which indicated the highest diversity and richness of the microbial community. At the genus level, the top 10 bacteria were traced back to the phylum level, the Firmicutes relative abundance in the 120 mg·kg^-1 MSM group was significantly higher than that in the 80 mg·kg^-1 MG group (P<0.05). The microbial groups that played an important role in the 120 mg·kg^-1 MSM group were concentrated in the Firmicutes and Selenomonadaceae, the microbial groups that played an important role in the 80 mg·kg^-1 MG group were concentrated in the Spirochaetota phylum Spirochaetaceae family. The results of differential bacteria analysis showed that the relative abundance of Lactobacillus in the 40 mg·kg^-1 MG group was significantly higher than that of the 120 mg·kg^-1 MSM group (P<0.05), and the relative abundance of Paenibacillus, Massilia and Campylobacter in 80 mg·kg^-1 MG group was significantly higher than that of 120 mg·kg^-1 MSM group (P<0.05); Compared with the 40 mg·kg^-1 MG group, the 80 mg·kg^-1 MG group and 120 mg·kg^-1 MG group showed a decrease in the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria Megamonas, Lactobacillus, and Romboutsia (P<0.05), while the relative abundance of harmful bacteria Campylobacter increased (P<0.05). In conclusion, dietary MG supplementation with 40 mg·kg^-1 could improve the species richness, diversity index, increase the abundance of beneficial bacteria and the flora involved in the metabolic process of the intestinal microflora in aged laying hens, and improve the laying performance of laying hens in the later stage of the experiment (77 to 82 weeks of age).

Key words: manganese glycine, aged laying hens, laying performance, microorganisms

中图分类号:

S831.5

卢建, 张欣, 江栋材, 马猛, 王强, 王星果, 李永峰, 郭军, 窦套存, 胡玉萍, 李尚民, 邵丹, 曲亮. 甘氨酸锰对产蛋后期蛋鸡产蛋性能和肠道微生物的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2024, 55(1): 218-231.

LU Jian, ZHANG Xin, JIANG Dongcai, MA Meng, WANG Qiang, WANG Xingguo, LI Yongfeng, GUO Jun, DOU Taocun, HU Yuping, LI Shangmin, SHAO Dan, QU Liang. Effects of Glycine Manganese on Laying Performance and Gut Microbiota in Aged Laying Hens[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2024, 55(1): 218-231.

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