茶褐素和茶多酚摄入对采食氧化鱼油大鼠肝组织抗氧化能力的影响

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.09.031

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

旨在通过饲喂氧化鱼油(oxidized fish oil，OFO)饲粮在大鼠上建立动物营养性氧化应激模型，探讨灌服茶褐素(theabrownin, TB)能否改善氧化应激对大鼠肝的负面影响，并初步分析其可能机制；且以茶多酚(tea polyphenols, TP)为正对照。试验选取32只健康的21日龄断奶的Wistar大鼠(雄性)，平均体重(BW)为55.58 g，随机分为4个处理(n=8)，即对照组、OFO组、OFO+TP组和OFO+TB组，TP和TB的灌服剂量均为200 mg·kg^-1BW，含OFO饲粮从试验第9天开始饲喂，整个试验持续23 d。结果显示：饲喂含OFO饲粮降低了大鼠的体重，诱导大鼠肝发生病理变化，显著提高了肝的脏器指数及血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶活性(P < 0.05)，显著降低了肝的总抗氧化能力及过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性(P < 0.05)，显著提高了肝中脂质过氧化物、丙二醛、蛋白质羰基和8-羟基脱氧鸟苷含量(P < 0.05)，显著上调了Bax、Caspase3和Keap-1的mRNA表达水平(P < 0.05)，显著下调了Bcl-2、Nrf2、HO-1和NQO-1的mRNA表达水平(P < 0.05)；灌服TB或TP可以在不同程度上缓解OFO攻毒对大鼠的体重及肝的结构和功能的负面影响，提高了饲喂氧化鱼油饲粮大鼠肝的抗氧化能力(P < 0.05)，改善了饲喂氧化鱼油饲粮大鼠肝中细胞凋亡和Nrf2信号通路相关基因mRNA表达(P < 0.05)。综上可知，灌服TB能改善OFO攻毒大鼠的肝损伤，这可能与其改善抗氧化功能和细胞凋亡有关，且TB的作用效果类似于TP。

关键词: 茶褐素, 茶多酚, 氧化鱼油, 抗氧化能力, 大鼠, 肝

Abstract:

The aim of this study was to investigate whether oral gavage of theabrownin (TB) could alleviate the negative effects of oxidative stress on antioxidant capacity in the liver of rats, in which the oxidative stress model was established via feeding the diet containing oxidized fish oil (OFO), and tea polyphenols (TP) were used as a positive control. Thirty-two male Wistar rats weaned at 21 days of age (average weight was 55.58 g) were randomly allotted into 4 groups, including control group, OFO group, OFO+TP group and OFO+TB group. Both the daily oral doses of TB and TP were 200 mg·kg^-1 body weight. From day 9 to day 23, the challenge of oxidized fish oil was executed. The trial duration was 23 days. The results showed that feeding the diet containing OFO decreased body weight, induced the dysfunction of liver histomorphology, significantly enhanced liver organ index, serum alanine aminotransferase activity, and the levels of lipid peroxide, malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine of liver (P < 0.05), significantly reduced total antioxidant capacity, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities of liver (P < 0.05), significantly up-regulated the mRNA relative expression of Bax, Caspase3 and Keap-1 of livers (P < 0.05), and significantly down-regulated the mRNA relative expression of Bcl-2, Nrf2, HO-1 and NQO-1 of livers (P < 0.05) in rats. Oral infusion TB or TP might, to some extent, alleviate the negative effects of the diet containing OFO on body weight, liver morphology and function of rats, improve the antioxidant capacity and the mRNA relative expression of apoptosis-related and Nrf2-pathway-related genes in the liver of rats fed the diet containing OFO (P < 0.05). In summary, oral administration of TB could ameliorate the liver damage induced by OFO challenge in rats, which was associated with the improvement of antioxidant capacity and apoptosis. These effects were similar with TP.

Key words: theabrownin, tea polyphenols, oxidized fish oil, antioxidant capacity, rats, liver

中图分类号:

S816.7

谭大雁, 王清湘, 毛湘冰, 范祥奇, 杨恒, 黄冰, 张斐然, 王建萍. 茶褐素和茶多酚摄入对采食氧化鱼油大鼠肝组织抗氧化能力的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2025, 56(9): 4519-4528.

TAN Dayan, WANG Qingxiang, MAO Xiangbing, FAN Xiangqi, YANG Heng, HUANG Bing, ZHANG Feiran, WANG Jianping. Effects of Theabrownin and Tea Polyphenols on the Antioxidant Capacity of Liver in the Rats Fed Oxidized Fish Oil[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2025, 56(9): 4519-4528.

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项目Item	含量/% Content
原料Ingredient
玉米淀粉Corn starch	39.749
酪蛋白(>85%蛋白质) Casein(>85% protein)	20.000
麦芽糊精Maltodextrin	13.200
蔗糖Sucrose	10.000
鱼油Fish oil	7.000
纤维素Fiber	5.000
预混料Premix¹⁾	4.500
L-胱氨酸L-Cystine	0.300
酒石酸胆碱Choline bitartrate	0.250
叔丁基对苯二酚Tert-butylhydroquinone	0.001
合计Total	100.000
营养水平Nutrient levels²⁾
代谢能/(kJ·g^-1) Metabolic energy	16.58
粗蛋白Crude protein	18.50
赖氨酸Lysine	1.50
蛋氨酸Methionine	0.56

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