家兔肺炎克雷伯菌的分离鉴定

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2023.12.029

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 兔感染肺炎克雷伯菌后,常引起多发性呼吸道疾病及消化系统疾病,严重危害家兔健康养殖。本研究通过剖检河南某兔场疑似病死兔并采集各组织,采用病菌形态学观察、PCR鉴定及测序分析对病原菌进行分离鉴定,并通过毒力基因检测、组织病理学观察、药敏试验及致病性试验以期确定病原菌并对其进行分析。结果显示,经细菌分离培养得到革兰阴性、卵圆形的可疑致病菌;16S rRNA基因扩增片段为1 494 bp,与ON925022.1同源性为99.79%,表明病兔为肺炎克雷伯菌感染。组织病理学观察发现,病兔多数器官肿大、出血,肺泡壁大量炎性细胞浸润,肠绒毛黏膜上皮脱落。毒力基因扩增显示allS、kfu和uge基因为阳性。药敏试验结果显示,该病原菌对丁胺卡那、多黏菌素B、头孢哌酮及头孢曲松4种药物敏感,对其他药物均有不同程度的耐药性。综上表明,引起该兔场发病的病原为肺炎克雷伯菌,本试验为更好地预防和控制兔肺炎克雷伯菌病提供参考。

关键词: 家兔, 肺炎克雷伯菌, 组织病理学, 毒力基因, 耐药情况, 呼吸道疾病

Abstract: Klebsiella pneumoniae infection in rabbits often causes multiple respiratory diseases and digestive system diseases, which seriously harms the healthy breeding of rabbits. In this study, the suspected dead rabbits in a rabbit farm in Henan Province were dissected and the tissues were collected. The pathogenic bacteria were isolated and identified by morphological observation, PCR identification and sequencing analysis, and the pathogenic bacteria were identified and analyzed by virulence gene detection, histopathological observation, drug sensitivity test and pathogenicity test. The results showed that gram-negative and oval suspicious pathogens were obtained by bacterial isolation and culture. The length of amplified fragment of 16S rRNA gene was 1 494 bp, and the homology with ON925022.1 was 99.79%, which indicated that the diseased rabbits were infected by Klebsiella pneumoniae. Histopathological observation showed that most organs of the diseased rabbits were swollen and bleeding, and a large number of inflammatory cells infiltrated into the alveolar wall, and the intestinal villi mucosa epithelium fell off. Virulence gene amplification showed that allS, kfu and uge genes were positive. The results of drug sensitivity test showed that the pathogen was sensitive to amikacin, polymyxin B, cefoperazone and ceftriaxone, and was resistant to other drugs at varying degrees. To sum up, Klebsiella pneumoniae is the pathogen causing the disease in this rabbit farm, and the current experiment provides reference for better prevention and control of Klebsiella pneumoniae in rabbits.

Key words: rabbit, Klebsiella pneumoniae, histopathology, virulence gene, drug resistance, respiratory diseases

中图分类号:

王佳宁, 张自强, 孔德婧, 冯彩彩, 张飞可, 刘玉梅. 家兔肺炎克雷伯菌的分离鉴定[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2023, 54(12): 5198-5206.

WANG Jianing, ZHANG Ziqiang, KONG Dejing, FENG Caicai, ZHANG Feike, LIU Yumei. Isolation and Identification of Klebsiella pneumoniae in Rabbits[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2023, 54(12): 5198-5206.

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