分泌IgA和IgG的浆细胞在家兔鼻腔中的分布特征

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2022.08.032

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 分泌IgA和IgG的浆细胞是黏膜免疫系统中两种重要的效应细胞。本研究旨在探究分泌IgA和IgG的浆细胞在家兔鼻腔中的分布特征。以20只健康成年家兔为研究对象，根据硬腭褶皱和牙齿特征，依次将家兔鼻腔分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ 5段，运用组织学、免疫组织化学、图像分析及统计学方法，对分泌IgA和IgG的浆细胞在家兔鼻腔中的分布特征进行了详细的研究。免疫组化结果显示：分泌IgA和IgG的浆细胞在家兔鼻腔每段都有分布，主要弥散分布于鼻黏膜固有层中；其形态呈圆形或卵圆形，核一般位于细胞一侧，胞质丰富呈阳性反应。统计结果显示：分泌IgA和IgG的浆细胞在鼻腔不同段的分布密度由高到低依次是：鼻腔第Ⅳ段、第Ⅴ段、第Ⅲ段、第Ⅱ段、第Ⅰ段。其中分泌IgA的浆细胞在鼻腔Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ段的分布密度显著高于鼻腔Ⅰ、Ⅱ段（P<0.05），在上颌鼻甲、鼻中隔和筛鼻甲的分布密度显著高于上鼻甲（P<0.05）；与分泌IgA的浆细胞相比，分泌IgG的浆细胞除鼻腔第Ⅳ段的分布密度显著高于鼻腔Ⅲ、Ⅴ段（P<0.05）外，其分布变化趋势基本与分泌IgA的浆细胞类似。结果证明，分泌IgA和IgG的浆细胞弥散分布于家兔每段鼻腔的鼻黏膜固有层中，有利于SIgA和IgG分子在整个鼻黏膜形成完整的保护屏障；分泌IgA和IgG的浆细胞主要分布在家兔鼻腔Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ段及上颌鼻甲、筛鼻甲和鼻中隔，提示这些区域是家兔鼻腔免疫的重要效应部位。本研究为家兔呼吸系统疾病的预防及进一步探讨家兔鼻腔免疫应答的机制提供重要的理论依据。

关键词: 家兔, 鼻腔, 分泌IgA的浆细胞, 分泌IgG的浆细胞, 分布

Abstract: Plasma cells secreting IgA and IgG are two important effector cells in mucosal immune system. This study aimed to explore the distribution characteristics of plasma cells secreting IgA and IgG in the nasal cavities of rabbits. Twenty healthy adult rabbits were selected as the research objects. According to the characteristics of the hard palate folds and teeth, the nasal cavities of rabbits were divided into five segments,including Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ and Ⅴ segments. Histology, immunohistochemistry, image analysis and statistical methods were used to carefully investigate the distribution characteristics of plasma cells secreting IgA and IgG in nasal cavities of rabbits. Immunohistochemical results showed that plasma cells secreting IgA and IgG were located in every segment of the nasal cavities of rabbits, diffusedly distributed in the lamina propria of nasal mucosa. The morphology was round or oval, and the nucleus was usually located at the side of the cells. Abundant cytoplasm was positive. Statistical results showed that the distribution density of plasma cells secreting IgA and IgG in different segments of nasal cavities from high to low was Ⅳ segment, Ⅴ segment, Ⅲ segment, Ⅱ segment and Ⅰ segment of nasal cavities. The distribution density of plasma cells secreting IgA in Ⅲ, Ⅳ and Ⅴ segments of the nasal cavities was significantly higher than that in Ⅰ and Ⅱ segments (P<0.05). The distribution density of plasma cells secreting IgA in maxilloturbinate, ethmoid turbinate and nasal septum was significantly higher than that in the superior tuibinate (P<0.05). Compared with plasma cells secreting IgA, plasma cells secreting IgG have similar distribution trend except that distribution density of plasma cells secreting IgG in the Ⅳ segment of the nasal cavities was significantly higher than that in Ⅲ and Ⅴ segments(P<0.05). The results confirmed that plasma cells secreting IgA and IgG were distributed diffusedly in the nasal mucosa propria of each segment of the rabbit nasal cavity, which would be conducive to SIgA and IgG molecule formation complete protective barrier in the whole nasal mucosa. Plasma cells secreting IgA and IgG were mainly distributed in Ⅲ, Ⅳ, Ⅴ segments of the nasal cavities, maxilloturbinate, ethmoid turbinate and nasal septum, indicating that these areas are important effective sites of intranasal immunization in rabbits. This study will provide an important theoretical basis for the prevention of rabbit's respiratory diseases and further exploration of the mechanism of nasal immune response in rabbits.

Key words: rabbit, nasal cavity, plasma cells secreting IgA, plasma cells secreting IgG, distribution

中图分类号:

S852.162

房映栋, 程翠翠, 陆佳, 程玉娇, 张睿, 李沛轩, 王雯慧. 分泌IgA和IgG的浆细胞在家兔鼻腔中的分布特征[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2022, 53(8): 2751-2762.

FANG Yingdong, CHENG Cuicui, LU Jia, CHENG Yujiao, ZHANG Rui, LI Peixuan, WANG Wenhui. Distribution Characteristics of Plasma Cells Secreting IgA and IgG in Rabbit Nasal Cavity[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2022, 53(8): 2751-2762.

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