笼养密度对雪山鸡生产性能及盲肠微生物的影响

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2021.010.014

畜牧兽医学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (10): 2832-2841.doi: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2021.010.014

笼养密度对雪山鸡生产性能及盲肠微生物的影响

孔令琳¹, 王来娣¹, 白皓², 江勇¹, 王志秀¹, 王维³, 陈国宏¹, 戴网成⁴, 常国斌^1*

1. 扬州大学动物科学与技术学院, 扬州 225009;
2. 教育部农业与农产品安全国际合作联合实验室, 扬州 225009;
3. 宿迁益客种禽有限公司宿豫分公司, 宿迁 223800;
4. 天成畜禽生态养殖场, 镇江 212000

收稿日期:2020-11-19 出版日期:2021-10-23 发布日期:2021-10-27
通讯作者: 常国斌,主要从事家禽遗传育种研究,E-mail:passioncgb@163.com
作者简介:孔令琳(1994-),女,江苏扬州人,硕士生,主要从事家禽遗传育种研究,E-mail:1921714112@qq.com
基金资助:
省政策引导类计划（苏北科技专项）（SZ-SQ2019054）；江苏省科技计划“一带一路”创新合作项目（BZ2019018）；江苏省“333工程”培养资金资助项目（BRA2020077）；扬州大学乡村振兴科研项目（XH2018416）；江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目

Effects of Cage Density on Production Performance and Cecal Microorganism of Xueshan Chicken

KONG Linglin¹, WANG Laidi¹, BAI Hao², JIANG Yong¹, WANG Zhixiu¹, WANG Wei³, CHEN Guohong¹, DAI Wangcheng⁴, CHANG Guobin^1*

1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
2. Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education, Yangzhou 225009, China;
3. Suyu Branch, Suqian Ecolovo Breeding and Poultry Co., Ltd., Suqian 223800, China;
4. Tiancheng Livestock and Poultry Ecological Farm, Zhenjiang 212000, China

Received:2020-11-19 Online:2021-10-23 Published:2021-10-27

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 旨在探索笼养密度对雪山鸡生产性能、肉品质、福利指标及盲肠微生物的影响。本研究选用6周龄体重相近的健康雪山鸡母鸡180只，按单因素试验要求，设置高、中、低3组饲养密度进行后期笼养试验，每笼分别饲养4只、3只及2只，以此作为1个重复，每组20个重复，饲养至上市15周龄，屠宰，测定生产性能、屠宰性能及肉品质，并进行羽毛和步态评分、检测盲肠微生物菌群组成。结果表明：1）从11周龄到上市15周龄，低、中密度组雪山鸡体重显著高于高密度组（P<0.05），15周龄腹脂重和腹脂率，低密度组显著高于中密度组（P<0.05），且中密度组显著高于高密度组（P<0.05），其余屠宰性能指标差异均不显著（P>0.05）。2）中、低密度组鸡只羽毛质量显著好于高密度组（P<0.05），此外，高、中、低密度组的雪山鸡步态评分差异不显著（P>0.05）。3）雪山鸡盲肠内容物均以Firmicutes（厚壁菌门）、Proteobacteria（变形菌门）、Bacteroidetes（拟杆菌门）的菌群为主。3种饲养密度菌群差异不显著（P>0.05），但中密度饲养模式下肉鸡盲肠内容物中特有OTUs较少，相对于高密度盲肠微生物区系而言，中、低密度盲肠微生物群落更趋于相近，有些差异菌群可能与体重及腹脂沉积相关，如Blautia菌属等。综合看来，对于雪山鸡而言，考虑采用中密度饲养模式能够获得较好的生产性能。

关键词: 雪山鸡, 饲养密度, 生产性能, 肉品质, 羽毛, 步态, 盲肠微生物

Abstract: This experiment was conducted to study the effect of cage density on the production performance, meat quality, welfare index and cecal microorganisms of Xueshan chickens. Totally, 180 6-week-old Xueshan female chickens with similar body weight were randomly selected into high-density, middle-density and low-density rearing system equally with 20 replicates, and 4, 3 or 2 birds in each cage as a replicate. And the production performance, slaughter performance, meat quality, feathers and gait score, and the cecal microflora composition were detected at the market age of 15-week-old. The results showed that:1) The body weight of chickens in the low- and middle-density group were significantly higher than those in the high-density group from the age of 11-to 15-week-old(P<0.05). The abdominal fat weight and abdominal fat percentage of 15-week-old chickens in the low-density group were significantly higher than those in the mid-dle-density group (P<0.05), and the abdominal fat indexes in middle-density were significantly higher than those in high-density group (P<0.05). No significant difference were found in the other slaughter indexes (P>0.05). 2) The feather quality of chickens in the middle- and low-density groups were significantly better than that in the high-density group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in gait score among three groups (P>0.05). 3) Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria were 3 dominant flora in cecum. And there was no significant diffe-rence in intestinal flora among 3 groups (P>0.05). However, chickens in the middle-density group exhibited less unique OTUs in cecum. Compared with the high density cecal microflora, the middle- and low-density cecal microflora were more similar. The proportion of Firmicutes and Bacterioidetes might be related to body weight. In general, these findings may provide a reliable information for considering the selection of middle-density for female Xueshan broilers can get better production performance.

Key words: Xueshan chicken, feeding density, production performance, meat quality, feather, gait, cecal microorganisms

中图分类号:

S831.4

孔令琳, 王来娣, 白皓, 江勇, 王志秀, 王维, 陈国宏, 戴网成, 常国斌. 笼养密度对雪山鸡生产性能及盲肠微生物的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2021, 52(10): 2832-2841.

KONG Linglin, WANG Laidi, BAI Hao, JIANG Yong, WANG Zhixiu, WANG Wei, CHEN Guohong, DAI Wangcheng, CHANG Guobin. Effects of Cage Density on Production Performance and Cecal Microorganism of Xueshan Chicken[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2021, 52(10): 2832-2841.

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笼养密度对雪山鸡生产性能及盲肠微生物的影响

Effects of Cage Density on Production Performance and Cecal Microorganism of Xueshan Chicken

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