运输后禁食与非禁食对肉兔应激水平、肉品质和行为的影响

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2022.08.018

畜牧兽医学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (8): 2598-2607.doi: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2022.08.018

运输后禁食与非禁食对肉兔应激水平、肉品质和行为的影响

郭子涵¹, 秦春力², 张芳芳³, 赵娜¹, 王彬¹, 贺稚非⁴, 李洪军^4,5, 吕景智^1*

1. 西南大学动物科学技术学院生物饲料与分子营养实验室, 重庆 400715;
2. 四川省巴中市巴州区农业农村局, 巴中 636000;
3. 四川省巴中市巴州区畜牧站, 巴中 636000;
4. 西南大学食品科学学院, 重庆 400715;
5. 川渝共建特色食品重庆市重点实验室, 重庆 400715

收稿日期:2021-11-01 出版日期:2022-08-23 发布日期:2022-08-23
通讯作者: 吕景智,主要从事肉兔健康养殖和繁育研究,E-mail:ljzzl-66@163.com
作者简介:郭子涵(1997-),男,河南新野人,硕士生,主要从事肉兔繁殖育种研究,E-mail:542501356@qq.com,Tel:23-6825-1196
基金资助:
国家现代农业产业技术体系资助（CARS-43-E-2）；西南大学博士启动基金（20190898）；四川白兔优良种质资源扩繁与健康养殖技术示范推广（2020JDZH0029）；重庆市现代山地特色高效农业产业技术体系（草食牲畜2020[11]号）；重庆市特色食品工程技术研究中心能力提升项目（cstc2014pt-gc8001）

Effects of Non-Fasting and Fasting before Slaughter on Stress Level, Meat Quality and Behavior of Meat Rabbits after Transportation

GUO Zihan¹, QIN Chunli², ZHANG Fangfang³, ZHAO Na¹, WANG Bin¹, HE Zhifei⁴, LI Hongjun^4,5, LÜ Jingzhi^1*

1. Laboratary of Biological Feed and Molecular Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China;
2. Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Bazhou District, Bazhong City, Sichuan Province, Bazhong 636000, China;
3. Bazhou Animal Husbandry Station, Bazhong City, Sichuan Province, Bazhong 636000, China;
4. College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China;
5. Chongqing Key Laboratory of Special Foods Jointly Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, China

Received:2021-11-01 Online:2022-08-23 Published:2022-08-23

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本试验以伊拉肉兔为研究对象，探究肉兔运输后在禁食与非禁食条件下对其应激水平、肉品质和行为的影响，探索合理的肉兔运输后的处理方式。试验选取80只体重相近（（2.5±0.5） kg）的伊拉公兔，随机分为8个组：对照组、运输后0 h组、非禁食6 h组、非禁食24 h、禁食6 h组、禁食24 h组、禁食行为观察组和非禁食行为观察组（做行为观察，不屠宰）。预试期为7 d，正式期的运输时间为2 h。结果发现，在血清生化测定中，和对照组相比，运输后0 h组血清ALT、AST、TG、Glu、CK、LDH水平无显著变化（P>0.05），而运输后0 h组血清TP浓度显著下降，皮质醇浓度显著上升（P<0.05）。非禁食24 h组血糖水平高于禁食24 h组（P<0.05）、血清CK浓度低于禁食24 h组（P<0.01），非禁食6 h的LDH水平低于禁食6 h组（P<0.05）。在肉品质测定中，运输后0 h时肌肉pH显著上升（P<0.05），肌肉L^*、a^*水平显著下降（P<0.05），而非禁食24 h组的L^*、a^*和b^*值显著高于禁食24 h组。而禁食组与非禁食组的肌肉pH、失水率、蒸煮损失率和剪切力等无显著差异（P>0.05）。在基因表达方面，运输后0 h时JNK、Caspase-3的mRNA水平显著上升（P<0.05）。非禁食相比于禁食降低了JNK mRNA相对表达量（P<0.05），对Caspase-3水平无显著影响（P>0.05）。在行为学方面，非禁食相比于禁食降低了肉兔的食粪行为（P<0.05），对于肉兔刻板行为改变不明显（P>0.05）。本研究提示，在运输后静养期间，24 h非禁食能一定程度降低肉兔的应激、减少机体损伤、改善兔肉品质，有利于提高肉兔的福利水平。

关键词: 肉兔, 非禁食, 应激, 肉品质, 行为, JNK通路

Abstract: Hyla meat rabbits were taken in this experiment to study the effects of fasting and non-fasting on the stress level, meat quality and behaviors, and to explore a reasonable post-treatment method for meat rabbits after transportation. Eighty male Hyla rabbits with weight of (2.5±0.5) kg were chosed and randomly divided into 8 groups:control group, 0 h after transportation group, non-fasting 6 h group, non-fasting 24 h, fasting 6 h group, fasting 24 h group, fasting behavior observation group and non-fasting behavior observation group (behavior observation without slaughter). The pre-trial period was 7 days, and the transportation in formal experiment lasted for 2 hours. The results were as follows:Compared with the control group, the serum levels of ALT, AST, TG, Glu, CK and LDH had no significant changes at 0 h after transportation (P>0.05), but the serum TP concentration decreased and the cortisol concentration increased significantly after transportation (P<0.05). The levels of serum glucose were higher, but CK activities were lower in non-fasting 24 h group than in fasting 24 h group (P<0.05), and the levels of LDH activities in non-fasting 6 h group were lower than those in fasting 6 h group (P<0.05). In the determination of meat quality, the muscle pH increased significantly at 0 h after transportation (P<0.05), and the muscle L^* and a^* levels decreased significantly (P<0.05). The L^*, a^* and b^* values of non-fasting 24 h group were significantly higher than those of fasting 24 h group. There was no significant difference in muscle pH, water loss rate, cooking loss rate or shear force between fasting group and non-fasting group (P>0.05). In terms of gene expression, JNK and Caspase-3 levels increased significantly at 0 h after transportation (P<0.05). Compared with fasting, non-fasting decreased the relative expression of JNK mRNA (P<0.05), but had no significant effect on Caspase-3 level (P>0.05). In the aspect of behaviors, compared with fasting, non-fasting only reduced the caecotrophy behavior (P<0.05), but did not change the stereotyped behaviors of meat rabbits significantly (P>0.05). Non-fasting for 24 hours during lairage period after transportation can improve the meat quality to a certain extent, reduce stress and body damage, and improve the welfare levels of meat rabbits.

Key words: meat rabbit, non-fasting, stress, meat quality, behavior, JNK pathway

中图分类号:

S829.1

郭子涵, 秦春力, 张芳芳, 赵娜, 王彬, 贺稚非, 李洪军, 吕景智. 运输后禁食与非禁食对肉兔应激水平、肉品质和行为的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2022, 53(8): 2598-2607.

GUO Zihan, QIN Chunli, ZHANG Fangfang, ZHAO Na, WANG Bin, HE Zhifei, LI Hongjun, LÜ Jingzhi. Effects of Non-Fasting and Fasting before Slaughter on Stress Level, Meat Quality and Behavior of Meat Rabbits after Transportation[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2022, 53(8): 2598-2607.

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运输后禁食与非禁食对肉兔应激水平、肉品质和行为的影响

Effects of Non-Fasting and Fasting before Slaughter on Stress Level, Meat Quality and Behavior of Meat Rabbits after Transportation

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