鸭不同肠段内菌群结构分析与拟杆菌分布研究

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2020.12.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 旨在分析健康鸭十二指肠、空肠、回肠和盲肠内容物菌群组成、多样性特征以及拟杆菌分布。本研究选择健康高邮鸭20只，公母各半，70日龄时无菌采集十二指肠、空肠、回肠和盲肠内容物，提取肠道内容物细菌基因组，利用IonS5TMXL平台进行高通量测序，分析肠道内容物菌群结构与丰度特征以及拟杆菌的分布。结果表明，十二指肠、空肠内容物菌群丰度显著高于回肠和盲肠内容物（P<0.05），回肠内容物菌群多样性最低；十二指肠和空肠内菌群群落结构较为相似，与回肠，特别是盲肠的相似度较小。健康鸭肠内优势菌门为拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes）、厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）、变形菌门（Proteobacteria）和梭杆菌门（Fusobacteria），上述菌门在各肠段内容物中相对丰度不同；不同肠段内容物中定植了不同差异微生物物种，十二指肠、空肠、回肠和盲肠内容物中差异菌门分别是变形菌门、放线菌门（Actinobacteria）、厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门。鸭肠道中共分析到28种拟杆菌种，其中B.acidifaciens、B.barnesiae、B.caccae、B.caecicola、B.coprocola、B.sp和B.luti在盲肠内容物中显著聚类，且B.caecigallinarum、B.plebeius和B.barnesiae在鸭盲肠中优势定植。结果显示，鸭肠段空间显著影响了其内容物中菌群丰度与多样性，不同肠段内定植了差异的优势微生物物种，这可能与肠段小环境以及功能一致，在盲肠内容物中优势定植拟杆菌，推测可能与鸭盲肠生理生化功能相关。

关键词: 16S rRNA测序, 菌群, 肠道, 拟杆菌, 鸭

Abstract: This study aimed to analyze the microbiota composition and diversity and the distribution of Bacteroides in duodenal, jejunal, ileal and caecal contents in healthy ducks. The contents of duodenum, jejunum, ileum and cecum were collected aseptically from 20 healthy adult Gaoyou ducks (70-day-old, half male and female), and the bacterial DNA of intestinal contents were extracted. The IonS5TMXL platform was used for 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing, the microbiota structure and abundance, as well as the distribution of Bacteroides were analyzed. The results showed that the microbiota abundance in duodenal and jejunal contents was significantly higher than that in ileal and caecal contents (P<0.05), the microbiota diversity in ileal contents was the lowest. The microbiota structure in duodenal and jejunal contents was similar, they were different from that in ileum, and especially cecum. The dominant phyla in the intestinal contents of healthy duck were Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Fusobacteria. The relative abundance of these phyla were different in different intestinal segment contents. The different microbial species were colonized in different intestinal segments, and the differential phyla in duodenum, jejunum, ileum and cecum were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, respectively. There were 28 kinds of Bacteroides species in duck intestine, among them, B. acidifaciens, B. barnesiae, B. caccae, B. caecicola, B. coprocola, B. sp and B. luti were significantly clustered in the cecum, and B. caecigallinarum, B. plebeius and B. barnesiae were dominantly colonized in duck cecum. The results indicate that intestinal space significantly affects the microbiota abundance and diversity, and different intestinal segments were colonized by differential microorganism, which is consistent with the intestinal segment niche and function. In the cecum, the dominant colonization of Bacteroides may be related to its physiological and biochemical functions.

Key words: 16S rRNA sequencing, microbiota, intestine, bacteroides, duck

中图分类号:

S852.6
S834

朱春红, 陶志云, 刘宏祥, 宋卫涛, 章双杰, 徐文娟, 原志伟, 李慧芳. 鸭不同肠段内菌群结构分析与拟杆菌分布研究[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2020, 51(12): 3001-3012.

ZHU Chunhong, TAO Zhiyun, LIU Hongxiang, SONG Weitao, ZHANG Shuangjie, XU Wenjuan, YUAN Zhiwei, LI Huifang. Analysis of Microbiota Structure and Bacteroides Distribution in Different Intestinal Segments in Duck[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2020, 51(12): 3001-3012.

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