大熊猫粪便中微生物与寄生虫的宏转录组学分析

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2020.11.020

畜牧兽医学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (11): 2812-2824.doi: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2020.11.020

大熊猫粪便中微生物与寄生虫的宏转录组学分析

邓雯文¹, 李才武¹, 晋蕾², 李果¹, 吴虹林¹, 张贵权¹, 魏荣平¹, 陈锐¹, 王明磊¹, 何永果¹, 李倜¹, 李德生¹, 张和民¹, 黄炎^1*, 邹立扣^2*

1. 大熊猫国家公园珍稀动物保护生物学国家林业和草原局重点实验室, 中国大熊猫保护研究中心, 成都 611830;
2. 四川农业大学资源学院, 成都 611130

收稿日期:2020-04-30 出版日期:2020-11-25 发布日期:2020-11-20
通讯作者: 邹立扣,主要从事病原及细菌耐药性、肠道微生物等研究,E-mail:zoulikou@sicau.edu.cn;黄炎,主要从事大熊猫相关研究,E-mail:36641221@qq.com
作者简介:邓雯文(1994-),女,四川自贡人,硕士生,主要从事大熊猫分子遗传学研究,E-mail:dwenwen130@163.com;李才武(1981-),男,重庆忠县人,高级工程师,主要从事大熊猫临床兽医学研究,E-mail:83330019@qq.com
基金资助:
大熊猫国家公园珍稀动物保护生物学国家林业和草原局重点实验室开放基金项目（中国大熊猫保护研究中心）（KLSFGAGP2020.003）

Transcriptome Analysis of Microbiome and Parasites in Feces of Giant Pandas

DENG Wenwen¹, LI Caiwu¹, JIN Lei², LI Guo¹, WU Honglin¹, ZHANG Guiquan¹, WEI Rongping¹, CHEN Rui¹, WANG Minglei¹, HE Yongguo¹, LI Ti¹, LI Desheng¹, ZHANG Hemin¹, HUANG Yan^1*, ZOU Likou^2*

1. Key Laboratory of SFGA on Conservation Biology of Rare Animals in The Giant Panda National Park, Chengdu 611830, China;
2. College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China

Received:2020-04-30 Online:2020-11-25 Published:2020-11-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 旨在探究大熊猫粪便中微生物组成以及耐药基因和寄生虫的真实情况。采集6只健康成年大熊猫的新鲜粪便，利用宏转录组学测序技术分析大熊猫粪便微生物组成及功能、耐药基因种类、丰度和寄生虫的组成，探讨优势细菌与耐药基因的相关性。结果表明，大熊猫粪便内微生物种类多样，包括细菌、真菌和病毒等，但以细菌为主。在门水平上，细菌类群中厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）和变形菌门（Proteobacteria）为优势菌门，在真菌菌门中担子菌门（Basidiomycota）、子囊菌门（Ascomycota）和毛霉亚门（Mucoromycota）相对丰度较高，雌性和雄性大熊猫粪便菌群丰度没有显著性差异（P>0.05）。Unigenes功能分析表明，大熊猫粪便微生物的功能主要涉及碳水化合物、氨基酸代谢等过程。在大熊猫粪便中共检测出25大类、304种耐药基因，其中，外排泵类基因的种类最多、相对丰度最高。此外，在大熊猫粪便中共发现63属126种寄生虫，寄生虫种包括线虫、绦虫和吸虫，其中，线虫为优势虫种。通过相关性分析发现，链球菌属（Streptococcus）、埃希杆菌属（Escherichia）、肠球菌属（Enterococcus）、苏黎世杆菌属（Turicibacter）与外排泵类、喹诺酮类、四环素类、糖肽类、多肽类和磺胺类耐药基因呈显著正相关性（P<0.05）。本研究从宏转录组水平揭示了大熊猫粪便中微生物、耐药基因组成以及寄生虫种类，对大熊猫微生物相关疾病和寄生虫病防控具有重要意义。

关键词: 大熊猫, 宏转录组, 粪便微生物, 耐药基因, 寄生虫

Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the real microbial composition, antibiotic resistance genes and parasites in feces of giant pandas. Fresh feces of six health giant pandas were collected. The microbial composition and functions, the classes and relative abundance of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and parasites composition in the feces of giant pandas were analyzed by transcriptome sequencing, while the correlations between predominant bacteria and ARGs were determined. The results showed that the giant pandas contained different types of microbiomes, including bacteria, fungi and virus, most of which were bacteria. The main bacterial phyla in giant pandas consisted of Firmicutes and Proteobacteria, and the main fungal phyla consisted of Basidiomycota, Ascomycota and Mucoromycota. No significant difference of microbiomes in abundance between male and female giant pandas was observed (P>0.05). By analyzing the functions of differentially expressed Unigenes, it was found that microbiomes are mainly involved in the carbohydrates and amino acids metabolism. A total of 25 antibiotic classes and 304 ARGs were identified, and the class of efflux pump had the most related genes and highest relative abundance. Besides, a total of 126 parasites species, including nematodes, tapeworms, and trematodes from 63 genera have been found, while nematodes were the dominant species. Correlation analysis revealed that the genera Streptococcus, Escherichia, Enterococcus and Turicibacter significantly and positively correlated with the antibiotic classes of efflux pumps, quinolones, tetracyclines, glycopeptides, polypeptides and sulfonamides. This study revealed the composition of microbiomes, antibiotic resistance genes and parasite species in the feces of giant pandas through transcriptome level, which is of great significance for the prevention and controls microbial diseases and parasitic diseases in giant pandas.

Key words: giant panda, transcriptome, feces microbiome, antibiotic resistance gene, parasite

中图分类号:

S865.3

邓雯文, 李才武, 晋蕾, 李果, 吴虹林, 张贵权, 魏荣平, 陈锐, 王明磊, 何永果, 李倜, 李德生, 张和民, 黄炎, 邹立扣. 大熊猫粪便中微生物与寄生虫的宏转录组学分析[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2020, 51(11): 2812-2824.

DENG Wenwen, LI Caiwu, JIN Lei, LI Guo, WU Honglin, ZHANG Guiquan, WEI Rongping, CHEN Rui, WANG Minglei, HE Yongguo, LI Ti, LI Desheng, ZHANG Hemin, HUANG Yan, ZOU Likou. Transcriptome Analysis of Microbiome and Parasites in Feces of Giant Pandas[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2020, 51(11): 2812-2824.

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大熊猫粪便中微生物与寄生虫的宏转录组学分析

Transcriptome Analysis of Microbiome and Parasites in Feces of Giant Pandas

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