Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica ›› 2024, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (12): 5716-5724.doi: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2024.12.034

• Preventive Veterinary Medicine • Previous Articles     Next Articles

The Effects of Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus (BVDV)-induced Ferroptosis on Virus Replication

ZHANG Zixuan1,2(), ZHANG Ying1,2, LI Zhijun1,2, YANG Jingling1,2, JIANG Zihao1,2, HUANG Huamin1,2, QI Xuefeng1,2,*()   

  1. 1. College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
    2. Key Laboratory of Ruminant Disease Prevention and Control (West), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling 712100, China
  • Received:2023-12-12 Online:2024-12-23 Published:2024-12-27
  • Contact: QI Xuefeng E-mail:451095676@qq.com;yxyan2002@163.com

Abstract:

This study aimed to investigate the regulatory effect of bovine viral diarrhoea virus(BVDV) infection on ferroptosis in Madin-Darby Bovine Kidney(MDBK) cells and its effect on viral replication. Technologies such as confocal microscopy, Western blot, qPCR and electron microscopy were used to detect ferroptosis and the level of viral replication in BVDV-infected cells. Furthermore, the viral replication level and inflammatory cytokines expression in BVDV-infected cells pretreated with Fer-1, a commonly used ferroptosis inhibitor, were also detected. The results showed that, compared with the normal control group, the mortality rate of cells infected with BVDV (MOI=5) was significantly increased (P < 0.05), which was accompanied with increased levels of Fe2+ and lipid peroxidation (P < 0.05). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis revealed that BVDV-infected and Erastin-treated cells displayed shrunk mitochondria with fewer cristae, increased mitochondrial membrane density and decreased mitochondrial mean areas compared with those of mock-infected cells, which was a typical morphological feature of ferroptosis. Fer-1 treatment significantly inhibited the levels of viral replication in BVDV-infected cells (P < 0.05). In addition, ferroptosis induced by BVDV infection had positive regulatory effects on inflammatory cytokines expression, including IL-1β, IL-18 and IFN-β. The results suggested that BVDV infection can induce ferroptosis in host cells, and the induction of ferroptosis enhanced the level of viral replication and the expression of inflammatory cytokines.

Key words: bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV), ferroptosis, virus replication, inflammatory cytokines

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