免疫层析技术在猪常见病毒病快速检测中的应用

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2024.11.011

Abstract

Abstract:

Immunochromatography is a typical rapid diagnostic technology based on antigen-antibody-specific immune reaction, using different materials as tracer markers, which is rapid, specific and inexpensive, and has wide application value for on-site detection of common viral diseases in pigs. In this paper, based on the principle of immunochromatographic technology, the current common immunochromatographic techniques were categorized according to different signal manifestation modes, colorimetric immunochromatographic techniques, fluorescent immunochromatographic techniques of the representative markers were introduced in detail, the application of immunochromatographic techniques in the rapid detection of common porcine viral diseases was reviewed, and the advantages and challenges of immunochromatographic test strips with different markers were compared, with a view to providing ideas for the development of rapid detection techniques for porcine viral diseases.

Key words: immunochromatography, swine viral diseases, rapid detection, application

CLC Number:

S854.4

Hongde LU, Haoyang LIU, Shimiao GONG, Zhi YANG, Yuxuan WANG, Luhao WANG, Zhiyuan HE, Hong DONG. Application of Immunochromatographic Technique in the Rapid Detection of Common Swine Viral Diseases[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2024, 55(11): 4900-4911.

Figures/Tables 5

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免疫层析技术 Immunochromatographic assay	标记物 Marker	检测猪病毒种类 Detection of porcine virus types	参考文献 Reference
胶体金免疫层析 Colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay	胶体金	猪口蹄疫病毒、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒、猪瘟病毒、非洲猪瘟病毒、猪轮状病毒、猪伪狂犬病病毒、猪流行性腹泻病毒、猪传染性肠胃炎病毒、猪流感病毒、猪乙型脑炎病毒、猪丁型冠状病毒、猪血凝性脑脊髓炎病毒、水泡性口炎病毒、猪圆环病毒2型、猪圆环病毒3型	^[15-29]
乳胶免疫层析 Latex immunochromatographic assay	乳胶微球	非洲猪瘟病毒、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒、猪流行性腹泻病毒、猪圆环病毒2型	^{[14, 30-32]}

免疫层析技术 Immunochromatographic assay	标记物 Marker	检测猪病毒种类 Detection of porcine virus types	参考文献 Reference
荧光微球免疫层析 Fluorescent microbead immunochromatographic assay	荧光微球	猪圆环病毒2型、非洲猪瘟病毒、猪瘟病毒、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒、猪流行性腹泻病毒	^{[35, 51-54]}
时间分辨荧光免疫层析 Time-resolved fluorescence immunochromatographic assay	镧系元素、时间分辨荧光微球	猪伪狂犬病病毒、非洲猪瘟病毒、猪圆环病毒3型、口蹄疫病毒、猪流行性腹泻病毒	^{[41, 55-58]}
量子点免疫层析 Quantum dots immunochromatographic assay	量子点、量子点微球	猪伪狂犬病病毒、非洲猪瘟病毒、猪瘟病毒、猪流行性腹泻病毒	^[59-63]

标记物的类型 Types of markers	优点 Advantages	挑战 Challenges	参考文献 Reference
胶体金 Colloidal gold	几乎可以标记所有蛋白大分子，检测成本低，操作简单，检测结果直观，肉眼可观察，不需要特殊仪器设备	不可定量分析，采取物理吸附易使标记物脱离金颗粒，标记蛋白质团聚易造成假阳性	^{[7, 13, 68-72]}
乳胶微球 Latex microsphere	粒径高度均一、重复性好，可以节省抗原或抗体用量，显色稳定，成本相对较低，有较强的抗pH及离子干扰特性	检测灵敏度较低，只能得出定性或半定量结果	^{[14, 73]}
荧光微球 Fluorescent microsphere	具有相对稳定的形态结构，粒度均一、单分散性好、偶联效率高、发光效率高，可进行定量检测且重复性好	需要荧光读数器进行定量	^{[8, 17, 35-36]}
镧系元素 Lanthanide	具有良好的生物相容性，光稳定性高，无背景荧光干扰，荧光衰变时间长，灵敏度和抗干扰能力高	需要时间分辨荧光分析仪进行抗原、抗体定量，成本相对较高	^{[35, 37-42]}
量子点 Quantum dot	光学稳定性高，荧光强度高，吸收光谱宽，发射带窄，对光漂白和化学降解稳定性强，灵敏度高	生物环境中化学和胶体不稳定，荧光易减弱或猝灭，需要荧光读数器进行定量，成本较高	^[43-49]

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Application of Immunochromatographic Technique in the Rapid Detection of Common Swine Viral Diseases

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