热应激通过干扰生物钟系统影响反刍动物消化道屏障功能的研究进展

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.09.007

Abstract

Abstract:

In recent years, as the global greenhouse effect has become more serious, frequent extreme weather has caused huge economic losses to animal husbandry. Especially in the summer when heat waves are frequent, continuous high temperatures can cause heat stress reactions in ruminants, resulting in stunted growth and development, increased mortality, and serious restrictions on the high-quality development of animal husbandry. Studies have found that heat stress has a particularly significant impact on the intestinal health of young ruminants, causing disordered intestinal microbial flora structure, oxidative stress damage, and increased barrier permeability. However, most existing studies only explore intestinal damage caused by heat stress at a single time point, but the latest research reveals that intestinal barrier function is not static but shows circadian rhythmic changes. To this end, this article reviews the effects of heat stress on the circadian rhythm of the digestive tract biological clock and barrier function of ruminants on a diurnal time scale, in order to find potential pathways and mechanisms for heat stress to regulate digestive tract barrier function through the biological clock, and provide new ideas for precise production and environmental management of ruminants.

Key words: heat stress, biological clock, digestive tract barrier

CLC Number:

S815.4

YI Huanming, BAO Guosheng, WAN Hui, OU Jingyu, HE Xiaolong, REN Chunhuan, CHEN Jiahong, ZHANG Zijun, WANG Qiangjun. Research Progress of Heat Stress Affect Digestive Tract Barrier Function of Ruminants by Interfering with Biological Clock[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2025, 56(9): 4204-4214.

Figures/Tables 2

Fig. 1

Table 1

Amelioration of heat stress-induced intestinal barrier damage through modulation of circadian rhythms"

肠道损伤情况 Intestinal damage	采取措施 Measure	改善机理 Improvement mechanism	参考文献 References
持续高温扰乱体温的节律性波动，影响昼夜节律导致肠道通透性增加 Persistent high temperatures disrupt the rhythmic fluctuations of body temperature, affecting the circadian rhythm and leading to increased intestinal permeability	通过“喷淋+风扇”降温系统对动物体进行降温，其中，喷淋流量为1.3 L·min^-1可以有效降温，此平均粒径为0.80~1.00 mm的液滴最能平衡冷却效果和耗水量	通过降低动物体温，恢复其节律性，继而缓解生物钟系统紊乱，恢复对肠道紧密连接蛋白的调控，缓解肠道损伤	石富磊等^[86]，Li等^[87]
过量的ROS会导致细胞膜的流动性和渗透性改变，并最终导致细胞结构和功能的变化，破坏肠道屏障的完整性和功能 Excessive ROS can alter the fluidity and permeability of cell membranes, ultimately leading to changes in cell structure and function, compromising the integrity and functionality of the intestinal barrier	ROS达到每日最高水平时，在日粮中添加甘氨酸等抗氧化剂	甘氨酸通过抑制NF-κB激活来抑制ROS形成，增加了血清SOD、GPX和T-AOC的活性，并降低了血清H₂O₂和MDA的水平	Deng等^[88]
肠道微生物节律变化紊乱，有害菌群如沙门菌和大肠杆菌相对丰度增多，患溃疡性结肠炎或克罗恩病 Disruption of the circadian rhythm in gut microbiota leads to an increase in the relative abundance of harmful bacteria such as Salmonella and Escherichia coli, increasing the risk of developing ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease	通过补充益生菌，如SCFA产生相关的丁酸梭菌等	丁酸梭菌可以增加双歧杆菌和乳酸菌等有益菌的丰度，抑制致病菌，修复肠道微生物节律，并且还可以增加SCFAs的含量，维护肠道通透性	Dou等^[89]
HSF1的异常激活会促进炎症反应的加剧，干扰正常的细胞周期控制，导致肠道屏障功能的破坏，甚至可能引发癌变 Aberrant activation of HSF1 promotes the exacerbation of inflammatory responses, interferes with normal cell cycle control, impairs intestinal barrier function, and may even trigger carcinogenesis	对动物注射DTHIB等HSF1阻断剂	DTHIB与HSF1 DBD直接结合，抑制HSF1的转录活性，并选择性地刺激核HSF1的降解，降低核HSF1丰度，恢复节律功能	Dong等^[90]

Table 1

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Research Progress of Heat Stress Affect Digestive Tract Barrier Function of Ruminants by Interfering with Biological Clock

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