饲粮中添加绿原酸对热应激母兔繁殖性能及其仔兔生长的影响

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.02.025

Abstract

Abstract:

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of chlorogenic acid (CGA) on the reproductive performance of female rabbits and the growth of suckling rabbits under heat stress conditions, and to screen the optimum dosage of CGA supplemented in basal diet. Four hundred and sixty Hyla female rabbits with similar body weight and parity were randomly assigned into five groups: Control group (basal diet), CGA-200 group (basal diet+200 mg·kg^-1 CGA), CGA-400 group (basal diet+400 mg·kg^-1 CGA), CGA-600 group (basal diet+600 mg·kg^-1 CGA) and CGA-800 group (basal diet+800 mg·kg^-1 CGA). The pre-feeding period lasted for 7 days, and the experimental period lasted for 71 days. During the experiment, the environmental temperature and relative humidity of the rabbit house were monitored and recorded to calculate the temperature-humidity index (THI), and the reproductive performance and serum antioxidant capacity were determined. The results of THI showed that the proportions of heat stress conditions were 67%, in which extreme heat stress, severe heat stress and moderate heat stress were 27%, 20% and 20%, respectively. Results showed that the conception rate and farrowing rate in CGA-400 group were significantly elevated by 29.08 percentage points (71.25% vs. 42.17%) and 18.77 percentage points (52.50% vs. 33.73%), respectively, when compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the litter size and number of kits born alive in 400 mg·kg^-1 CGA group were significantly enhanced by 0.80 (8.36 vs. 7.56) and 1.01 (7.64 vs. 6.63) (P < 0.05). Moreover, 400 mg·kg^-1 CGA supplementation significantly enhanced overall weight of the litter, the weight of litters born alive, and the average body weight of kits born alive when compared with control group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, dietary supplemented with 400 mg·kg^-1 CGA significantly increased the litter weight and average body weight of suckling rabbits at 7, 14, 21 and 35 days after birth (P < 0.05). Additionally, dietary supplemented with 400 mg·kg^-1 CGA significantly enhanced the concentration of progesterone (P), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities(P < 0.05), and significantly reduced MDA concentration in the serum of females rabbits when compared with that of the control group at the 15th day of gestation (P < 0.05). Collectively, dietary supplemented with 400 mg·kg^-1 CGA significantly improved reproductive performance of female rabbits and the growth of suckling rabbits under heat stress. In conclusion, 400 mg·kg^-1 CGA can alleviate heat stress-induced oxidative stress, improve reproductive performance of female rabbits and the growth of suckling rabbits.

Key words: chlorogenic acid, heat stress, female rabbit, reproductive performance, suckling rabbits

CLC Number:

S829.1

LIANG Hui, ZHAO Jing, WANG Yanya, LONG Runze, LIU Xuyang, WU Yingjie, LIU Ning, QIN Yinghe. Effects of Dietary Chlorogenic Acid on Reproductive Performance of Female Rabbits and Growth of Suckling Rabbits under Heat Stress Conditions[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2025, 56(2): 755-764.

Figures/Tables 6

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References 27

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原料 Raw material	含量 Content	营养水平²⁾ Nutritional level	含量 Content
玉米Corn	14.00	消化能/(MJ·kg^-1) Digestible energy	11.30
次粉Wheat middling	4.00	干物质Dry matter	91.50
麸皮Wheat bran	7.60	粗蛋白质Crude protein	18.69
羊草Chinese wildrye	6.00	粗脂肪Ether extract	3.37
黑啤酒糟Dark brewer grain	15.00	粗纤维Crude fiber	16.13
花生壳Peanut shell	5.00	中性洗涤纤维Neutral detergent fiber	37.74
豆粕Soybean meal	10.00	酸性洗涤纤维Acid detergent fiber	21.23
大豆油Soybean oil	0.50	粗灰分Crude ash	8.72
白杆粉Picea meyeri powder	5.00	盐Sodium chloride	0.45
麦芽根Malt root	8.50	钙Calcium	1.12
棕榈粕Palm kernel meal	5.00	磷Phosphorus	0.77
稻壳粉Rice shell powder	7.30	赖氨酸Lysine	0.92
花生秧粉Peanut seedling powder	7.00	总蛋氨酸Total methionine	0.44
预混料Premix¹⁾	5.10	苏氨酸Threonine	0.62

项目 Item	对照组 Control group	CGA-200组 CGA-200 group	CGA-400组 CGA-400 group	CGA-600组 CGA-600 group	CGA-800组 CGA-800 group
参配母兔(妊娠母兔)/只 No. of rabbit accepted mating (No. of pregnant rabbit)	83(35)	77(46)	80(57)	82(55)	79(44)
受胎率/% Conception rate	42.17^b	59.74^a	71.25^a	67.07^a	55.70^b
产仔率/% Farrowing rate	33.73^b	37.66^b	52.50^a	48.78^a	34.18^b
窝产仔数/只 Litter size	7.56±0.51^b	7.25±0.46^b	8.36±0.50^a	8.37±0.60^a	8.50±0.53^a
窝产活仔数/只 No. of rabbit born alive	6.63±0.62^b	6.50±0.76^b	7.64±0.50^a	7.74±0.81^a	7.90±0. 74^a
窝产死胎数/只 No. of rabbit born dead	0.94±0.57	0.75±0.46	0.71±0. 47	0.63±0.50	0.60±0.52
初生总窝重/g Total litter weight	493.75±20.62^c	492.50±21.21^c	557.86±21.90^a	536.84±27.09^b	541.00±15.24^ab
初生活仔窝重/g Litter weight born alive	433.13±31.56^b	446.25±31.59^b	525.00±21.03^a	507.89±35.21^a	515.00±31.71^a
初生活仔均重/g Average weight of rabbit born alive	65.53±2.46^b	68.95±3.05^a	68.89±4.10^a	66.36±3.12^ab	65.43±3.63^b

项目 Item	对照组 Control group	CGA-200组 CGA-200 group	CGA-400组 CGA-400 group	CGA-600组 CGA-600 group	CGA-800组 CGA-800 group
7 d窝仔兔数/只 No. of rabbits per litter at 7 d	5.99±0.47^b	5.80±0.32^b	6.27±0.47^a	6.73±0.47^a	6.8±0.42^a
7 d仔兔窝重/g Litter weight at 7 d	703.00±29.08^c	686.00±22.71^c	794.55±32.97^ab	812.73±33.4^a	769.00±31.42^b
7 d仔兔均重/g Average weight of rabbits at 7 d	117.51±5.34^bc	116.47±4.85^c	126.97±5.15^a	121.06±4.25^b	113.26±3.70^c
14 d窝仔兔数/只 No. of rabbits per litter at 14 d	5.90±0.54	5.80±0.42	6.18±0.40	6.27±0.47	6.20±0.42
14 d仔兔窝重/g Litter weight at 14 d	1 237.27±69.58^c	1 228.00±65.12^c	1 456.36±44.78^a	1 360.90±52.62^b	1 373.00±34.98^b
14 d仔兔均重/g Average weight of rabbits at 14 d	210.06±8.77^c	212.07±6.17^c	236.04±7.73^a	217.47±7.88^bc	222.03±9.81^b
21 d窝仔兔数/只 No. of rabbits per litter at 21 d	5.82±0. 40^ab	5.70±0.48^b	6.10±0.32^a	6.16±0.40^a	6.10±0.32^a
21 d仔兔窝重/g Litter weight at 21 d	1 807.27±112.88^b	1 816.00±126.60^b	1 956.00±81.40^a	1 967.50±81.37^a	1 949.00±54.86^a
21 d仔兔均重/g Average weight of rabbits at 21 d	310.79±3.18^b	319.00±5.65^a	320.81±4.78^a	319.42±6.67^a	319.83±7.35^a
35 d窝仔兔数/只 No. of rabbits per litter at 35 d	5.73±0.47^ab	5.60±0.52^b	5.90±0.32^ab	6.08±0.29^a	5.80±0.42^ab
35 d仔兔窝重/g Litter weight at 35 d	3 995.45±255.44^b	3 941.00±320.67^b	4 359.09±216.22^a	4 293.33±94.80^a	4 085.00±228.05^b
35 d仔兔均重/g Average weight of rabbits at 35 d	698.73±18.55^b	704.43±10.07^b	737.79±7.40^a	706.63±23.14^b	705.23±15.84^b

平均采食量 Average feed intake	对照组 Control	CGA-200组 CGA-200 group	CGA-400组 CGA-400 group	CGA-600组 CGA-600 group	CGA-800组 CGA-800 group
妊娠前期(0~10 d) First trimester(0-10 d)	287.60±12.30^c	356.60±7.13^a	326.60±6.50^b	345.00±13.89^a	342.00±12.17^a
妊娠中期(11~20 d) Second trimester(11-20 d)	367.00±6.56^c	429.80±7.43^a	427.80±7.05^a	413.40±11.15^b	407.60±6.12^b
妊娠后期(21~30 d) Late pregnancy(21-30 d)	216.60±20.59	220.60±22.40	222.80±18.50	223.80±8.58	228.80±16.26
哺乳期 Lactation	339.50±11.13^b	335.00±12.25^b	362.90±8.58^a	365.20±10.69^a	358.10±10.04^a

项目 Item	对照组 Control group	CGA-200组 CGA-200 group	CGA-400组 CGA-400 group	CGA-600组 CGA-600 group	CGA-800组 CGA-800 group
孕酮/(ng·mL^－1) P	2.99±0.92^b	0.31±0.15^b	22.45±5.50^a	19.30±4.11^a	4.40±3.66^b
雌二醇/(pg·mL^－1) E₂	9.43±1.58^b	23.50±2.38^a	10.39±1.12^b	9.63±1.86^b	10.24±3.10^b
超氧化物歧化酶/(U·mL^－1) SOD	366.02±6.78^b	372.22±7.65^b	380.62±4.32^a	368.01±6.30^b	373.52±7.15^b
丙二醛/(nmol·mL^－1) MDA	4.56±0.34^ab	4.33±0.25^b	3.77±0.14^c	4.26±0.30^b	4.98±0.18^a
谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶/(U·mL^－1) GSH-px	880.57±11.62^b	916.25±37.75^ab	952.63±8.90^a	911.06±39.68^ab	912.91±24.64^ab
总抗氧化能力/(U·mL^－1) T-AOC	13.36±0.25^c	13.94±0.03^b	14.67±0.04^ab	14.13±0.45^a	14.66±0.44^a

Effects of Dietary Chlorogenic Acid on Reproductive Performance of Female Rabbits and Growth of Suckling Rabbits under Heat Stress Conditions

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