低蛋白饲粮钙、非植酸磷水平与电解质平衡值对肉仔鸡生长、血清指标及养分代谢率的影响

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2026.01.025

Abstract

Abstract:

The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effects of different calcium （Ca）， non-phytic phosphorus （NPP） levels and electrolyte balance （DEB） value in a low protein diet on growth performance， serum biochemical indices and metabolic rate of nutrients in broilers. A 3×3 two-factor completely randomized design was adopted. Three dietary calcium and non-phytate phosphorus levels were 0.70% Ca and 0.35% NPP， 0.80% Ca and 0.40% NPP， 0.90% Ca and 0.45%NPP， respectively. And three levels of dietary electrolyte balance （Na⁺+K⁺-Cl^-） were 200， 250 and 300 mmol·kg^-1， respectively. In addition， dietary crude protein level was 19.5%. A total of 324 1-day-old Arbor Acres （AA） male broilers were randomly allotted to 1 of 9 treatments with 6 replicate cages per treatment and 6 birds per cage. The experimental period was 21 days. The results showed that： 1） Dietary Ca， NPP and DEB value and their interaction had no significant effect （P>0.05） on growth performance of broilers from 1 to 21 d of age； 2） The interaction of dietary Ca， NPP and DEB value had significant effect （P<0.05） on the alanine aminotransferase （ALT） activity in serum. As dietary Ca and NPP levels were 0.70% and 0.35%， the serum ALT activity from broilers in the 300 mmol·kg^-1 DEB value group was significantly higher （P<0.05） than that of the 200 and 250 mmol·kg^-1 DEB value groups. As the levels of Ca and NPP were 0.80% and 0.40%， the serum ALT activity from broilers in the 250 or 300 mmol·kg^-1 DEB value groups was significantly lower （P<0.05） than that in the 200 mmol·kg^-1 DEB value group. As the levels of Ca and NPP were 0.90% and 0.45%， DEB levels had no significant effect （P>0.05） on serum ALT activity； 3） As dietary Ca and NPP levels increased， the apparent metabolic rate of Ca decreased significantly （P<0.05）. The apparent metabolic rates of dry matter， crude protein and Ca in broilers from 300 mmol·kg^-1 DEB value group were significantly higher （P<0.05） than those in 250 and 200 mmol·kg^-1 DEB value groups. As the levels of dietary Ca and NPP were 0.70% and 0.35%， 300 mmol·kg^-1 DEB value could significantly increase （P<0.05） the apparent metabolic rate of P compared with the 200 and 250 mmol·kg^-1 DEB value. And as the levels of Ca and NPP were 0.90% and 0.45%， the apparent metabolic rate of P in 300 mmol·kg^-1 DEB value group was significantly higher （P<0.05） than that in the 200 mmol·kg^-1 group. These results indicated that the Ca and NPP levels of 0.80% and 0.40% and DEB value of 300 mmol·kg^-1 in a low protein diet （Crude protein： 19.5%） were optimal for the growth and nutrient utilization in broilers from 1 to 21 d of age.

Key words: calcium, non-phytic phosphorus, electrolyte balance, low protein diet, broilers

CLC Number:

S831.5

LI Shunying, DENG Shiwei, LIAO Xiudong, HUANG Liang, LI Xiaoran, WANG Chong, ZHANG Liyang, LÜ Lin. Effects of Calcium and Non-Phytate Phosphorus Levels and Electrolyte Balance Value in a Low-Protein Diet on the Growth Performance， Serum Parameters and Metabolic Rate of Nutrients in Broilers[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2026, 57(1): 294-304.

Figures/Tables 5

Table 1

Feed ingredients and nutrient levels of the basal diet （as-fed basis）"

饲粮钙和非植酸磷水平/% Dietary Ca and NPP level	Ca 0.70%+ NPP 0.35%			Ca 0.80%+ NPP 0.40%			Ca 0.90%+ NPP 0.45%
饲粮电解质平衡值/（mmol·kg^-1） DEB value	200	250	300	200	250	300	200	250	300
原料 Ingredients
玉米 Corn	56.30	56.30	56.30	56.30	56.30	56.30	56.30	56.30	56.30
豆粕 Soybean meal	34.10	34.10	34.10	34.10	34.10	34.10	34.10	34.10	34.10
大豆油 Soybean oil	4.43	4.43	4.43	4.43	4.43	4.43	4.43	4.43	4.43
磷酸氢钙 Dicalcium phosphate¹	0.95	0.95	0.95	1.25	1.25	1.25	1.50	1.50	1.50
碳酸钙 Calcium carbonate¹	0.94	0.94	0.94	1.04	1.04	1.04	1.15	1.15	1.15
氯化钠 Sodium chloride¹	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30
DL-蛋氨酸 DL-Methionine¹	0.31	0.31	0.31	0.31	0.31	0.31	0.31	0.31	0.31
L-赖氨酸 L-Lysine hydrochloride	0.16	0.16	0.16	0.16	0.16	0.16	0.16	0.16	0.16
L-苏氨酸 L-Threonine	0.08	0.08	0.08	0.08	0.08	0.08	0.08	0.08	0.08
色氨酸 Tryptophan	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01
沙砾 Gravel²	0.81	0.81	0.81	0.41	0.41	0.41	0.05	0.05	0.05
碳酸氢钠 NaHCO₃	0.002	0.42	0.85	0.002	0.42	0.85	0.002	0.42	0.85
沸石粉 Zeolite powder³	1.30	0.88	0.45	1.30	0.88	0.45	1.30	0.88	0.45
预混料 Premix⁴	0.31	0.31	0.31	0.31	0.31	0.31	0.31	0.31	0.31
营养水平 Nutrition level
代谢能/（MJ·kg^-1） Metabolizable energy	12.55	12.55	12.55	12.55	12.55	12.55	12.55	12.55	12.55
粗蛋白质 Crude protein⁵	19.67	19.55	19.54	19.46	19.62	19.36	19.38	19.65	19.46
赖氨酸 Lysine	1.18	1.18	1.18	1.18	1.18	1.18	1.18	1.18	1.18
蛋氨酸 Methionine	0.61	0.61	0.61	0.61	0.61	0.61	0.61	0.61	0.61
苏氨酸 Threonine	0.83	0.83	0.83	0.83	0.83	0.83	0.83	0.83	0.83
色氨酸 Tryptophan	0.24	0.24	0.24	0.24	0.24	0.24	0.24	0.24	0.24
蛋氨酸+胱氨酸 Methionine+Cystine	0.93	0.93	0.93	0.93	0.93	0.93	0.93	0.93	0.93
钙 Calcium⁵	0.67	0.68	0.68	0.78	0.77	0.80	0.89	0.86	0.93
总磷 Total phosphorus⁵	0.56	0.54	0.53	0.60	0.58	0.58	0.62	0.62	0.64
非植酸磷 Non-phytate phosphorus⁵	0.32	0.32	0.34	0.38	0.42	0.36	0.46	0.48	0.48
钠 Sodium⁵	0.11	0.21	0.34	0.12	0.24	0.36	0.13	0.22	0.32
钾 Kalium⁵	0.96	1.08	0.98	0.98	0.95	0.98	0.97	1.00	0.96
氯 Chlorine⁵	3.87	4.34	3.40	3.24	3.35	2.89	2.54	3.07	2.17
饲粮电解质平衡值/（mmol·kg^-1） DEB value ⁵	201	244	304	214	253	326	235	265	323

Table 1

Table 2

Fig.1

Table 3

Table 4

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饲粮钙和非植酸磷水平 Dietary Ca and NPP level	饲粮电解质平衡值/（mmol·kg^-1） DEB value	平均日采食量/（g·d^-1） Average dailyfeed intake	平均日增重/（g·d^—1） Average daily gain	料重比 The ratio of feed to gain
钙0.70%非植酸磷0.35% Ca 0.70% NPP 0.35%	200	40.27	32.47	1.25
	250	45.49	33.10	1.37
	300	44.78	34.56	1.30
钙0.80%非植酸磷0.40% Ca 0.80% NPP 0.40%	200	50.76	32.78	1.55
	250	45.84	34.00	1.35
	300	45.30	32.97	1.37
钙0.90%非植酸磷0.45% Ca 0.90% NPP 0.45%	200	42.24	32.43	1.30
	250	45.65	33.57	1.36
	300	43.44	32.20	1.35
集合标准误 SEM		2.21	0.92	0.07
P值 P-value
饲粮钙和非植酸磷Dietary Ca and NPP		0.076	0.668	0.124
饲粮电解质平衡DEB		0.747	0.408	0.921
饲粮钙和非植酸磷电解质平衡 Dietary Ca and NPPDEB		0.128	0.542	0.169

饲粮钙和非植酸磷水平 Dietary Ca and NPP level	饲粮电解质平衡值/（mmol·kg^-1） DEB value	AST/ （U·L^-1）	TP/ （g·L^-1）	ALB/ （g·L^-1）	GLB/ （U·L^-1）	TC/ （mmol·L^-1）	TG/ （mmol·L^-1）	GLU/ （mmol·L^-1）	UREA/ （mmol·L^-1）	UA/ （μmol·L^-1）
钙0.70%非植酸磷0.35% Ca 0.70% NPP 0.35%	200	65.13	6.000	2.417	3.583	0.865	0.154	2.660	0.255	76.60
	250	126.6	9.517	4.133	5.383	1.458	0.218	3.853	0.278	140.4
	300	107.3	9.242	3.728	5.513	1.335	0.214	3.468	0.318	145.1
钙0.80%非植酸磷0.4% Ca 0.80% NPP 0.40%	200	101.2	6.870	2.47	4.400	0.951	0.143	2.482	0.243	95.14
	250	95.03	8.168	3.06	5.108	1.073	0.197	3.065	0.199	114.6
	300	83.98	7.443	2.742	4.702	1.023	0.186	2.887	0.277	124.8
钙0.90%非植酸磷0.45% Ca 0.90% NPP 0.45%	200	78.45	6.567	2.407	4.160	0.975	0.168	2.862	0.338	121.7
	250	83.35	5.634	1.974	3.660	1.027	0.186	2.505	0.260	102.3
	300	61.63	5.340	2.295	3.045	0.713	0.133	2.073	0.244	74.21
集合标准误 SEM		26.21	2.108	0.965	1.089	0.324	0.046	0.787	0.048	24.94
P值 P-value
饲粮钙和非植酸磷水平Dietary Ca and NPP level		0.489	0.383	0.393	0.344	0.489	0.683	0.444	0.417	0.580
饲粮电解质平衡值DEB value		0.623	0.753	0.694	0.760	0.623	0.490	0.772	0.714	0.549
饲粮钙和非植酸磷水平电解质平衡值 Dietary Ca and NPP levelDEB value		0.692	0.828	0.927	0.714	0.822	0.873	0.846	0.508	0.217

饲粮钙和非植酸磷水平 Dietary Ca and NPP level	饲粮电解质平衡值/（mmol·kg^-1） DEB value	干物质表观代谢率/% DM apparent metabolic rate	粗蛋白表观代谢率/% CP apparent metabolic rate	钙表观代谢率/% Ca apparent metabolic rate	磷表观代谢率/% P apparent metabolic rate
钙0.70%非植酸磷0.35% Ca 0.70% NPP 0.35%	200	69.59	60.62	47.63	27.35^e
	250	70.37	61.58	51.83	28.93^de
	300	71.27	61.39	54.56	40.20^a
钙0.80%非植酸磷0.40% Ca 0.80% NPP 0.40%	200	68.90	59.62	43.59	32.33^cd
	250	69.63	58.08	44.56	35.28^abc
	300	71.92	63.97	52.33	35.11^abc
钙0.90%非植酸磷0.45% Ca 0.90% NPP 0.45%	200	68.46	58.42	42.92	32.99^bcd
	250	69.67	59.70	40.32	37.06^ab
	300	71.06	61.72	46.86	39.01^a
集合标准误 SEM		0.886 8	1.214	1.838	1.566
饲粮钙和非植酸磷水平Dietary Ca and NPP level
钙0.70%非植酸磷0.35% Ca 0.7% NPP 0.35%		70.41	61.19	51.34^a	32.16
钙0.80%非植酸磷0.40% Ca 0.80% NPP 0.40%		70.15	60.56	46.82^b	34.24
钙0.90%非植酸磷0.45% Ca 0.90% NPP 0.45%		69.73	59.95	43.37^c	36.35
集合标准误 SEM		0.5120	0.700 9	1.178	1.004
饲粮电解质平衡值/（mmol·kg^-1）DEB value
200		68.98^b	59.56^b	44.71^b	30.90
250		69.89^b	59.79^b	45.57^b	33.76
300		71.41^a	62.36^a	51.25^a	38.10
集合标准误 SEM		0.512 0	0.700 9	1.178	1.004
P值 P-value
饲粮钙和非植酸磷水平Dietary Ca and NPP level		0.644	0.460	<0.000 1	0.018
饲粮电解质平衡值DEB value		0.006	0.012	0.000 4	<0.000 1
饲粮钙和非植酸磷水平电解质平衡值 Dietary Ca and NPP levelDEB value		0.928	0.183	0.413	0.017

Effects of Calcium and Non-Phytate Phosphorus Levels and Electrolyte Balance Value in a Low-Protein Diet on the Growth Performance， Serum Parameters and Metabolic Rate of Nutrients in Broilers

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