猪流行性腹泻病毒感染仔猪的免疫器官组织病理学和部分细胞因子变化

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.10.038

Abstract

Abstract:

The aim of this study was to explore the effect of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) infected piglets on the immune organs, eight healthy 5-day-old piglets were randomly divided into control group (n=4) and PEDV-infected group (n=4). The clinical symptoms of piglets infected with PEDV were observed, and the thymus, spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes, inferior iliac lymph nodes, inguinal lymph nodes, anterior shoulder lymph nodes, mandibular lymph nodes and hilar lymph nodes were collected after 2 days of viral infection. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to examine the pathological changes of the immune tissues and organs. Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western blot and RT-qPCR were used to detect the distribution pattern of PEDV, PEDV-N mRNA and protein levels, and transcription levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interferon β (IFN-β), interleukin 1 (IL-1) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in the immune system. (Result) Compared with the control group, the infected piglets exhibited symptoms of watery diarrhea beginning at 1 day postinfection (dpi), and the lymph nodes were congested with different degrees at 2 dpi. The increased red pulp, the rupture of cells in splenic sinus, and the indistinct boundary between splenic cord and splenic sinus were observed in the infected spleen via HE staining. Trabecular hyperplasia was detected in mesenteric lymph nodes. Furthermore, the lymph nodes became unclear in structure and decreased in number. IHC and RT-qPCR results showed that PEDV was distributed in multiple immune organs, and the viral load was the highest in mesenteric lymph nodes. Unexpectedly, PEDV-N protein was not detected in all immune tissues using Western blot. In addition, it was found that the transcription levels of TNF-α, IFN-β, and IL-1 increased in the infected spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes. This study demonstrated that PEDV infection destroyed the structure of immune organs and had a significant effect on the mRNA levels of TNF-α, IFN-β, and IL-1, and provided important information in understanding the pathogenic mechanism of PEDV.

Key words: porcine epidemic diarrhea virus, piglets, immune organs, pathological injury, immune-related factors, virus distribution

CLC Number:

S858.285.3

LI Hao, XU Qiaoyu, JIN Xiaohui, CHEN Hongying, LI Qinghao, JIN Xin, MA Junxing, MA Shijie, WEI Zhanyong. Histopathological Changes of Immune Organs and Alterations of Cytokines in Piglets Infected with Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2025, 56(10): 5190-5201.

Figures/Tables 5

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References 29

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Histopathological Changes of Immune Organs and Alterations of Cytokines in Piglets Infected with Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus

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