头胎荷斯坦牛乳尿素氮及其与产奶性状和体细胞评分的遗传分析

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2024.12.018

Abstract

Abstract:

The aim of this study was to study the genetic parameters of milk urea nitrogen and its genetic and phenotypic correlations with milk production traits (milk yield, milk protein percentage, milk fat percentage) and somatic cell score in Holstein cows in Shandong Province. In this study, we used data from 99 732 DHI records of 15 497 first-calf Chinese Holstein cows in Shandong Province between 2016 and 2022, and the effects of farm, calving year, calving season, calving age in months, and stage of lactation were used as fixed effects, and individual additive genetic effects as well as permanent environmental effects were used as random effects, the genetic parameters were estimated using the DMU software, and AI-REML combined with the EM algorithm with the repetition force model for genetic parameter estimation.The results showed that the heritability of milk urea nitrogen, milk yield, milk fat percentage, milk protein percentage and somatic cell score were 0.129, 0.252, 0.188, 0.257, 0.110, respectively, which were low to medium heritability; the repeatability was 0.132, 0.513, 0.231, 0.320, 0.339, respectively, which were medium repeatability except for milk urea nitrogen; the genetic correlation between milk urea nitrogen and milk yield, milk fat percentage, milk protein percentage and somatic cell score had genetic correlations of -0.02, 0.20, 0.04 and -0.11, respectively; and phenotypic correlations of 0.01, 0.05, 0.01 and -0.015 were near zero, respectively. The results indicate that milk urea nitrogen has a weak genetic and phenotypic correlation with milk production traits and somatic cell score. Therefore, it is feasible to select for milk urea nitrogen without adversely affecting milk production traits, as well as incorporating it into Holstein cattle breeding efforts

Key words: milk urea nitrogen, Chinese Holstein, genetic analysis

CLC Number:

S823.2

ZHANG Miao, PEI Fen, JU Lin, ZHAO Xiuxin, YANG Jian, XUE Guanghui, XU Qianwen, LIU Yan, ZHANG Yuanpei, CAI Gaozhan, GAO Yundong, YU Ying, WANG Xiao, LI Jianbin. Genetic Analysis of Milk Urea Nitrogen, Milk Production Traits, and Somatic Cell Score in First Lactation of Holstein Cattle[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2024, 55(12): 5527-5537.

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References 40

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效应名称 Effect name	自由度 df	F值 F-value	P值 P-value
牛场Herd	18	3 442.954	< 0.001
产犊年Calving year	7	256.034	< 0.001
产犊季节Calving season	2	6.058	< 0.05
产犊月龄Calving month	3	1 170.762	< 0.001
泌乳阶段Lactation stage	9	10.524	< 0.01

性状 Trait	最大值 Max	最小值 Min	平均值 Average	标准差 SD
乳尿素氮/(mg·dL^-1) MUN	17.94	6.88	12.53	2.34
产奶量/kg MY	49.71	12.26	33.82	7.48
乳蛋白率/% MPP	4.10	2.64	3.30	0.28
乳脂率/% MFP	5.65	2.15	3.78	0.70
体细胞评分SCS	6	0	2.24	1.45

牛场 Herd	MUN平均值/ (mg·dL^-1) Average	标准差 SD	数据记录量 Data record
1	11.85^h	2.34	3 530
2	12.02^f	2.44	3 442
3	12.23^f	2.36	3 232
4	12.23^f	2.21	3 304
5	12.60^d	2.36	3 927
6	11.56ⁱ	2.11	3 009
7	11.52ⁱ	2.48	3 168
8	11.27^j	2.15	4 160
9	12.57^d	2.30	4 687
10	11.61ⁱ	2.41	5 268
11	12.53^de	2.14	2 982
12	12.50^d	2.23	3 159
13	12.23^f	2.29	3 743
14	12.86^c	2.40	4 507
15	13.55^a	2.39	5 871
16	12.47^e	2.58	7 945
17	12.60^d	2.32	9 088
18	13.39^b	1.90	11 805
19	12.93^c	2.01	12 906

产犊年 Calving year	MUN平均值/ (mg·dL^-1)Average	标准差 SD	数据记录量 Data records
2015年	12.29^d	2.42	465
2016年	11.89^d	2.43	3 466
2017年	11.83^e	2.12	4 840
2018年	12.25^d	2.24	7 791
2019年	12.31^d	2.36	9 377
2020年	12.80^b	3.43	21 149
2021年	12.39^c	3.24	35 448
2022年	13.09^a	2.34	17 196

产犊季节 Calving season	MUN平均值/ (mg·dL^-1) Average	标准差 SD	数据记录 Data record
春、秋季Spring, autumn	12.55^b	3.35	54 470
夏季Summer	12.62^a	2.30	21 374
冬季Winter	12.44^c	2.36	23 888

Genetic Analysis of Milk Urea Nitrogen, Milk Production Traits, and Somatic Cell Score in First Lactation of Holstein Cattle

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产犊月龄 Calving month	MUN平均值/ (mg·dL^-1) Average	标准差 SD	数据记录 Data record
22~25	12.58^a	2.33	80 726
26~29	12.36^b	2.38	15 799
30~33	12.16^c	2.40	2 552
34~38	12.08^c	2.38	655

泌乳阶段/d Lactation stage	MUN平均值/ (mg·dL^-1) Average	标准差 SD	数据记录量 Data record
5~35	11.93^e	2.33	8 544
36~65	12.06^d	2.29	10 079
66~95	12.43^c	2.31	10 794
96~125	12.59^b	2.30	11 158
126~155	12.71^c	2.33	11 266
156~185	12.74^a	2.43	11 209
186~215	12.79^a	2.31	11 079
216~245	12.73^a	2.34	10 218
246~275	12.70^a	2.35	9 378
276~305	12.70^a	2.37	6 007

性状 Trait	加性遗传方差 σ_a²	永久环境方差 σ_pe²	残差方差 σ_e²	遗传力 h²	重复力 r²
乳尿素氮MUN	0.88	0.017	5.90	0.129	0.132
产奶量MY	14.41	14.92	27.81	0.252	0.513
乳蛋白率MPP	0.021	0.005 1	0.056	0.257	0.320
乳脂率MFP	0.11	0.026	0.45	0.188	0.231
体细胞评分SCS	0.24	0.50	1.45	0.110	0.339

性状 Trait	乳尿素氮 MUN	产奶量 MY	乳蛋白率 MPP	乳脂率 MFP	体细胞评分 SCS
乳尿素氮MUN		0.01	0.01	0.05	-0.015
产奶量MY	-0.02		-0.18	-0.11	-0.030
乳蛋白率MPP	0.04	-0.34		0.15	0.027
乳脂率MFP	0.20	-0.19	0.40		0.018
体细胞评分SCS	-0.11	-0.19	0.10	0.19

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