畜禽m6A甲基化修饰及营养调控研究进展

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.09.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

N6-甲基腺苷(m⁶A)甲基化修饰是由m⁶A甲基转移酶、m⁶A去甲基化酶和m⁶A识别蛋白共同介导的一种动态、可逆的转录后修饰，是真核生物体内最丰富的RNA修饰。近年来，m⁶A甲基化在畜禽生产中的生物学功能逐渐被揭示，其参与调控畜禽生长发育、生殖生理、糖脂代谢、氧化应激和细胞损伤等生命过程。畜禽生产中营养、环境、疾病等因素的变化会干扰机体m⁶A甲基化修饰进而影响畜禽生理代谢过程，而通过营养调控手段可恢复甲基化稳态实现对畜禽生长、发育和疾病等方面的调节。本文对上述内容进行综述，为提高畜禽生长性能、保障畜禽健康提供新的见解和思路。

关键词: m⁶A甲基化修饰, 甲基化稳态, 营养调控, 畜禽

Abstract:

N6-methyladenosine (m⁶A) methylation represents a dynamic and reversible post-transcriptional modification regulated by m⁶A methyltransferases, m⁶A demethylases, and m⁶A reader proteins. It is recognized as the most prevalent RNA modification in eukaryotic organisms. Recent studies have progressively elucidated the biological roles of m⁶A methylation in livestock and poultry production, highlighting its involvement in regulating critical life processes, including growth and development, reproductive physiology, glucose and lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, and cellular damage. Alterations in factors such as nutrition, environment, and disease within livestock and poultry production can disrupt m⁶A methylation modifications, thereby impacting the physiological metabolic processes of these animals. Nonetheless, nutritional regulation strategies have the potential to restore methylation homeostasis, thereby facilitating the regulation of growth, development, and diseases in livestock and poultry. This article provides a comprehensive review of these topics, offering novel insights and strategies for enhancing growth performance and ensuring the health of livestock and poultry.

Key words: m⁶A methylation modification, methylation homeostasis, nutrients regulation, livestock and poultry

中图分类号:

S852.2

白广栋, 楼泽楷, 王瑞琪, 赵轩, 李家维, 夏耀耀, 庞家满. 畜禽m⁶A甲基化修饰及营养调控研究进展[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2025, 56(9): 4215-4231.

BAI Guangdong, LOU Zekai, WANG Ruiqi, ZHAO Xuan, LI Jiawei, XIA Yaoyao, PANG Jiaman. Advances in m⁶A Methylation Modification and Nutritional Regulation in Livestock and Poultry[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2025, 56(9): 4215-4231.

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病原性细菌 Pathogenic bacteria	器官/细胞 Organs/cells	m⁶A甲基转移酶/甲基化水平 m⁶A methylase/methylation levels	文献来源 Literature sources
金黄色葡萄球菌 Staphylococcus aureus	牛乳腺上皮细胞	METTL3、METTL14、WTAP、ALKBH5↑	[75]
大肠杆菌 Escherichia coli	牛乳腺上皮细胞	METTL3、METTL14、WTAP、ALKBH5↑	[76]
大肠杆菌F18 Escherichia coli F18(E.coli F18)	IPEC-J2	METTL3↑	[77]
	IPEC-J2	METTL3↑	[78]
	IPEC-J2	WTAP↑	[79]
大肠杆菌K88 Escherichia coli K88(E.coli K88)	IPEC-J2	m⁶A水平↑	[80]
C型产气荚膜梭菌 Clostridium perfringens beta2 toxin(CPB2)	仔猪回肠	METTL3、METTL14、FTO、ALKBH5、YTHDF1↑ WATP、YTHDF2、YTHDF3、YTHDC2↓ m⁶A水平↑	[81]
C型产气荚膜梭菌 Clostridium perfringens beta2 toxin(CPB2)	IPEC-J2	METTL3、ALKBH5、YTHDF3↑ METTL14、WATP、FTO、YTHDC1、YTHDC2↓ m⁶A水平↑	[81]
副猪嗜血杆菌 Haemophilus parasuis(Hps)	猪肺泡巨噬细胞	METTL3、METTL14、WTAP、YTHDF2和FTO↓	[82]

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畜禽m⁶A甲基化修饰及营养调控研究进展

Advances in m⁶A Methylation Modification and Nutritional Regulation in Livestock and Poultry

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