益生菌在犬肠道疾病中作用及机制的研究进展

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.08.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

肠道疾病与肠道菌群失衡之间存在直接的联系，而恢复肠道微环境的稳定状态是治疗这些疾病的关键所在。利用益生菌治疗肠道疾病已经成为一种新兴的治疗策略。本文回顾了近年来国内外在益生菌治疗肠道疾病方面的应用进展、益生菌在维护肠道健康方面的作用以及其潜在的作用机制，目的是指导益生菌在饲料添加剂和治疗药物中的应用，以治疗肠道疾病并确保动物的健康福利。

关键词: 肠道菌群, 益生菌, 肠道疾病, 犬

Abstract:

Intestinal dysfunctions are the most obvious association with gut dysbiosis, and restoring the homeostasis of intestinal microorganisms is the key to the treatment of these diseases. Using probiotics for treating intestinal diseases has become an emerging therapeutic strategy. This paper reviews the recent application progress of probiotics in the treatment of intestinal diseases, probiotics in maintaining intestinal health and their potential action mechanisms, aiming to guide the application of probiotics in feed additives and therapeutic drugs, so as to treat related diseases and ensure the health and welfare of canine.

Key words: intestinal microbiota, probiotics, intestinal diseases, canine

中图分类号:

S852.2

杨宇翔, 王朋朋, 李斌, 谢留威, 修福晓, 刘成武. 益生菌在犬肠道疾病中作用及机制的研究进展[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2025, 56(8): 3610-3620.

YANG Yuxiang, WANG Pengpeng, LI Bin, XIE Liuwei, XIU Fuxiao, LIU Chengwu. Research Progress on the Application and Mechanism of Probiotics in Canine Intestinal Diseases[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2025, 56(8): 3610-3620.

图/表 2

表 1

表 2

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疾病类型 Disease type	肠道菌群 Gut microbiota	来源 Reference
急性腹泻 AD	放线菌↑、假诺卡氏菌↑、普罗威登斯菌↑、大肠杆菌↑、乳酸菌↓、粪杆菌↓、乳球菌↓、双歧杆菌↓	[5]
	普罗威登斯菌阳性检出率高达41%	[7]
	产气荚膜梭菌↑、拟杆菌↓、粪杆菌↓、瘤胃球菌科↓	[8]
	产气荚膜梭菌↑、梭杆菌门↓、瘤胃球菌属↓、布劳特氏菌属↓、普拉梭菌↓	[9]
	普罗威登斯菌↑、产气荚膜梭菌↑、普氏粪杆菌↓、布劳特氏菌属↓	[10]
炎症性肠病 IBD	粪杆菌属↓、梭杆菌属↓	[15]
	拟杆菌属↓、普雷沃氏菌属↓	[14]
	乳酸菌↓	[16]

疾病类型 Disease type	益生菌种类 Probiotic species	使用效果 Application effect	来源 Reference
急性腹泻 AD	双歧杆菌AHC7	益生菌治疗缩短AD病程	[27]
	屎肠球菌4B1707	益生菌治疗缩短AD病程，病情恢复速度比接受安慰剂治疗的犬只快1.60倍	[28]
	屎肠球菌NCIMB 10415 4b1707	提高犬粪便评分，降低犬群腹泻率	[29]
	约翰氏乳杆菌CRL1693、鼠联合乳杆菌CRL1695、黏膜黏液乳杆菌CRL1696、唾液乳杆菌CRL1702	提高犬粪便评分，使其显著高于对照组，AD病情被迅速改善，而且粪便中的乳酸菌丰度显著提升。	[30]
	发酵乳杆菌VET 9A、鼠李糖乳杆菌VET 16A、植物乳杆菌VET 14A	治疗组粪便评分显著增加，治疗组大肠杆菌、产气英膜梭菌丰度降低，犬呕吐、腹泻率下降，食欲增加。	[31]
	屎肠球菌SF68、凝结芽孢杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌	腹泻病程显著缩短，粪便乳酸杆菌丰度增加和丁酸盐含量显著增加。	[32]
	Vivomixx^®	产气荚膜梭菌的丰度显著降低，产气荚膜梭菌表达成孔毒素基因NetF迅速降低。	[33]
炎症性肠病 IBD	枯草芽孢杆菌C-3102	缓解肠道炎症，促进产SCFAs的普罗威登斯菌和肠球菌属的菌群丰度，并提升了肠道内醋酸盐的浓度。	[34]
	乳杆菌DSM24730、副干酪乳杆菌DSM24733、德氏乳杆菌保加利亚亚种DSM24734、嗜酸乳杆菌DSM 24735、嗜热链球菌DSM24731、短双歧杆菌DSM24732、长双歧杆菌DSM24736、婴儿双歧杆菌DSM24737	提高肠道病理组织学评分，促进肠屏障紧密连接蛋白表达，增加产SCFAs的乳酸菌属、双歧杆菌属丰度。	[35]
	益生菌VSL#3	减少促炎性CD3+ T细胞浸润，增加FoxP3+和TGF-β+免疫抑制细胞和粪杆菌属的相对丰度。	[36]

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